新編英語語法教程Relative Clause分析解析

1、English Grammar 1. Definition of Relative Clause ?A relative clause is a clause that is introduced by a relative word by a relative pronoun or by a relative determiner or by a relative adverb ?I shall never forget the day when I entered the university . antecedent Relative clause by a relative prono

2、un Substitute sb. Substitute sth. Substitute sb. / sth. As subject who which that As object whom which that As attributive Whose (of whom) Whose (of which) ? examples ?He is a man who / that means what he says. ?People whose dog bite other people should keep them tied up. ?The few points ( which / t

3、hat ) the president stressed in his report are very important indeed. by a relative adverb Relative adverbs Substituted antecedent functions when Nouns denoting time Adverbial of time where Nouns denoting place Adverbial of place why reasons Adverbial of reason Examples In the years when (that / in

4、which ) food was not enough many people were starved to death. The next day John went with me to the railway station, where I bought a ticket for Beijing. That is the reason why (that / for which ) I am not in favor of the plan. 2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom” ?Much that I learned in t

5、he book is very useful. ?Professor Li has told us something that we should do in the summer vacation. ? Antecedent : all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none, few 2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom” ?This is most interesting film that has been produced in recent ye

6、ars. ?The first thing I am going to do is to write to my parents. ? ordinal numeral / superlative degree + Antecedent 2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom” ? the only, the very, the same, the last + Antecedent This is the very book that belongs to him. 2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who,

7、 whom” ?This is the very book that I have been looking for. ?There is no person that doesnt make mistakes. ? no / every / some / only / very / much/any + Antecedent 2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom” ?They are talking about the teachers and schools that they had visited. ?Look at the man

8、and his donkey that are walking up the street. ?Two antecedents (sb. + sth. / animal) 2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom” ?I know the difference (that) there is between you. ?The number of mistakes (that) there are in this homework is simply surprising. ? antecedent + (that) there be 2. On

9、ly “that” in use, not “which, who, whom” ?I know the difference (that) there is between you. ?The number of mistakes (that) there are in this homework is simply surprising. There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. ? antecedent + (that) there be ?there be antecedent 2. Only “that” in use, not

10、“which, who, whom” Who is the girl that drove the car? Which is the book that you bought last week? ? who ?Which 3. Relative pronoun: but ?There is no rule but has some exceptions. ?There are very few but admire his talent. ? but = that (which / who) not; 用于no 后 4. Relative pronoun: than ?You spent

11、more money than was intended to be spent. ?He spends more money than he earns. ?The earth revolves a little more rapidly than it is closer to the sun. ? than = comparative adj. + antecedent 5. Relative adverb ?This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson. ?The first time (that) I entered the

12、 college was in 1988. ? ordinal numeral / last + time + (that) ?time + that / when 6. Relative pron. ?We admire the way he solved the problem. ?In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. ? the way + that / in which 7. Restrictive / non- restr

13、ictive relative clause ?The authors who (whom / that ) he mentioned are well-known. ?He is the man who has strong personality. ? restrictive relative clause 7. Restrictive / non- restrictive relative clause ?The clock, which my great-grandfather bought, is still in good order. ?He is going to the go

14、lf course, where he intends to put in some practice. ? non-restrictive relative clause 8. The same as / suchas/ asas/ soas ?I lend you such books as will interest you. ?She knew he felt just the same as she did. ?Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. ?Here is so big a stone as no man can li

15、ft. ?Relative adverb: as 8. As / which ?As: 1）代替主句整個(gè)或部分內(nèi)容；2)引導(dǎo) 的非限制性定語從句可位于句首、句中或句 尾；3）當(dāng)as在其引導(dǎo)的從句中充當(dāng)主語時(shí)， 其位于動(dòng)詞通常是be或其他系動(dòng)詞以及被動(dòng) 語態(tài)，此時(shí)若as引導(dǎo)的定語從句不在句首， as 和which可互換。 Which：引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句不能位于 句首； 9. prep. + relative pron. ?This is the largest clock in the world, of which the minute hand / the minute hand of

16、which is six meters long. ?These are the conditions (which / that ) he cant put up with . At the scene there were two cigarettes left, one of which was stained with lipstick. 10. Double relative clause ?Referring to a postmodifier composed of two relative clauses that share one and the same antecede

17、nt. The two clauses may be on the same rank of structure and are connected by a coordinator. ?You will easily find us; just look for a house whose windows need washing and whose fence needs repairing. 10. Double relative clause ?Two clauses may also be placed on different levels. She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar. (Here the first relative clause modifies “the only girl”, while the second relative clause modifies “the only girl I know ”) 11. Embedded relative clause ?It is a clause that functions both as the post- modifier of a noun p