高中英語《現(xiàn)在完成時》ppt課件.ppt

1、現(xiàn)在完成時,1,構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時是由助動詞have（has）過去分詞 否定句：在have/has后加not. 一般疑問句：把have/has提到主語前. 動詞的過去分詞：規(guī)則變化（和過去時一樣） 不規(guī)則變化,現(xiàn)在完成時,2,不規(guī)則變化： am/is-was- been are-were-been begin-began-begun break-broke-broken do-did-done draw-drew-drawn drink-drank-drunk drive-drove-driven eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flown for

2、get-forgot-forgotten give-gave-given go-went-gone,3,完成時態(tài)的分類,現(xiàn)在完成時：站在現(xiàn)在回顧過去 1.表示“影響” 2.表示“持續(xù)” 過去完成時：站在過去回顧過去的過去 將來完成時：站在將來回顧此前發(fā)生的事件,4,1 “影響”表過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果. (多數(shù)需要結(jié)合上下文語境） Eg. I have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過衣服。 （“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動作，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”） I have just had my breakfast. (對現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓) 影響 近

3、的影響 遠(yuǎn)的影響 經(jīng)歷 eg. I have visited your factory before,5,與其搭配的時間狀語：just（剛剛）, already（已經(jīng)）, before, yet（一般疑問：已經(jīng)；否定句：還） never, ever,I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. Ive just finish

4、ed my homework. He has not come yet,6,2.“持續(xù)”表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，并可能繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài),Eg. I havent seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years,7,1.for（段時間）, since（過去點(diǎn)時間）2.到目前為止/迄今： so far, til

5、l now, up to now3.最近幾個日、月、年以來：these days, in/ over/during for the last /past few years/months/weeks/days, through years,與其搭配的時間狀語(默認(rèn)的時間結(jié)點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在,eg. I have been here for just over two years. He has worked here since 1989. 從1989年，他就在這工作了,8,動詞 延續(xù)性動詞 非延續(xù)性動詞的否定時態(tài) 或轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞,9,2.非延續(xù)性動詞也稱終止性動詞，瞬間動詞， 表示動作瞬間完成 例

6、如： become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry 3.非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換,10,1.延續(xù)性動詞have，keep等來代替非延續(xù)性動詞。 他入黨五年了。He joined the Party five years ago . He has been in the Party for five years. 電影開始五分鐘了。 The film began five minutes ago. The film has been on fo

7、r five minutes. e/go be (in) leave be away borrow keep buy have die be dead get to know know begin be on open be open close be closed arrive be here/there marry/get married (to) be married (to) fall asleep/get to sleep be asleep join the Party be in the Party/be a member of,11,12,1.I have borrowed t

8、he book for 2 weeks. ( ) 2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.(,A B C,A B C,B kept,B been on,3. 這輛自行車我買了兩年了。 Ive _ the bike _ two years,4. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years,5. The monkey died last month. The monkey _ _ _ for a month,6. A: Hong long _ you _ ( ) B: Two week

9、s. A.did,get ill B. have,fallen ill C. were,ill D. have,been ill,had for,has been away from,has been dead,D,13,注意,一.常用現(xiàn)在完成時的句型 This/It is the first/last/only + n.+ that+現(xiàn)在完成時 This/It is the first/secondtime that+現(xiàn)在完成時 This/It is + adj.最高級(the best/worst/most interesting) +名詞+that+現(xiàn)在完成時,14,二. have be

10、en in, have been to 與have gone to 的用法： 1、have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多長時間）”，現(xiàn)在仍在那里。持續(xù) Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。 They have been in Canada for five years. 他們到加拿大有五年了。 2、have( has)been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。影響 I have just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。 Mary has never

11、 been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。 Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? 你以前曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？ 3、have (has) gone to 意為“到某地去了” 影響 -Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. 他到書店去了。 Jack Johnson has gone to London. 杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了,15,三.一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)分,The plane has arrived . 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒） The plane arriv

12、ed a quarter ago. 飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間在過去） I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會繼續(xù)。） I taught here for fifteen years. 我過去在這兒教過十五年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了,16,用括號中所給的動詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。 1. Mary _(lose) her pen. _ you _ (see) it here and there? 2. _ you _ (find) your watch yet? 3. -Are you thirsty? -NO, I _ just _ (have) some orange. 4. We _already _ (return) the book. 5. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village? 6. -Has Tom taught you English? -Yes, he _ (teach) us English for two years. 7. I _(not finish) my homework yet. Can yo