中考英語復(fù)習(xí)寶典定語從句考點(diǎn)和練習(xí)

1、中考英語復(fù)習(xí)寶典（一）：定語從句考點(diǎn)和練習(xí)中考對定語從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：1、定語從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)2、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用3、各個(gè)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法 考查的主要形式是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)肯定也要用到定語從句?！久麕熅v】一 . 定語從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)在復(fù)合句中， 修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。 被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。 定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know

2、 everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.二 . 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞用來引導(dǎo)定于從句， 在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用， 使二者聯(lián)系起來。 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 又在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系待客做主語，賓語，定語，關(guān)系副詞可作狀語。1. 作主語：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)須和先行詞一致。例如：I don

3、 t like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2. 作賓語She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.3. 作定語關(guān)系代詞 whose 在定語從句中作定語用。例如：Whats the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?The girl whose father is a teacher studies v

4、ery hard.4. 作狀語I ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.This is the house where I was born.三 . 各個(gè)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法1. who 指人，在定語從句中作主語。例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom 指人，在定語從句中作賓語。例如：Do you know the young man

5、 (whom) we met at the gate?Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.3. whose 指人，在定語從句中作定語。例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4. which 指物，在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book (which) the

6、 teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that 多指物，有時(shí)也指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：ews.I ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important nWho is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6. when 指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：I ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day whe

7、n I left.7. where 指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.四. 關(guān)系代詞 whom，which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時(shí)為了關(guān)系緊 湊也可以將whom與which與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，如：That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = Th

8、at was the roomwhich we had lived in for ten years.五. 具體使用時(shí)還要注意下列問題：1. 只能使用 that, 不用 which 的情況：(1) 先行詞是 all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything等不定代詞時(shí)。例如：All that he said is true.(2) 先行詞被 only, no, any, all, 等詞修飾時(shí)。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.(3) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞。例如

9、：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾的詞。This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5) 先行詞既包括人又包括物時(shí)。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.2. 只能用 which ，不用 that 的情況：(1) 在非限制性定語從中。例如：The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we

10、wanted.（2） 定語從句由介詞 +關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是物時(shí)。例如：The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.【中考范例】1. （2004 年哈爾濱中考試題 ）-Does the teacher know everybody planted the trees?-Yes, he does.A. which B. whose C. where D. who【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主 語，所以只有 who 合適。2. （2004 年常州市中

11、考試題 ）The letter I received from him yesterday is very important.A. who B. where C. what D. that【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是物，而關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語，所 以只有 that 合適。3. （2004 年揚(yáng)州市中考試題 ）-Where is the scientist gave us the talk yesterday?-He has gone back to Qinghua University.A. whom B. who C. whose D. whi

12、ch【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主 語，所以只有 who 合適。4. （2004 年益陽市中考試題 ）I hate people talk much but do little.A. whose B. whom C. which D. who【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主 語，所以只有 who 合適?！緷M分演練】一. 單項(xiàng)填空1. -Who is the man was talking to our English teacher?- Oh! It

13、 s Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. I hate the people dont help others when they are in trouble.A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner visited our school is from Canada.A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was an English school teacher loved climbin

14、g.A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place I have ever visited.A. there B. when C. where D. which6. Nobody knows the reason she didnt come to the meeting.A. that B. which C. why D. when7. The moon is a world there is no life.A. that B. which C. where D. why8. He has forgotten the day he arr

15、ived.A. when B. where C. that D. which9. He still remembers the days he spent with your family.A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, car had been stolen, came to the policeman.A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to the village his family once lived before liberation.A. that B. wh

16、ich C. when D. where12. This is the house I want to buy.A. in which B. that C. whose D. where13. This is the house our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didn t tell me the place he was born.A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in a small vill

17、age, was a long way from the railway station.A. that B. which C. where D. when二 . 用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞將下列每對句子連成一個(gè)復(fù)合句1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live

18、 there.4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle.8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.9. I p

19、refer the subject. The subject is science.10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.三 . 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1. The house we live in is very big.2. The boy is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present he gave me for my birthday.4. The man talked to you just now is an engineer.5.

20、He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory makes toys for children.9. Is this the place your father once lived?10. I ll never forget the days I joined the League.練習(xí)答案】一. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 1