(完整)小學(xué)英語知識點歸納,推薦文檔

1、1、話題小學(xué)英語知識點歸納19(1) 字母：(大小)辨認(rèn)、書寫順序 : aa bb cc dd ee ff gg hh ii jj kk ll mm n n oo pp qq rr ss tt uu vv ww xx yy zz.元音字母：a a , ee, ii, oo, uu半元音字母: yy書寫容易錯誤的字母：e , f , g, m, n, d, i, p, q, x, y.(2) 數(shù)字：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的運用，如計算、購物等.基 數(shù) 詞 : one, two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten , eleven, twelve, thi

2、rte en, fourteen, fifteen twenty, twenty-one thirty, forty, fifty eighty, ninety, one/a hundred , one/a hundred and one two hundred.序 數(shù) 詞 : first , second , third , fourth , fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, twenty-fo

3、urthi rtieth, fortieth, fiftieth eightieth, ninetieth相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) whats thirty and forty? that comes to seventy.2) whats your telephone number? my telephone number is 83555723.3) what time is it ? its half past ten.4) when do you usually get up ? at six thirty-five.5) where do you live? i live at no

4、.48 renmin road.6) how old are you? im twelve.7) how much does it cost? it costs 50 yuan.8) how many cars have you got? i have got 6 cars.9) how many birds can you see in the tree? i can see 3.10) how many dolls are there on the bed? there is one/a doll.11) how many dolls are there on the bed? there

5、 are four dolls.12) which floor do you live on? i live on the fifth floor.13) excuse me, can you tell me the way to baiyun hotel?yes, go down this street, then turn left at the third crossing.14) whos the fifth girl from the right? shes my cousin.注意： 數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用; 不可數(shù)名詞及它的量的表示方法;many 與 much 在用法上的區(qū)別; there

6、is/are 與 have/has 在用法上的區(qū)別.(3) 顏色：實物的顏色colours: red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, grey, dark blue, light blue.相關(guān)句型: 1) what colour is your coat? its .2) whats your favourite colour? my favourite colour is (4) 時間：年、季節(jié)、月、星期、日、時刻year, season( spring, summer, autumn, winter) ,

7、month: january, february, march, april, may, june, july, august, september, o ctober, november, december.week: sunday, monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday, saturday. day: 1st may (the first of may), may 2nd ( may the second)time: (an) hour, minute, second10:05 (five minutes past ten, ten o

8、five) 10:10 (ten minutes past ten, ten ten) 10:15 (quarter past ten, ten fifteen) 10:30 (half past ten, ten thirty)10:45 (quarter to eleven, ten forty-five) 11:00 (eleven oclock)相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) how old is your mother? shes thirty-six years old.2) how many months are there in a year? there are 12.3) whe

9、ns your birthday? my birthday is on 15th january ( the fifteenth of jan uary).4) when do you get up? i get up at six oclock.5) when does spring last? it lasts for 3 months from march to may.6) what time is it? its quarter to nine.(5) 食品與飲料：人對食品與飲料的喜好;東西方食品food : meat, rice, fish, bread, egg, cake,dr

10、inks : water, milk ,orange/apple/water melon/banana/strawberry juice ,coke, co ffee, black/green tea相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) would you like something to drink/eat? yes, id like some no, thanks .2) would you like to eat/drink? id like to eat/drink no, thanks .3) whats your favourite food/drink? my favourite food

11、/drink is 4) could i have some? yes, please .(6) 服裝：服裝的顏色:人對服裝的喜好;某人的穿戴;所屬關(guān)系clothes: hat, cap, coat, shirt , t-shirt, skirt, dress, sweater, jacket, trousers, soc k, shoeput on, wear所屬關(guān)系: 形容詞性的物主代詞:my, your, his, her, its, our, their名詞性的物主代詞: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) wha

12、t does it look like? it likes wearing a blue shirt.2) whose shoes are these? theyre mine.theyre toms .3) is this /that/it your book? yes, it is.no, it isnt.4) is this pencil yours? yes, it is. no, it isnt.5) are these /those/they your coats and trousers?yes, they are. no, they arent.6) are those clo

13、thes theirs? yes, they are.no, they arent.7) this is my hat. that hat is his.注意： 名詞單，復(fù)數(shù);物主代詞(名詞性的物主代詞，形容詞性的物主代詞);名詞所有格，如：toms , my fathers , the teachers.(7) 玩具和文具：特點、顏色、所屬關(guān)系;存在的位置toys: doll, toy文具: desk, book, bag ,pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, chair, ball存 在 的 位 置 : in, on, under, beside, behind

14、, in front of, in the front of , in the middle of, at the back of(a place/a person).相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) there is a cup of tea on the table.2) there are some oranges in the fridge.3) is there any milk in the glass? yes, there is.no, there isnt.4) are there any oranges in the fridges?yes, there are. no, ther

15、e arent.5) whats under the desk?there is an orange. / there are some oranges.(8) 日常生活用品：特點、顏色、所屬關(guān)系;存在的位置words: shelf, table, clock, brush, telephone, light, computer, bike, fridge, glass, knife, keyboard, bottle, box, plate, photo, photograph, fax, radio, super-market,book store,noodles/cake/clothes

16、/shoe/tv shop.特 點 : big, small, heavy, light, white, black, empty, full, old, new, beautiful, cute, tall, short, strong, plump, nice, good, bad(9) 動物：家畜、家禽;農(nóng)場動物、動物園及野生動物的特點;生活地點和所屬關(guān)系words(animals): cat, dog, duck, goose (geese) fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, chicken, tiger, li

17、on, pig, cow , mouse (mice),giraffe,dolphin,生活地點：at home, in a farm, in a zoo 所屬關(guān)系：同上話題(7)(10) 植物：特點、所屬關(guān)系;存在的位置words: tree, rose, flower, leaf(leaves) (11) 環(huán)境與建筑：特點、所屬關(guān)系;存在的位置buildings: factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post offic e, bank, police station, train station,

18、sports stadium, department store, store, school, classroom, house: bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, washroom,kitchen, garden房子的基本構(gòu)造： door, gate, wall, window, floor相關(guān)句型: 1) where do you study at ? i study at longdong primary school.2) where does your mother work at ? she works at a hosp

19、ital.3) lets meet at the gate of the park.4) my brother is playing in the garden.(12) 身體：特點body: head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, shoulder, hand, finger, foot (feet) ,t oe外 貌 : fat, thin, plump , tall, short, old, young, round face, two big blue eyes, lo ng hair, short hair, black hair ,whit

20、e hair相關(guān)句型: 1) im /youre /hes/shes /were /theyre (not) tall.2) is he/she tall or short? hes /shes tall (short).3) i/we/they/you have (got) black hair.4) he/she has ( got ) a round face.5) has he/she got long hair ? yes, he/she has.no, he/she hasnt.注意：描述人的外貌時，have 與 has 用法上的區(qū)別; 形容詞的用法，如 :tall, short,

21、 old, young, black , long(13) 個人情況：姓名、年齡、地址、特點與愛好age, year, address, e-mail address, hobby,hobby: collecting stamps(coins) , going swimming doing sth相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) how old are you ? im thirteen years old.2) im a thirteen-year old boy.3) whats your address? i live at no.48 renmin road.4) whats your e-m

22、ail address? my e-mail address is 123vip126.com.5) whats your hobby? my hobby is going running.or : i like going running.6) i /you/ they like music.7) he likes sightseeing.8) do you like reading? yes, i do. no, i dont.9) does he /she like playing basketball?yes, he/she does. no, he/she doesnt.注意： 描述

23、個人的喜好時：名詞和動詞- ing 形式作賓語; 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時一般現(xiàn)在時動詞的變化。動詞 ing 的變化規(guī)律： 1)直接加 ing ，如： open-opening, clean-cleaning, meet-m eeting, sing-singing, study-studying, 2) 去掉詞尾不發(fā)音的 e ，如：take-taking, close-closing, come-coming, drive-drivi ng, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, 3) 重讀閉音節(jié)的，雙寫最后的字母

24、，加 ing , 如： sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-be ginning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, become-becoming, 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時一般現(xiàn)在時動詞的變化規(guī)律(與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)律相同)： 1)直接加 s， 如：cook-cooks, come-comes, close-closes,2) 以 o, x, s, sh, ch 結(jié) 尾 +es , 如 : teach-teaches, go-goes, do-does, catch-catch es, wash

25、-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, 3) 輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾，把 y 改為 i ，+es， 如：fly-flies, worry-worries, carry-carrie s, 4) 以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾，把 f 或 fe，改為 v+es.5) 特殊：have-has, (14) 家庭、親屬和朋友：姓名、年齡、地址、特點與愛好：與你的關(guān)系words: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, siste

26、r, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend相關(guān)句型: 1) is he/she toms cousin? yes, he/she is.no, he/she isnt.2) whos he/she? hes/shes my friend.3) how many people are there in your family? who are they?there are four, my father, my mother, my brother and me.注意： 1)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，如：family-families;名詞單數(shù)-復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)律: 1) 直接加 s， 如： boy-

27、boys, term-terms,2) 以 o, x, s, sh, ch 結(jié) 尾 +es , 如 : box-boxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, coac h-coaches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches, match-matches,3) 輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾，把 y 改為 i ，+es， 如：baby-babies, lady-ladies, factory-fa ctories, peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches ,4) 以 f 或 fe

28、結(jié)尾，把 f 或 fe，改為 v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shel f-shelves, 5) 特 殊 : man-men, policeman-policemen, woman-women, child-children, goose-g eese, tooth-teeth, foot-feet,6) 不 變 : hair, milk, tea, coffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, people, fi sh, sheep, 2) 名詞所有格，表明是“誰的” 如： my

29、cousins , his parents它的構(gòu)成規(guī)則： 單數(shù)名詞后+“ s”， mikes mother. 復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾有，其后只+“ ”，teachers da 教師節(jié). 若是兩人共有時，只在后者+ “s ”,jim and toms mother.吉姆和湯姆的母親。不是兩者所共有的，兩者都+ “ s ”,jims and toms mother.吉姆母親和湯姆的母親。名詞若是無生命，所有格構(gòu)成用 of,a map of china.一幅中國地圖(15) 學(xué)校：學(xué)校建筑和學(xué)校生活words: school building, classroom, dormitory, playground

30、, librarysubjects: chinese, maths , english, music, computer, pe, art, biology, politics , history, meeting, geography相關(guān)句型: 1) whats your favourite subject? english.2) wheres the library? its behind the dormitory.3) when do you go to school? at 7:20.4) when does chinese begin on monday? at eight ocl

31、ock.5) does geography begin at twenty to ten on monday?yes, it does. no, it doesnt.6) were having an english class.(16) 社交禮儀：禮貌用語;詢問與應(yīng)答1. greetings: hello! hi! good morning/afternoon/evening.how are you ? fine, thanks. and you? please say hello to your parents for me.2. introduction: my name is im a

32、 pupil. im new here.this is mr/mrs/miss white. hello, nice to meet you .3. farewells: goodbye/bye-bye/bye.see you then/tomorrow. good night.its late. i must go home now. thanking for coming.4. thanks: thank you (very much).youre welcome. not at all.5. apologies: sorry. im sorry. thats all right. exc

33、use me.6. incitation: will you go shopping with me?would you like to go ? id love to . thank you.7. asking for permission: may i have an apple ?could /can i use your bike?sure. certainly. yes, of course. yes, do please.8. expressing wishes: happy birthday! thank you.9. offering help: can i help you?

34、 what can i do for you?10. making appointments: are you free tomorrow? what about tomorrow aftern oon?lets meet at the gate at 7:50. shall we visit the museum?11. hello! may i speak to kate? speaking/its kate here.whos this/that, please ?12. taking meals: would you like something to eat/drink?would

35、you like some fish/meat?13. shopping : can i help you ,sir?what can i do for you, sir ? what about this one?do you like this one?i want /id like some oranges.how much is the shirt /are the socks? its to small. two kilos, please .ill take it.14. asking the way: excuse me. where is the guangzhou libra

36、ry?can you tell you me the way to the garden hotel, please? can i take this bus to beijing road?is there a hotel near here?its over there. turn right/legt(17) 國家與城市：地理位置;特點countries: china, japan, america (the usa), english( the uk), australia, russi a, canada, italy, india, france,nationalities: ch

37、inese, japanese, american, englishman, australian, russian, c anadian, italian, indian, french,相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) wheres japan? its to the east of china.2) where does your friend come from? she comes from english.3) where are they from? theyre from russia.4) what country do you from? i come from china.5)

38、what country is he from? hes from france.6) what language does she speak? she speaks french.7) what language do they speak? they speak chinese.(18) 天氣：氣候特征weather : hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, shine, sunny, rain ,heavy rain, light rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, light snow

39、snowy, cloud, cloud ytemperature: 15 ( fifteen degrees centigrade), 0 (zero degree centigrade), -5 (m inus degrees centigrade)相 關(guān) 句 型 : 1) whats the weather like in spring? its warm, rainy and wet.2) what will the weather be like there? it will be sunny.3) is it snowing? yes, it is a snowy day.4) wi

40、ll there be cloudy? yes, there will.5) the sun is shining.6) i like taking a warm bath.(19) 節(jié)日：節(jié)日的特點;節(jié)日的活動festivals : new years day, spring festival, womens day, april foolish day, may day, mothers day, childrens day, fathers day, partys day, armys day, mid- autumn festival, teachers day , national

41、day, thanks giving day, christmas day.new years day: 1st january.spring festival: its the chinese new year. its the first day of the chinese year. its a very special festival for all chinese people. it is usually at the end of ja nuary or the beginning of february /in late january or early february.

42、 the children can get “l(fā)ucky money”.womens day: its on 8th march.april foolish day: on 1st april, on this day, people can play jokes to their friends.may day: 1st may, laborers day.mothers day: on the second sunday of may. childrens day: on june 1st.fathers day: on the third sunday in june. partys b

43、irthday: in china, its on 1st july. armys day: in china, its on 1st august.mid-autumn festival: on 15th august of chinese lunar calendar. in china , peo ple eat special cakes calls moon cakes and watch the full moon.teachers day: on 10th september.national day: in china, its at the beginning of octo

44、ber.thanks giving day: the last thursday in november, its american festival. christmas day: december 25th.(20) 方位：人或物的位置;問路與應(yīng)答place : in, on ,at, under, near, next to, beside, behind, in front of , in the front of , in the middle (of ), back, on the right/left, the second/person from the right/l eft

45、a: excuse me. wheres the department store?can you tell me the way to the garden hotel, please? can i take this bus to beijing road?is there a hotel near here? b: its over there.turn right /left at the first crossing. the hotel is on the right/left. im sorry, i dont know.(21) 正在發(fā)生的事情：現(xiàn)在進行的動作和發(fā)生的事 be

46、doing something1) im/youre/hes /shes /were/theyre (not) working.2) are you playing football? yes, i am/we are.3) is he/she taking exercise? yes, he/she is. no, he/she isnt.4) are they going shopping? yes, they are. no, they arent.5) what are you doing? im/were cleaning the room.6) whats he/she doing

47、? hes/shes having supper.7) what are they doing? theyre reading.(22) 日常生活：日常生活、工作、學(xué)習(xí)的活動 daily routineget up brush ones teeth, wash ones face, make breakfast , have breakfast, g o to school/work, do morning exercises, have classes, play basketball, play football, run ,jump, go home, have lunch, have

48、supper, do ones homework, watch tv, do some reading, take a bath, go to bed1) what time do you get up? i usually get up at 6 oclock.2) shen zhen often takes a bath at 9 oclock in the morning.3) my mother is never late for work.(23) 計劃與打算：計劃和將要進行的動作和發(fā)生的事 be going to do 1) im/youre /hes/shes /were/the

49、yre (not) going to visit the museum.2) are you going to swim? yes, i am/we are. no, im not/we arent.3) is he/she going to see miss wang? yes, he/she is. no, he/she isnt.4) what are you going to do tomorrow? im /were going to visit the farm.5) i/you/he/she/they/we will go skiing.6) are you going to b

50、e busy tomorrow? yes, i am/we are.go swimming, go shopping, go climbing, go skiing, go walking, go running, go fishing, go skating, go sightseeing,(24) 能力和可能：可能進行的動作和發(fā)生的事1) i/you/he/she/we/they can(cant) come here tomorrow.2) can he/she visit the factory today? yes, he/she can. no, he/she cant.3) ca

51、n they go by bus? yes, they can. no, they cant.4) may i visit the factory this afternoon? yes, of course /sure/certainly.5) may i sit here? yes, of course/please do.注意: 情態(tài)動詞 can 的用法, can do (+動詞原形). 實用短語歸納 1. put down 放下 shut down 把關(guān)上 cut down 砍掉 come down 下來、落下 slow down 減緩、放慢 sit down 坐下 write dow

52、n 寫下 get down 下來,降落 2. after all 畢竟.終究 after that 于是.然后 day after day 日復(fù)一日地 one after another 相繼.挨次 soon after 不久以后 the day after tomorrow 后天 3. come up with 找到、提出 catch up with 趕上 wake up 弄醒、醒來 send up 發(fā)射 open up 開設(shè)、開辦 grow up 長大 pick up 拾起、撿起 hands up 舉手 eat up 吃光 clean up 打掃干凈 give up doing sth.=

53、stop doing sth.放棄做某事 4. arrive at/in + n. 到達(dá) get to +n.到達(dá) reach + n.到達(dá) arrive / get +adv.到達(dá) 5. getback 退還, 送回去.取回 give back 歸還 come back 回來 at the back of 在的后面 on the way (back)home 在回家路上 6. at least 至少 at breakfast 早餐時 at desk 在桌前 at once 立刻,馬上 at school在上學(xué) at the same time 同時 at work 在工作be good at

54、=do well in 善長 laugh at 嘲笑 notat all 一點也不 at first 起初at night 在晚上 at noon 中午 at the age of / when sb. wasyears old 在歲時 atlast / in the end / finally 最后、終于 at the beginning of the twenty-first century 在21世紀(jì)初在腳下at the end of 在終點、結(jié)尾 at the moment /now 現(xiàn)在 at the foot ofat christmas 在圣誕節(jié) at any moment 任何

55、時候 at times(sometimes)有時, 偶爾 at the doctors 在醫(yī)務(wù)室 be bad at 不善長 7.for example 例如 for ever 永遠(yuǎn) be good for 對有益 be bad for 對有害 for long=for a long time 長期 for short 簡稱 be short for 是的簡稱 tv is short for “television” 8. come true 實現(xiàn) come down 下來 come from=be from 來自, 出生于 come in/into 進入,進來 come on 趕快 come over 過來 come along 走吧,過來,快點 come and go 來來去去 come up 上來 come out 出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來 9.even though=even if 即使、雖然、盡管 10. be pleased with 對感到滿意 be covered with 被覆蓋 be expected to do sth.被期望做某事 be proud of 以自豪 speak highly of 稱 贊 be afraid o