高考英語專題總結(jié)：短文改錯.ppt

1、高考新題型,短文改錯解題方略,Contents,高考短文改錯應(yīng)試策略及答題原則,高考短文改錯命題特征及命題趨勢,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2012年高考短文改錯真題實戰(zhàn)演練,本題滿分10分，給出一篇約100個單詞的短文，文中有10處錯誤，要求考生對每個句子進行判斷，如有錯誤即將其改正。錯誤類型包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等方面的錯誤,注意答題說明及答題規(guī)范,文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加 （1-2個） 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。 刪除 （1-2個） 把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。不計分。 修改 （6-8個） 在錯

2、的詞下面劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。 注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。 2、只允許修改10處，多者（叢第11處起）不計分,注意答題說明及答題規(guī)范,縱觀近年高考英語短文改錯題，學(xué)生和老師都認為難度不大，然而，每年高考中還是有不少考生對此題深感頭痛，主要原因是： 考生的英語基礎(chǔ)知識不扎實. 考生缺乏對短文改錯命題 特點的了解和做題規(guī)律方法的總結(jié),重視掌握基本的詞匯和語法知識; 規(guī)范使用常用的詞語和習(xí)語. 廣泛閱讀，增強語感，提高語言知識運用的準確性 . 做題時以句子為單位，從語篇角度把握內(nèi)容,查找行文邏輯錯誤。 錯誤的設(shè)置一般都是中學(xué)生寫作時常出現(xiàn)的錯誤 。改錯訓(xùn)練和書面表達訓(xùn)練結(jié)

3、合,短文中所設(shè)的錯誤大部分都是所謂的“語法”錯誤, 但是這種試題并不是單純檢測語法知識的,而是檢測考生的寫作能力中的校驗?zāi)芰?試題的立意特征,高考短文改錯命題特征及命題趨勢,高考短文改錯涉及詞匯、語法、句型結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的知識和邏輯推斷和綜合辨析, 是一種在較高層次上考查考生對英語知識的掌握和語言綜合運用能力的測試題型。 題材以記敘文為主,題材和語言符合中學(xué)生實際;句子結(jié)構(gòu)由簡單句主逐漸過渡到以復(fù)合句和并列句為主。學(xué)生在平時寫作中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤是短文改錯的考查的重點,試題的情景特征,高考短文改錯命題特征及命題趨勢,高考短文改錯的難度、錯誤類型設(shè)置、文章長度通常不會有太大變化。 考查會更加注重語用功能

4、,取材范圍將更廣泛,并注重語言的綜合運用能力,試題的命題趨勢,高考短文改錯命題特征及命題趨勢,What types of mistakes are usually involved in Passage Correcting? What is the method of correcting,高考短文改錯命題規(guī)律,高考短文改錯命題規(guī)律,動詞形，名詞數(shù) 還要注意形和副 非謂語，細辨別 介詞短語要牢記,A Limerick（五行打油詩,代詞格，細領(lǐng)悟 句子成分多分析 冠詞連詞常光顧 邏輯錯誤須關(guān)注,錯誤主要集中在動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)，主謂一致等方面,2006安徽卷】 Anyone can borrow

5、 books if he or she wish. 【2006安徽卷】 You can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other books, but you are not permit to take them out,wishes,permitted,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2006 NMET】 We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before. 【2006天津】 Today, I got a let

6、ter that said I had been admitting to a college. 【2006四川】 We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “Were having dinner .,had,admitted,2006陜西】 Ill send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived. 【2006湖北】 . sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on. 【2007天津卷】 In Grade

7、 Eight I took physics. In one test I get only 36 percent of the answers correct,got,arrive,needed,2010四川卷】 And after many attempts, she past her driving test and told her husband that 【2010四川卷】 An English lady was finally decided that she really should learn to drive . 【2010重慶卷】 After hearing your s

8、ad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm.,passed,are,2010陜西】 It was turned out to be her own cup. 【2011陜西】 . by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and . 【2011浙江】 She knows what had happened, but she thanked me,had,knew,2011全國卷1 】 However, my father had to return to wor

9、k on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. 【2011遼寧】 In early January this year, the rate of UFO reports were steady,flew,was,2011全國卷I】 I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school. The smell from it was very good 【2011重慶卷】 Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and live

10、ly,held,is,解決方案 (1) 通讀全文，搞清文中動詞時態(tài)的主旋律 . (2) 結(jié)合語境，靈活運用時態(tài)形式 . (3) 認真推敲，準確把握主動與被動,2006浙江卷】 Your knowledges of English can help the whole class. 【2006陜西卷】 The library has all kinds of book. Im sure you will find one you like,books,knowledge,名詞愛考數(shù)與格，也要分清可不可,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2006福建卷】 If you have interests i

11、n it, reply to me soon. 【2006陜西卷】 They have all sorts of course. Im sure you will find one you like it. 【2006重慶卷】 In summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful,interest,courses,sky,2007陜西卷】 Personally, I found most lesson rather uninteresting. 【2008浙江卷】 A nearby company was looking

12、for students with good handwriting to write addresses on envelope .The pay was 10 cents per envelope. 【2010四川卷】 In fact, Ive nearly killed three peoples,lessons,envelopes,people,2010全國 卷】 Christie was one of my best friend at high school. 【2011全國卷】 My brother was so much fond of the museums there th

13、at he begged my parents to stay another a couple of day. 【2011四川卷】 Tom was having much troubles getting up in the morning,trouble,friends,days,2011陜西卷】 . I came across a crew making a new film with one of my favorite actor. 【2011浙江卷】 I was playing at my cousin house. 【2011遼寧卷】 . the rate of UFO repo

14、rts was steady, around three per weeks,actors,cousins,week,1. 修飾名詞，作賓補及連系動詞后用形容詞； 2. 修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞及整個句子時用副詞； 3. 比較級和最高級的使用,2006福建卷】 We can hear birds singing happy all around. 【2007浙江卷】 I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself,proud,happily,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2006遼寧卷】 She was usual patient with her s

15、tudents and never made them disappointed. 【2008全國卷卷】 I will learn more about the history of the Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic games,usually,well,2009陜西卷】 The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected. 【2010遼寧卷】 She was, in fact, rather attractively,faster,attractive,2010重慶卷】 Still, your

16、 happiness makes him happily too. 【2011四川卷】 Im pleasing to hear it ,”said his boss,” but where were you yesterday,happy,pleased,2007浙江卷】 I could not to run very fast and fell behind. 【2007寧夏卷】 Li Ming came see me every day,to,主要錯誤為三種：非謂語的混淆；不定式to的遺漏或多用；非謂語與謂語動詞的混淆,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2008重慶卷】 And there w

17、ere many meaningful things that were worth think of. 【2008遼寧卷】 We all enjoyed this precious day greatly , remember the time we spent together and the people they were familiar with,remembering,thinking,2009浙江】 It was a lesson that it was possible give without expecting anything in return. 【2010課標全國卷

18、】 On the box was a card said:“25 cents.,to,saying,2010浙江卷】 I noticed Mother looking at the nearby table occupy by an elderly woman . 【2010重慶卷】 He had time for a proper breakfast and was still the first reach the factory,occupied,to,2011陜西卷】 I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorit

19、e actors. 【2011四川卷)】 The man did as told and slept really well, wake up before the alarm had even gone off,making,waking,2011遼寧卷】 The commanding officer, Wayne Tyler, who was directly responsible for the study of all such reports, decided to making his findings known,make,解決方案 (1) 縱觀全文或全句，明確句中動詞所作的句

20、子成分. (2)系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語動詞的句法功能. (3) 前后聯(lián)系，整體把握,lose my heart such many people in hurry in a short in Sunday afternoon,a,on,so,介詞多半考搭配,多、漏、誤用想周到,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2006天津卷】 Because the help you gave me that summer, my life changed. 【2006福建卷】 I have been told one more worker will be needed this year and I think yo

21、u are fit it. 【2006福建卷】 It is so a beautiful place,of,for,such,2011浙江卷】 I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy. 【2011陜西卷】 .about to leave when he walked out a building 【2011浙江卷】 There was one on particular Id always wanted,of,in,解決方案 (1)平時的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累語言知識，特別是一些固定搭配的記憶 . (2)強化語法訓(xùn)練，分清連詞，副詞

22、和介詞之間的區(qū)別和句法功能 . (3) 語法知識的記憶和語感的培養(yǎng)結(jié)合起來,人稱代詞的性別，單復(fù)數(shù)及代詞格的誤用； 物主代詞，反身代詞以及不定代詞的誤用； “it” 一詞的不當(dāng)使用(包括用于從句中或作形式主語或賓語)； Whose 和whos，its和its的混淆,代詞方面的錯誤主要體現(xiàn)在,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,I,me,we,us,you,you,you,you,he,him,she,her,it,it,they,them,2007全國I卷】 I was only about six when he held his hand out to me. I took it in me a

23、nd we walked. 【2007陜西卷】 Just at that time I woke up and found me still in bed,mine,myself,2008全國II卷】 I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture and show them their great achievement. 【2011重慶卷】 With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, Ive soon got used to living without my paren

24、ts . 【2011全國II卷】 Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us with the wonderful meals,our,mine,us,解決方案 (1) 順藤摸瓜，理清短文中代詞的指代關(guān)系，注意聯(lián)系上下文。 (2) 系統(tǒng)掌握it的各種用法 . (3) 準確把握不定代詞在文中的正確使用,句法涉及到一致, 從句多考引導(dǎo)詞（誤用，多用或遺漏,2007天津卷】 I was lucky enough to have a teacher which didnt take my bad grad

25、es as a judgment of my abilities,who / that,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2008年安徽卷】 She looked at me and started to laugh. “How are you laughing?”I asked. 【2009遼寧卷】 One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan,Why,which,2010陜西卷】 It turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by

26、 mistake. 【2010寧夏青海卷】 . let me know what things are going,which,how,2011遼寧卷】 .the rate of UFO reports were steady . 【2011重慶卷】 Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times,was,whom,2010重慶卷】 Here is my idea about how a friend is like. 【2010全國卷】 So if they

27、had said was true, I would have a chance of winning the prize,what,what,解決方案 （1）不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類； （2）不同的語境要選擇不同的詞語。 （3）只有對句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分作細致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e誤,冠詞在前 “錯” “多” “少”。 ?？嫉腻e誤形式有：冠詞the, a, an 的誤用，多用或少用,2oo7全國卷II】 I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things Im doing at the school,a,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分

28、析歸納,2007四川卷】 An Australian farmer found the kangaroo caught in the fence around his farms. 【2010陜西卷】 Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it,a,the,2011陜西卷】 He was right there in the front of me. 【2010 課標全國卷】 My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US,a,2011全國卷

29、2】 If youd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be more than happy to be your guide. 【2011浙江卷】 It was very nice to get your invitation to spend weekend with you,a,the,連詞?？?but，and，or, so 等的邏輯錯誤，以及搭配錯誤,2006遼寧卷】 She always made sure that our homework was finished on time, but she marked stri

30、ctly on our actual performance,and,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2007浙江卷】 Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot. 【2007四川卷】 He thought the poor animal was injured, but the kind farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal,when,so,2007四川卷】 He worked hard, but it wasnt surprising that

31、he pass the exam. 【2010課程標準卷】 my neighbor picked up the box but announced,and/so,and,2010遼寧卷】 Her hair was black and purple, and she wore black sports shoes and a black sweater, although in the summer. 【2010全國】 All I had to do was to write a story or present it,even,and,2011四川】 His boss wanted to fi

32、re him if he didnt start coming on time, but he went to the doctor for a help. 【2011全國II卷】 Its been a week after we left your family and we are now back home,a,so,since,詞法句法均未錯, 邏輯推理來尋找。主要是句子之間邏輯關(guān)系的矛盾，代詞在人稱上的不一致等,2006四川卷】 That night，we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterrupted

33、 meals,we,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,2010陜西卷】 The assistant was clearly as embarrassed as my sister, for I just thought it was funny. 【2011遼寧卷】 Wayne Tyler decided to make his findings known. They wrote an article,He,but / yet / while,2011陜西卷】 I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home

34、to get 【2011陜西卷】 Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they had finished the scene and the actor couldnt be seen everywhere,and /so,anywhere,2011全國卷II】 If youd like to make a trip tomy city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. I have to take up a part-time job because my family i

35、s rich enough,more,not,三步,高考短文改錯應(yīng)試策略及答題原則,通讀全文，把握大意 細讀全文，仔細斟酌 再讀全文, 復(fù)核審查,六原則,以在有錯行改動一詞為原則. 以改變實詞形式為原則. 以單詞形式變化最小為原則. 以添加或刪除虛詞為原則. 以多“改正”少“添刪”為原則 以保持原意不變?yōu)樵瓌t,高考短文改錯應(yīng)試策略及答題原則,四不改,標點符號不改。 大小寫不改。 詞序錯誤不改。 單詞拼寫不改,高考短文改錯應(yīng)試策略及答題原則,I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. F

36、rom the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday t

37、oy train, my father said, Thats it. No more toys to you. My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on,2012年高考短文改錯真題實戰(zhàn)演練,I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the t

38、ime I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys,less,my,them,go,went,toys,But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my

39、fifth birthday toy train, my father said, Thats it. No more toys to you. My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on,for,what,tore,could,My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we vis

40、it Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also sha

41、red for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing,2012年高考短文改錯真題實戰(zhàn)演練,My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week

42、 when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room,visited,so/and,comfortable,was,I check

43、ed my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing,with,taken,dishes,a,mine,Dear Dia

44、na, Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind tor you to let us bring Annes friend. Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, w

45、e drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park Gina nearly got knocked over as a car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way to home,Dear Diana, Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Annes friend. Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line