初中英語名詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題(2)

1、名詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)和講解一可數(shù)名詞（1）規(guī)則變化 : 一般在單數(shù)名詞詞尾加-s。如： map maps, boy boys, horse horses, table tables. 以 s, x, ch， sh 結(jié)尾的詞加 -es.如： class classes, boxboxes, watch watches, dishdishes. 以 o 結(jié)尾的名詞 , 有生命的加 -es, 如： tomato tomatoes potato potatoes,heroheroes;無生命的加 -s 如： photophotos, pianopianos.【快速記憶：詞尾字母若是o，常用三個(gè)已足夠，要加-e

2、s 請記好， hero, tomato, potato 。(英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿)?！?以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的名詞 ,變 y 為 i,再加 es。如： family families, city cities； 以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾的名詞 ,變 f 或 fe 為 v,再加 es。如： wolf wolves, lifelives, knife knives.以 -f 或-fe 結(jié)尾的名詞， 單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí)， 大多將 -f 或 -fe 變?yōu)?-ves, 常見的有： “小偷 (thief)的妻子 (wife) 用小刀 (knife) 和樹葉 (leaf) 把狼 (wolf) 放在架子 (shel

3、f)上，劈成了兩半(half),結(jié)束了它的生命(life) ?！币?-f 或-fe 結(jié)尾的名詞 ,直接在詞尾加 -s 的有：海灣 (gulfgulfs) 農(nóng)奴 (serfserfs)信 (beliefbeliefs) 酋長 (chiefchiefs) ，懸崖 (cliffcliffs) 證據(jù) (proofproofs) 上頂房 )即房頂、屋頂roofroofs)（ 2）不規(guī)則變化變元音字母： man-men; woman-women; goose-geese; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; mouse-mice單復(fù)數(shù)同行： fish; deer; sheep特殊： child

4、-childrenthis-these( 這些 )that -those(那些 )國人： Chinese Japanese； Englishman- Englishmen ;Frenchman-Frenchmen; German-Germans變中心詞： lookers-on( 旁觀者)； brothers-in-law (n.姐/ 妹夫 ) passers-by(過路人，行人)沒有中心詞的在詞尾加s。如： go-betweens( 媒人 )；grown-ups( 成人 ) ；1以 man 或 woman+n. 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞,兩個(gè)名詞都變復(fù)數(shù).如 : men drivers; women do

5、ctors二 .不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式 ,說明其數(shù)量時(shí) ,要用有關(guān)計(jì)量名詞 。量化單位通常有 pair, piece, cup, bottle, glass, box, bag 等等。如：a bag of rice two bags of rice, a piece of paper three pieces of paper, a bottle of milkbottles of milk.三. 在漢語中屬于可數(shù)范疇，但在英語中為不可數(shù)名詞的某些詞advice:忠告 bread : 面包c(diǎn)hocolate: 巧克力equipment: 設(shè)備damage:損壞food: 食物informa

6、tion: 消息furniture: 家具knowledge: 知識homework : 作業(yè)housework: 家務(wù) water: 水paper:紙progress:進(jìn)步rice: 米population: 人口milk: 牛奶四. 有些名詞雖然形式上是單數(shù)，但只看成復(fù)數(shù)mankind 人類people 人民police 警察五 . 多數(shù)集合名詞，即可看作單數(shù)（作為一個(gè)整體） ，做主語時(shí)，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。也可看作復(fù)數(shù)（表示集體中的各個(gè)成員） ，做主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。army 軍隊(duì)family 家group 小組eg: 1.Her family was well known in th

7、e region.她家在該地區(qū)是名門望族。2. His family all work in the city. 他的家人都在這個(gè)城市上班。3. The family is not large. 這個(gè)家庭不大。 （指家庭這個(gè)整體）4. The family are all music lovers. 這家人都是音樂愛好者。 （指家庭成員）六 .表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、度量的名詞可以與數(shù)詞一起組成定語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，中間用連字符號連接，并且名詞只能用單數(shù)形式。a three-year study一項(xiàng)為期三年的研究a ten-dollar bill一張十美元的鈔票七. 名詞所有格名詞所有格表示所屬關(guān)系,

8、 (相當(dāng)于漢語 “ 的 ”在),句中作定語、 賓語或主語。 其構(gòu)成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的東西的名詞常在詞尾加s。如：Childrens Day(兒童節(jié) ), my sisters book( 我姐姐的書 )(2)以 s 或 es 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,只在詞尾加 “ ”即可。如： Teachers Day; his parents room(3)在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)其它所修飾的詞如： the barbers 理發(fā)店the doctors（候診室）(4)如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有s，則表示 “分別有 ”；只有一個(gè) s，則表示 “共有 ”。如：Jo

9、hns and Marys room （兩間）John and Marys room （一間）(5)復(fù)合名詞或短語， s 加在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾。如：a month or twos vacation(6 雙重所有格： of + 名詞性物主代詞 of+ 名詞 s如：a friend of mine ( 我的一位朋友 ) , a friend of my fathers ( 我父親的一位朋友 )(7)無論表示有生命還是無生命的東西的名詞,一般均可用介詞of 短語來表示所屬關(guān)系。如：a good daughter of the Party(黨的好女兒 ); the title of the song(

10、歌名 );the cover of the book(書的封面 )。(8)有些表示時(shí)間、距離以及世界、國家、城鎮(zhèn)等無生命的名詞,也可在詞尾加 s. 如：todays newspaper( 今天的報(bào)紙 ), ten minutes walk(十分鐘的路程 ), Chinas population( 中國的人口 ).2一可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化1.map_girl_pen_bag_ car_2.bus_brush_watch_box_3.baby_city_country_4.hero_potato_zoo_tomato_photo_5.knife_leaf_wolf_wife_life_6.chi

11、ld_foot_ tooth_mouse_ man_7.German_Englishman_ Chinese_8.deer_sheep_yuan_中等題1. There are two_ over there. (watch)2. I like taking _. (photo)3. l can see a _and two _ standing there. (man, woman)4. There are two baskets of_ on the floor. (apple)5. Look at those_. (child)6. He doesnt like these_. (gla

12、ss)7. How many _can you see? (radio)8. There are more and more _ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman)9. Give me some _, please. (water)含性別的復(fù)合名詞1. There are twenty _ in our hospital.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctor2. _ are usually careful in doing exercises.A. Girl studentsB

13、. Girls studentsC. Girls studentsD.Girl s students可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化1. -What are these? -They are _.A. deersB. radiosC. RadioesD.tomatos2. How many _ are there in these _?A. tomatos, photosB. tomatoes, photosC. tomatoes, photoesD.potatos,photoes3. Mr. Chen has two _.A. toothsB. teethC. teethsD.toothes4. He

14、re are _ for you, Sue.A. potatosB. some potatoesC. three tomatosD. some tomato5. Then the _ began to eat the green _ of young trees.A. deer, leafsB. deer, leavesC. deer, leafD. deers, leafs國人復(fù)數(shù)變化專項(xiàng)1. I met some _ in the park and talked with them the other day.A. JapaneseB. AmericanC. ChinesesD. Engl

15、ish32.- Excuse me, are you _? - Yes, I m from _.A. Japan, JapaneseB. China, ChineseC. England, EnglishD.American, America3. A group of _are talking with two_ over there.A. Frenchmen, GermansB. Frenchmen, GermenC. Frenchmen, GermanD. Frenchmanes, Germans4. Yesterday a few _ came to visit some_ in Sha

16、ntou.A. German, places of interestB. Germans, places of interestsC. Germans, places of interestD. Germen, places of interest 。5. Two _ and five _ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.A. German, EnglishB. Germans, EnglishC. Germans, EnglishmenD. Germen, Englishmen復(fù)合名詞1. The delicious dishes are

17、 cooked by _.A. women cookersB. women cooksC .woman cooksD. woman cookers2. Julie went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes.A. shoes storeB. shoe s storeC. shoe storeD. shoes store簡單題1.After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some _ in the mall nearby. (08上海 )A. furnitureB. chairC. tableD. shelf2

18、. We haven t got much _ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07上海 )A. appleB. tomatoC. breadD. biscuit3. He knows _ Chinese and has _ Chinese friends.A. much, manyB. many, muchC. much, muchD. many, many4.I m thirsty. I think I ll buy some _.A. waterB. breadC. eggsD. apples5.-Would you like som

19、e _? -Oh, yes, just （只） a little.A. pearsB. orangesC. milkD. grapes6. Look ! There are some _on the floor.A childB boxesC waterD girl7. There are many _ in the fridge.A. fishB. fruitC. eggsD. bread8. Don t hurry! We still have _ time left.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few中等題1.Take some _ to school.

20、 It s so hot and you may feel thirsty.A. meatB. breadC. juiceD. orange2. We see many _ and _ on the hill.A. horses; sheepsB. horse; sheepC. horses; sheepD. horse, sheeps4.-Could I have something to eat? - Sure. Here s some.4A. chickenB. tomatoesC. orangeD. Potato2. There are _students playing in the

21、 playground.A. a great deal ofB. a large amount ofC. a large quantity ofD. a number of3.There is _milk and _apples in the fridge. Let s get some.A. little, a fewB. little, fewC. a little. fewD. few. a little?不可數(shù)名詞簡單題1. I ve read _ sports news about the F1 race today.A. twoB. piecesC. two piecesD. tw

22、o pieces of2. My teacher game me _.A. a good adviceB. some good advicesC. some good adviceD. good advices3. Usually, young people have black _ and old people have white _.A. hairs, onesB. hair, oneC. hair, onesD. hairs, one4.Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn t get _.A. much sleepB. man

23、y sleepsC. more sleepD. most sleep5. I think it is a wonderful _.A. workB. informationC. ideaD. news6. Have you found some _ on the leaves?A. drops of waterB. drops of watersC. drops waterD. drop of waters7. I want to buy _.A. two bottles of inkB. two bottle of inkC. two bottle of inksD. two bottles

24、 of inks中等題1. How many _ did you have for breakfast?A. loaves of breadB. loaves of breadsC. loafs of breadD. loaf of bread2. We are very happy with our _ in our studies.A. great progressesB. great progressC. many progressD. lot of progress3. Please pass me _. I will correct them.A. the test paperB.

25、some pieces of test paperC. the test papersD. some piece of test paper4. I d like to have a glass of milk and _.A. two breadsB. two pieces of breadsC. two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread5. He bought _.A. two pairs of shoesB. two pair of shoesC. two pairs of shoeD. two pair of shoe抽象名詞具體化1. They

26、 had _ climbing up to the top of the hill.A. good timeB. the good timeC. a good timeD. good times2. She has given us _.A. a great helpB. many helpsC. a large number of help D. a lot of help3. I have to write _, but I have _ to write _.A. a paper, no paper, onB. paper, no paper, withC. a paper, not a

27、ny papers, onD. a paper, not a paper, on簡單題4. This is _ room.5A. Tom and MarysB. Tom s and MaryCs. Tom s and MaryD. Tom and Mary5. _ mothers couldn t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu.A. Li Lei and Lucy.LisLeiB s and LucyC. Li Leis and LucyD. Li Lei and Lucy6. _ came to visit us t

28、his morning.A. My father friendB. friend of my fatherC. A friend of my fathersD. One of my father s friend7. It s only ten _ break.A. minutesB. minute sC. minutes D. minutes s5.Tom won the boysrace in our school sports meeting.A. 15000-metreB.15000-metresC.15000- metre sD.1500 meters6. Look at the s

29、hoes with adjustable heels. They are my _.A. sisterB. sister sC. sisters sD. sisters7. You must finish the work in_.A. three weeks timeB. three weeks timeC. three week s timeD. three-weeks time8. - Whose room is this? - It s _.A. Li MingB. Li Ming sC. Li MingsD. Li Mings中等題3. Look at the shoes. They

30、 are my _.A. sisterB. sistersC. sisters sD. sisters4. This is _ room. Come in, please.A. John and Joan ofB. John and Joan sC. John s and JoanD. Johns s and Joan3. We sell _ in our shop.A. woman and child s clothesB. women and children T shirtsC. women s and children s jacketsD. woman s and child s c

31、oats4. We had a good time during our _ holiday.A. two weeksB. two-weeksC. two- week sD. two weeks5. _ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and LilyB. Lucy and Lily sC. Lucy s and LilyD. Lucy s and Lilys5. I like that son of _.A. John s sisterB. John sister sC. John s sisterDs. John s sisters6. On _, all

32、 the children can play games all day.A. Children s DayB. Childrens Day C. The Children s Day.children day7. This is not my cap, but my _.A. brothersB. brother sC. brothersD. brother4. Toms car is more beautiful than_.A. his brothers and sisterB. his brother and sisterC. his brothers and sistersD. hi

33、s brothers and sisters5. I ll go and call at _ right after school.A. the doctorB. the SmithsC. SmithD.my uncles6()1.The old woman hason her nose.A. a glassB. a glassesC. a pair of glassesD. a pair of glass()2.Mathsnot easy to learn.A. beB. areC. isD. were()3.room is very big.A. Toms and JohnsB. Toms

34、 and JohnC.Tom and JohnsD.Tom and John()4.Sheepwhite and milkalso white.A.are; isB.is; areC. is; isD. are; are()5.These are new books. They arebooks.A. studentsB. studentssC. studentsD. student()6.What does the teacher say aboutlesson? And what about?A. Jim; youB. Jims; yourC. Jims; yoursD. Jims; yours()7.Thereshere. Please sit over there.A. not a roomB. not the roomC. no roomsD. no room()8.Are thereon that farm?A. a hundred sheepB. hundreds of cowsC. a few hundreds of horseD. hundreds of sheeps.()9.June 1st is.A. children dayB. Childrens DayC. Childrens DayD. Childrens Day()10.That pair