定語從句狀語從句的翻譯

1、?定語從句的翻譯 ?狀語從句的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯 ?名詞性從句的翻譯 ?長句的翻譯 常見句型的翻譯常見句型的翻譯: 第六章：常見句型的翻譯 Attributive clauses are widely used in English. In many cases, sentences are made very long because of attributive clauses. Hence it is important to have a correct comprehensionand an accurate translation of attribute clauses. Dif

2、ferent attributive clauses may express different meaning such as purpose, concession, result and so on. An attributive clause usually follows the word it modifies. This is differentfrom Chinese.In Chinesethere is no post-position attributive and there can t be too many modifiers preceding the modifi

3、ed word. All this causes changes in translating some sentences which contain attributive clauses. 定語從句的譯法定語從句的譯法 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 I、譯成前置定語 一般說來，限制性的定語從句可提前譯成定語。還 有一些定語從句，雖然并不明顯地帶有限制性質(zhì)，但本 身較短，和被修飾語的關(guān)系緊密，也可譯成前置定語。 1. To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who

4、need them. 誠然，一個(gè)宏偉的重建計(jì)劃也許能為許多 需要工作的需要工作的人 提供就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。 2. This is the solider who just returned from the front. 這是剛從前線回來的戰(zhàn)士。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 3. 成都 一個(gè)你來了就不想離開的城市。 ChengduA city you will never want to say goodbye after arrival. 4. In recent years, however, people have begun to become aware that cities a

5、re also areas where there is a concentration of problems. 可是，近幾年來人們開始意識(shí)到城市也是 問題成堆的 地方。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 當(dāng)然，有些起附加說明作用的非限制性定語從句， 對先行詞也有不同程度的修飾限制作用，有時(shí)也可以 譯為前置定語。 5. The sun, whichhadhidden allday , now came out in all its splendor. 那個(gè)整天躲在云層里的那個(gè)整天躲在云層里的 太陽,現(xiàn)在又光芒四射地露面了。 6. He liked his sister, whowaswa

6、rm andpleasant, but he did not like his brother, whowasaloofandarrogant. 他喜歡熱情愉快的熱情愉快的妹妹，而不喜歡冷漠高傲的冷漠高傲的哥哥。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 II . 譯成后置定語 譯成后置定語 A、一些結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，或者意思上有較強(qiáng)的獨(dú)立性 的限制性定語從句，通常可譯為后置的并列句。采取 這種譯法往往要重復(fù)關(guān)系代詞所代替的詞，比如：有 時(shí)可在此詞之前加指示詞“這”、“這些”或人稱代 詞“他”、“他們”等等，來使譯文明確。 7. This volumeis preparedas examplesfor

7、 writing compositions which,as it were,has been takenas a difficult task. 本書旨在為寫作提供范例， 可以說寫作是一個(gè)難題?？梢哉f寫作是一個(gè)難題。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 8. Matter is composed of molecules that are composed of atoms. 物質(zhì)是由分子組成的， 而分子又是由原子組成的。 9. But listen, I met a man, who said you could solve this problem. 聽著， 我遇見一個(gè)人，這這個(gè)人說你

8、是有權(quán)解決這個(gè)問 題的。 10. Day light comes from the sun, which is a mass of hot, glowing gas. 日光來自太陽，太陽是一團(tuán)熾熱、發(fā)光的氣體 。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 B、 非限制性定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系不十分密切，只 是對先行詞加以說明，描述或解釋，或?qū)φ麄€(gè)句子所陳 述的事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象加以總結(jié)、補(bǔ)充說明，其前都有逗號(hào)分 開。在漢譯時(shí)一般譯為后置并列分句。如： 11.He blamed me for everything, which I thought very unfair. 他把一切錯(cuò)誤都?xì)w罪于我， 我認(rèn)為這

9、很不公平。 12. These books, which are only a small part of my collection, I picked up in American. 這些書是我在美國買,它們在我的藏書中只占一小部分 。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 13. She was very patient towards the children, whichher husband seldom was. 她對孩子們很耐心，而 她丈夫卻很少這樣 。 14. They seem to enjoy those rewards which they had purchased

10、by a course of unmerited fatigue, and by victories which almost exceeded belief. 他們對那些酬勞看來是很得意的， 那些酬勞是他們歷經(jīng) 千辛萬苦，通過取得令人難以置信的勝利得來的 。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 15. I told the story to John, who (=and he) told it to his brother. 我把這件事告訴了約翰，約翰又告訴了他的弟弟。 這種采取后置的辦法來處理非限制性定語從句，一般 也使用指示代詞來重復(fù)英語關(guān)系代詞所代表的含義。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯

11、定語從句的翻譯 16. There are many people who want to select this major. 許多人要選這個(gè)專業(yè) 。 17. There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 樓下有人要見你。 III 、溶合譯法 溶合法就是把原句子中的主語和定語從句溶合在一起 譯成一個(gè)獨(dú)立句子的翻譯方法。另外，由于限制性定 語從句與主句的關(guān)系密切，所以，限制性定語從句似 乎更適合采用溶合法。英語中突出的 “there be” 句型 就是這樣處理的。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 18.You are the only p

12、erson who could do it. 只有你才能做這件事。 19. He has a son of twenty who is now at the college. 他有個(gè)二十歲的兒子現(xiàn)在正上大學(xué) 。 20. This was the first time I had serious trouble with my leader. 這是我第一次和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重糾葛。和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重糾葛。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 IV. 譯成狀語 譯成狀語 有些定語從句從形式上看是定語，但在意義上與主 句有邏輯狀語關(guān)系，對主句其原因、結(jié)果、目的、條件、 讓步等狀語作用，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)盡可能按照其語

13、法功能，譯 成與漢語相對應(yīng)的復(fù)句。 21. The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain. 由于計(jì)算機(jī)起著類似人腦的作用，所以常常被稱作電腦。 （譯成原因狀從） 22. She insisted on buying another pair of roller skates, which she had no use of. 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 23. Rose took Chinesemedicinewhich relieved

14、her symptoms. 羅斯服了中藥，結(jié)果緩解了癥狀。（譯成結(jié)果狀從） 24. There is no bad habit that may not be cured by a strong willpower. 只要有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，就沒有什么壞習(xí)慣改不掉。（譯成條件狀從） 25. The newswoman wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to shipwreck. 這位女記者想寫篇文章， 以便能夠引起公眾對那起沉船事件的 注意。（譯成目的狀語從句） 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 1. A

15、rocket engine can work in space where there is no air. 2. She has invited me to visit her family, which is very kind of her . 3. Hewould be a short-sighted man who did not look beyond. 4. There is something original, independentand heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 5. Here is the man w

16、hom you have been looking for. 6. Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 第六章：常見句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 練習(xí) 1.火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)能在沒有空氣的沒有空氣的太空中工作。 2.她邀請我訪問她的家， 這使我感激不已這使我感激不已。 3.人若是不開闊眼界，就會(huì)變得鼠目寸光。 （譯成條件狀從） 4.這個(gè)方案富有創(chuàng)造性，別出心裁，又有魄 力，因此（使）他們都很高興。（譯成結(jié) 果狀從） 5.這就是你一直在找的你一直在找的人。 6.我們兩國是有著悠久友誼的鄰邦。 第六章：常見

17、句型的翻譯定語從句的翻譯 練習(xí)答案 ?I. 按照原文順序譯出狀語從句 1. If you do not mind, I will turn off the heating. 如果你不介意，我就把暖氣關(guān)上了。 2. As far as I know, there isn t such a word in English. 據(jù)我所知， 英語里并沒有這個(gè)單詞。 狀語從句的翻譯 第六章：常見句型的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯 3. Where water resources are plentiful, hydroelectric power stations are being built in large

18、numbers. 哪里有充足的水源，哪里就在興建大批的水電站。 4. Wherever you work, you must always serve the people whole-heartedly. 不論你在哪里工作，你一直都要全心全意地為人民服 務(wù)。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯 5. Though he was defeated in the election, he became famous for his fiery speeches against slavery. 雖然他競選失敗了，卻以其反對蓄奴制度的激烈演說 而出了名。 ?II. 狀語從句譯在主句之前 6. S

19、he is sure to come unless she has some urgent business. 除非她有急事，她一定回來的。 第六章：常見句型的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯 7. Please turn off the light when you leave the dormitory. 離開宿舍，請關(guān)上電燈。 8. I will never give in, no matter what happens. 不管怎么樣，我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)屈服。 9. You should not get off until the bus stops. 車未停穩(wěn)之前，你不要下車。 10. It was be

20、tter in case they were captured. 第六章：常見句型的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯 ?III. 狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)譯成其他類型的狀語從句 11. Skill and patience will succeed where force fails. 在體力做不到的時(shí)候，技巧和耐心會(huì)幫助人成功。（地點(diǎn) 狀從譯為時(shí)間狀從） 12. Though not in substance,yet in form, economic reforms are at first a nation-wide revolution. 如果不就內(nèi)容而就形式而言，經(jīng)濟(jì)改革首先就是一場 全國性的革命。（讓步狀從譯

21、為條件狀從） 13. Why did you give up when you could make it? 既然你能成功，干嘛要放棄呢？（時(shí)間狀從譯為讓步狀從） 第六章：常見句型的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯 14. She sang resonantly, if slightly nasally. 她唱歌聲音洪亮，盡管鼻音略顯重了些。（條件狀從譯為讓步狀從） ?IV. 狀語從句譯成非狀語從句 15. The boy shouted as he ran. 那個(gè)男孩一邊跑，一邊喊。（譯成并列句） 第六章：常見句型的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯 16. If you melt two or more metals together, you can get a new metal. 將兩種以上的金屬熔化在一起，就可以產(chǎn)生一種新金屬。 （譯成復(fù)合句的主語） 17. The monkey was feeling a bit scared when suddenly the crocodile dived under the water. 猴子正感到有點(diǎn)兒害怕，鱷魚突然向水下潛去。 18. As he had lots of time, he decided to go to the embankment first. 時(shí)間還早，他決定先到河岸大道去一下。（內(nèi)含因果關(guān)系的并列