中考英語必考之非謂語動詞考點概要

1、15透析中考英語語法非謂語動詞考點【非謂語動詞命題趨勢】根據(jù)對非謂語動詞部分全國各省、市中考試題的分析可知，今后該部分仍將是重點考查點之一。其考查重點為：1. it作形式主語、賓語的用法2. 感官動詞后不定式作賓語補足語和動詞ing形式作賓語補足語的用法；3. 動詞不定式與疑問代詞和疑問副詞的連用4. 一些特殊動詞的動詞不定式作賓語補足語時不帶to,但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時就要帶 to ;5. 有些動詞既可接不定式也可接動詞ing形式作賓語，但表達的意思不同。【考點詮釋】一、考查非謂語動詞用作主語不定式或動名詞用作主語，而分詞不能擔任句子中的主語。【考例】Its very nicepictures f

2、or me.天津A. of you to drawB. for you to drawC. for you draw ingD. ofyou draw ing答案:Ao 解析考查Its+形容詞+of/for sb. +to do sth.句中it為形式主語，to do是真正的 主語，當形容詞是表示品質意思時，應該用of sb ，其他形容詞用for sb ，故此題答案為A。二、考查非謂語動詞用作賓語【考例】一 Its a bit cold Would you mind myall the windows?一 Do as you like , please. 07 淄博市A . closeB wi

3、ll closeC. closingD . to close答案C 解析動詞mind意為“介意”，后跟動詞時，應使用ing形式。Mary and I enjoybadminton07 黔嶺東南州A . to playB playingC. played答案B解析enjoy后跟動詞的ing形式作賓語，即：enjoy doing something ,意為“喜歡（做） 某事”。-So hot in the classroom . Would you mindthe windows?0K. Ill do it right now .黃岡市A . not closingB not openingC c

4、losingD . opening答案D解析mi nd是中考的重點考查詞匯，其后跟v i ng表示“介意”。-Mr. Wang , I have troublethe text .一 Rememberit three times at least .威海市A . to understand; readingC understanding; to readB understanding ; readingD . to understand ; to read at night .答案C 解析have trouble doing something意為“做某事有困難”，所以答案在 B與C中。 re

5、member to do something 意為 “記得（去）做某事”，remember doing something 意為“記得做 過某事”，由對話的語境可知，前者正確。-How are you feeli ng here?-Its quite hot. I dont know to go or stay.武漢A. howB. whe nC. whetherD. where答案:Co 解析考查“疑問詞+動詞不定式”的用法。根據(jù)句意“我不知道是走還是留下 來。”故選C。Many people think its very important uslearn English well.貴陽A

6、. for, toB. to, toC. with, for答案:A。解析考查“主語 +feel/think/ make/ find +it +adj. +for sb. +to do sth.句中 it 為形 式賓語，to do是真正的賓語，”故此題答案為A。The menu has so many good things! I can decide.河北A. what to eatB. how to eatC. where to eatD. whe n to eat答案:A o 解析考查“疑問詞+動詞不定式”的用法。根據(jù)句意“我不能決定吃什么?！?故選A o12. -My dad boug

7、ht me a new MP4, but I don tknow.-Let read the instructions.河南課改試驗區(qū)A. what to useB. which one to useC. how to use itD. whe n touse it答案:Co 解析考查“疑問詞+動詞不定式”的用法。根據(jù)句意“我不知道如何使用” 故選C 13. It took my daughter two weeksthe novelsby Yand Hongying. 濰坊A. read; writte nB. to read; writte nC. readi ng; to write D

8、. to read; wrote答案:B 解析It takes +sb . +some time +to do sth .表示花費多長時間做某事，novel與write的關系是動賓關系，應用過去分詞，表示被動。故答案為BDrivers are warnedwhen they are tired.佛山A. to driveB. not driveC. not to drive答案:C 解析考查動詞不定式的否定結構。否定形式是在to前面加not。故選CoIf you want to knowthe mobile phone, you better read the in struct ions f

9、irst.大連A. how to useB. how to makeC. where to mend D. where tobuy答案:A o 解析考查“疑問詞+動詞不定式”的用法。根據(jù)句意“如果你想要知道如何 使用手機的話，你最好先看一看說明書?！惫蔬x A。China will spe nd about 52 billi onyua nnew airports and _old ones in the west of China inthe 11th Five-Year Plan period（時期）.07 臨沂市A . repairing; buildingB to build ; rep

10、air C. building ; repairingD . to repair;build答案C解析本題主要是考查動詞 spe nd的用法。spe nd. doi ng somethi ng意為“花費 做某事”，由此可排除 B、D兩項。再從句意上看，應是“修建”新機場，“維修”舊機場。3. students should pay attention tothe teacher in class . 07 泰州市A . hearB1istentoC listening toD hearing of答案C解析本題考查了介詞后跟動詞的情況。pay attention to意為“注意”，其中to是介

11、詞，所以后面的動詞應使用動名詞形式。hear of意為“聽說”，與句意不符。三、考查非謂語動詞用作賓語補足語原則上，所有的非謂語動詞形式均可用作賓語補足語，其區(qū)別是：不定式表未來，現(xiàn)在分詞表進行，過去分詞表完成和被動?！究祭緼lice asked meanother bag for her.北京市課標卷A. getB. gotC. to getD. gett ing答案:C o 解析ask sb. to do sth .表示讓某人做某事，此句話的意思為：“愛麗絲叫我給她再帶一個包。”O(jiān)ur parents often tell us notalone in the river in summ

12、er. 長沙A. swimB. to swimC. swimmi ng答案:B o 解析考查動詞不定式作賓語補足語的用法。tell sb . to do sth .表示告訴某人做某事，tell后邊要加不定式，否定形式是在 to前面加not，根據(jù)題意，應選 B。-What did your sister say to you last ni ght?-She asked memy father her secret紹興A. to tell n otB. not to tellC. don tellD. n ot tell答案:Bo 解析tell sb . to do sth.表示告訴某人做某事，

13、tell后邊要加不定式，否定形式 是在to前面加not,根據(jù)題意，應選 BoBetty is often seenthe old man with his housework咸寧A. helpB. to helpC. helpedD. helps答案:B o 解析考查感官動詞后接動詞不定式的用法。在make, let, have等使役動詞和see,watch, notice, hear, listen to , look at, feel等感官動詞后的復合賓語中，動詞不定式不帶to。當使役動詞和感官動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式就成了主語補語，作主語補語的不定式必須加to。故選B oTime go

14、es by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make them how much they mean to us.哈爾濱A. to knowB. knowingC. know答案:Co 解析考查動詞不定式作賓語補足語的用法。make sb. do sth.表示“使某人”,故選C o-How do you feel when you see the national flag of China?-It makes usproud.包頭A. feelB. to feelC. feltD.

15、 feeli ng答案:A o 解析考查感官動詞后接動詞不定式的用法。在make, let, have等使役動詞和see, watch, notice, hear, listen to, look at, feel等感官動詞后的復合賓語中，動詞不定式不帶 to。故選Ao四、考查非謂語動詞用作定語【考例】 一Shopp ing with me?Sorry. I have a lot of clothes.（2004 江西省南昌）A . to washB . washedC. washD. to be washed答案:A命題立意:本題考查動詞不定式作定語的用法。試題解析:作定語用的不定式的邏輯主

16、語是句中主語或賓語時，就用主動式的不定式來表被動意義。故選Ao五、考查非謂語動詞用作狀語【考例】-Linda, I am very thirsty.-Lets go to the nearest supermarketsome drinks, OK?重慶A. buyB. boughtC. to buyD. buying答案:Co 解析考查不定式作目的狀語的用法。句意為：“咱們?nèi)プ罱某壥袌鲑I些飲料?！盜n orderthe word a friendly place, one must show a friendly face. 樂山A. makesB. mak ingC. to makeD

17、. make答案:Co 解析考查動詞不定式作目的狀語的特殊結構。in order to do sth.表示“為了 ”的意思，不定式作目的狀語。故選C。一 There goes the bell.一 Its time for class. Lets stop.福州市A . talkB to talkC. talkingD. not talk答案C解析動詞stop后既可接動詞不定式作賓語，即：stop to do sth ,也可以接動詞的一ing形式作定語，即：stop doing sth。前者表示停下來（開始）做后面的動作，后者表示停止當 前的動作。由語境“鈴響了，到了上課時間，應停止交談”可知

18、，應選C項。【語法回顧】動詞不定式動詞不定式由“ to+動詞原形”構成。其主動式有一般式、進行時、完成式和完成進行式。其被動式、進行式和完成式。如下表：時態(tài)語態(tài)主動被動一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have bee n done動詞不定式主動式的句法功能1動詞不定式作主語當動詞不定式作主語時，其謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。例如：To say something is one thing; to do it is another.說是一回事，做是另一回事。To help animals is helping people.（幫助動物就是幫助人 ）/_It is v

19、ery difficult （for us） to lear n Ch in ese well.（ 對于我們而言）學好漢語是非常的困難 ”It_took me half an hour to work out this problem.（解出這道題花了我一個小時的時間）當動詞不定式在句子中作主語時，通常使用it作形式主語而真正主語則是不定式或不定式短 語，以使句子保持平衡。例如：Its so nice to hear your voice. 聽至M爾的聲音真高興。It is not difficult to work out the problem.弄清這個節(jié)目的情況并不困難。Its very

20、 kind of you to help us. 他幫助我們，他真好。Its for sb.和 Its of sb.這樣的句子中，由于表語形容詞性質的不同，導致了不定式邏輯主語標志用for或of的區(qū)別。1） for sb.句型中的形容詞一般為表示事物的特征特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, in teresti ng, impossible 等： 例如：Its very hard for him to study two Ian guages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。2） of sb句型中的形容詞一般為表示性格，品德，心智能力，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的

21、形容詞，如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right 。例如：Its very nice of you to help me.你來幫助我，你真是太好了。2、動詞不定式作表語不定式可放在be動詞后面，形成表語。例如：My work is to clea n the room every day. 我的工作是每天清掃房間。His dream is to be a doctor.他的夢想是成為一名醫(yī)生。3、動詞不定式作賓語1）及物動詞 ask, agree, beg, care, choose, decide, expect, force, fail , he

22、sitate, claim , hope, lear n, long , man age, offer, prete nd, pla n, prepare, promise, refuse, want, wish 等要求動詞不定式作賓語。例如：We want to lear n some body Ian guage.我們想學習一點身勢語。She has decided to go to Guangzhou tomorrow.她已經(jīng)決定明天去廣州。No one can afford to buy such an expensive suit.沒有人能擔負起買如此昂貴的服裝。4、動詞不定式作賓語

23、補足語有的動詞后接帶to的動詞不定式作補語；有的動詞后接不帶to的動詞不定式。1） 能以帶 to 的不定式作賓補的動詞有： ask, allow , get, warn, tell, invite , force , oblige , beg, wish，want， like， hate, expect， encourage, advise， persuade, permit， request， order, cause, know , call on 等。例如：Would you like me to help you? 你要我?guī)兔?？Father will not allow us to

24、play on the street.2） 用不帶 to 的不定式作賓補的動詞有see, hear, watch , notice , observe, listen to , look at,feel, let, have , make等。但是，這類句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式符號to仍保留。例如：I saw him da nee.我看見他跳舞。=He was see n to dance.The boss made them work the whole night.老板讓他們整夜干活。=They were made to work the whole ni ght.5、動詞不定式與疑問詞、

25、介詞的連用（1）decide, find out , forget, know , learn, remember , wonder 等動詞常接疑問詞 + 動 詞不定式”這個結構，用作賓語。疑問詞一般是what , who （ m）, where , how , whether ,why , which。例如：Would you teach us how to drive a car? 你愿意教我們?nèi)绾伍_車嗎？Let me tell you what to do now.讓我來告訴你現(xiàn)在該做什么。當賓語是不定式（短語）時，如果其后有賓語補足語，則須用 it作形式賓語，而把真正的 賓語放在補語之

26、后，即：“主語+謂語+ it +賓補不定式（短語）”。常見的謂語動詞有think, make, feel, find, etc.例如：I dont think it is necessary to buy a bigger computer.我認為沒有必要買那個大功能的計算機。He found it important to study the situation in Russian.他發(fā)現(xiàn)研究俄國形勢非常重要。6、動詞不定式作定語不定式做定語通常要放在被修飾的詞后，往往表示未發(fā)生的動作。例如：I have a lot of work to do.我有許多事要做。There was noth

27、ing to bring home that morning. 那天早上（他回家時）兩手空空。7、動詞不定式作狀語不定式通常在句子里可作目的、條件、原因和結果狀語。1）目的狀語常用結構為 to do , only to do （僅僅為了） ，in order to do, so as to do, so （such） as to（如此以便）。例如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飛快地跑以便趕上第一班車。I come here only to say good-bye to you.我來僅僅是向你告另 U。2）作結果狀語，可以表示沒有預料到

28、的或事與愿違的結果，不定式要放在句子后面。I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)箱子不見了。He searched the room only to find nothi ng.他搜索了房間，沒發(fā)現(xiàn)什么。3）表原因rm glad to see you.見到你很高興。She wept to see the sight.她一看到這情形就哭了。4）表示理由和條件He must be a fool to say so.他可定是傻子才這樣說。You will do well to speak more carefully.如果你仔細說，你會做得更好。III.不定式的否定

29、和省略形式一、不定式的否定不定式的否定通常應直接在不定式前加否定詞not。注：否定詞never也可構成不定式的否 定形式。Tell him not to shut the window。讓他別關窗。She prete nded not to see me whe n I passed by.我走過的時候，她假裝沒看見。 關于too.to.表示否定的情況表示“如此.以致不能.，”一般表示否定。例如：He is too young to go to school.(=He is so young that he cant go to school.) 他年齡太小，不能上 學。She was too

30、 excited to say a word.(=She was so excited that she could not say a word.) 他激動的 連一句話也說不出來。二、不定式的省略形式1) 情態(tài)動詞(除ought夕卜)后。2) 使役動詞 let, have, make 后，感官動詞 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后。注意：被動語態(tài)中不能省去to。例如：I saw him da nee.我看見他跳舞。=He was see n to dan ce.The bo

31、ss made them work the whole night.老板讓他們整夜干活。=They were made to work the whole ni ght.3) would rather， had better 句型后4) Why/ why no 句型后5) help 后可帶 to,也可不帶 to, help sb (to)do sth：6) but和except后。but前是實義動詞 do時，后面出現(xiàn)的不定式不帶to。比較：He wants to do n othi ng but go out. 他只想出去玩。He wants to believe anything but t

32、o take the medici ne. 除了吃這藥，他什么都信。7) 由and, or和than連接的兩個不定式，第二個 to可以省去：8) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think等詞后作賓補時，可以省去to be。例如：He is supposed (to be) nice. 他應該是個好人。第二節(jié)動名詞1、動名詞作主語1)動名詞作主語與不定式作主語的區(qū)別。一般地說，動名詞表示抽象的、一般的行為，尤 其是強調(diào)多次性的動作；不定式表示具體的、某一次的動作，特別是將來的動作。例如：Checking information is very important.

33、 核實情況是非常重要的。Learning a foreign Ianguage is very useful to me.學習一門外語，來說是非常重要的。2、動名詞作賓語1) 有些動詞只能用動名詞作直接賓語，不能用不定式作直接賓語。如：admit,advise,avoid, consider, delay, finish , mind , miss,permit, practise, enjoy, resist, risk ,appreciate,imag ine, 例如：He finished reading the book yesterday.他昨天看完這本書。Have you cons

34、idered looking for one special friend?你是否考慮過找一位特別親密的朋友呢？2) 動名詞作介詞賓語的用法。be used to, preventfrom , depend on, feel like , be fond of, be proud of, put off,give up, devote on eself to , help yourself to , be busy in, be afraid of , apologize for 等。 例如：I dont feel like walking very much today.今天我不想走太多的路

35、。The Great Green will stop the wi nd from blowi ng the earth away.綠色長城將阻止風刮走土。 注意：動名詞前的介詞有時可以省略。如：have difficulty (in) doi ng ; have no trouble (in)doing; lose no time (in) doing; prevent/stop(from) doing; there is no use (in) doing 等。例如：I have some difficult in pronouncing some of the words in En g

36、lish.我發(fā)某些英語單詞的音有一些困難。The heavy rain kept them from going out. 大雨阻止了他們外出。We must stop them （from） making the same mistake again.我們必須防止犯同樣的錯誤。3）有些動詞即可用動名詞作直接賓語，也可以用不定式作直接賓語，兩者有著截然不同的 意義。（1） like，love，prefer，hate 等表示喜愛、厭惡、偏好的情感動詞，后跟不定式表示僅 一時的愛憎情感或指特定或具體某次行為”；后跟動名詞表示“抽象性的一種傾向、愛好或 習慣性的動作”例如：I dont like t

37、o read this novel.我不喜歡看這本小說。I dont like readi ng in bed.我不喜歡在床上看書。I prefer to work rather than sit idle.我情愿工作而不愿閑坐著。注意：這幾個詞前面有would， should時，后面都只跟不定式。例如：Would you like to dine out? 你愿意在外面吃頓飯嗎？remember 后用動名詞表示去做某一件事情”。例如：（2）動詞 remember， forget， stop， go on, try， regret，cant help 等既能以動詞不定式又能 以動名詞作賓語，但

38、表達的意思卻不同。與動詞不定式連用時，表示未完成的動作。例如：“記起過去做過的一件事”；后用動詞不定式表示“記住要Remember to go to the post office after school. 記著放學后去趟郵局。Dont you remember seeing the man before?你不記得以前見過那個人嗎？forget后用動詞不定式表示.“忘記要去做某件事情”；后用動名詞表示“忘記過去做過的 一件事情”。例如：The light in the office is still on. He forgot to tur n it off. 有做關燈的動作）He forg

39、ot turning the light off.stop后用動詞不定式表小 止正在做的事情”。例如：他忘記他已經(jīng)關了燈了。（已做過關燈的動作）“停下來做另一件事情”（停下來的目的）；后用動名詞表示“停辦公室的燈還在亮著，他忘記關了。（沒They stop to smoke a cigarette.他們停下來，抽了根煙。I must stop smok ing.我必須戒煙了。go on doing sth表示“繼續(xù)不停地做某事”或“一件事沒有做完，停頓后繼續(xù)做下去；與原來所做的事相同?！崩纾篈fter he had fini shed his maths， he we nt on to do

40、 his physics.做完數(shù)學后，他接著去做物理。Go on doing the other exercise after you have fini shed this one. 作完這個練習后，接著做其他 的練習try用動詞不定式表示“設法去做某件事情”；后用動名詞表示“試一試某種辦法”。例如：You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。I tried garde ning but did nt succeed.我試著種果木花卉，但未成功。mean后用動詞不定式表示“打算、想要做某事”；后用動名詞表示“意味著、意思是”。 例如：I meant to

41、 tell you yesterday ，but you were not in your office. 我打算昨天告訴你，但是你不在 辦公室。Missing the train means waiting for an hour錯過這趟火車就意味著還要等一個小時。cant help后用動詞不定式表示“不能幫助做.”。后用動名詞表示“禁不住.；不得不”。例如：He could nt help fin ish ing it.他不得不把這件事完成。We could nt help to finish it. 我們不能幫助完成這件事。be afraid doin g/to dobe afraid

42、to do 不敢，膽怯去做某事，是主觀上的原因不去做，意為怕”，be afraid of doing擔心出現(xiàn)doing的狀況、結果。doing是客觀上造成的，意為生怕，恐怕”。例如：She was afraid to wake her husband.她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。She was afraid of waking her husband.她生怕吵醒她丈夫。learn后跟不定式表示“學會了做某事”或“學著做某事”；跟動名詞表示“學過做某事”， 但不一定會了。例如：He has learned to type.他學會了打字。（指會使用打字機）He has learned typing.他學過

43、打字。（他不一定會使用打字機）4）動詞need, want, require，以及be worth之后動名詞的主動語態(tài)含有被動的意思，相當于不定式的被動語態(tài)。例如：His clothes n eed men di ng（to be men ded）.他的衣服需要縫補。Our teacher said that the way of study needed improving.老師說我們的這種學習方法需要改進。 These babies will require taking good care of.這些嬰兒需要纟田心照料。His talk is well worth liste ning

44、to.他的報告很值得一聽。3、動名詞的否定形式的表達方式動名詞否定結構由“ not+動名詞”構成。I regret not having worked（not working） hard at school. 我后悔過去上學時學習不努力。 It is no use buying books but not reading them.買了書去卩不讀是沒有什么用處的。第三節(jié)分詞分詞是非謂語動詞中的一種形式，是英語教學過程中的重點、 難點，也是歷屆高考考查語法點之一。分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種。它在句子里可作表語、賓語補足語定語和狀語。但要注意分詞具有主動和進行的意味而過去分詞卻具有被動和完成的

45、意味。一、分詞在句中的功能1分詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，多表示主語所具有的特征或性質，意為“令人怎樣.”，含主動意味。如: astonishing, disappointing , exciting , amusing, frightening , interesting , surprising , relaxing , shocking, tiring , worrying , puzzle; ing, moving ; 過去分詞作表語多表示主語的狀態(tài)，意 為對什么感受怎樣”，有被動意味。女口： ast oni shed, disappo in ted, excited, amused, f

46、righte ned ,interested, surprised, relaxed, shocked, tired, worried , puzzled, moved。例如： Our trip was disappointing.我們的這次旅行讓人失望。We was disappointed at our trip.我們對這次旅行感到失望。This story is interesting.這個故事有趣。I am interested in this story.我對這故事感興趣。2、分詞作賓語補足語分詞作賓語補足語時，也要注意主動與被動的關系這種關系主要體現(xiàn)在賓補與賓語之間的主 動與被動的

47、關系。Hes goi ng to have his hair cut.他將要去理發(fā)。I must get my bike repaired.我得去修理我的自行車。動詞have, let, make等也可帶用過去分詞表示的賓語補足語，在這種結構中主語通常不是 分詞所表示的動作的發(fā)出者。能帶分詞作賓語補足語的動詞常見的有：see, feel, watch ,make, let, have 等。例如：You often see musicians performing in the streets.你經(jīng)?？吹揭魳芳以诮稚涎葑唷e watched three old men sharing thei

48、r food with each other.我們觀看三個老人相互分享他們的食物。3、分詞作定語不及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表達強調(diào)動作正在進行，過去分詞強調(diào)完成；及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語強調(diào)主動，過去分詞強調(diào)被動。分詞的完成式一般不作定語。分詞作其他成分時，也是如此。分詞作定 語，單個的分詞作定語一般前置；分詞詞組，個別分詞如given, left等，修飾不定代詞等的分詞，作定語需后置。例如：We can see the risi ng su n.我們可以看到東升的旭日He is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人There was a girl sitt ing there.

49、 This is the questi on give n. There is nothing in teresti ng. 分詞作定語相當于定語從句，有個女孩坐在那里這是所給的問題沒有有趣的東西如 Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.Most of the people who were in vited to the party were famous scie ntists.分詞：包含現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。（高中學習重點） 主要區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞一般有主動的意思或表示動作正在進行的意思；過去分詞有被動或

50、動作已經(jīng)完成的意思。分詞可以有自己的賓語或狀語。 分詞或分詞短語在句子中作定語、狀語和復合賓語等。A 作定語：分詞作定語時，一般要放在修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語作定語時，則要放在所修飾的名詞之后。女口：I have got a running nose.（我流鼻涕 ）The woman running after the thief shouted very loudly , “ Stop the thief!跟著小偷追的婦女大 喊：捉小偷！）Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.（昨天我遇見了一個名叫布萊克先生的人）He only gave me a b

51、roke n glass, so I was very angry with him.（他只給了我一個壞玻璃杯，所以我很生他的氣）B 現(xiàn)在分詞可以作下列動詞的賓語補足語。（參考不定式作賓語補足語 ）謂語動詞（vt.）賓語賓語補足語keep（保持）/ see（看 到）/ hear（聽到）/ watch（注意到）/ feel（感覺到）sb./sth.（do）i ng如:Mum kept me working all the week.（媽媽讓我一個星期都在工作）When I entered the room, I saw Jack eating a big pear.（我進入房間時看到杰克正在吃一

52、只大梨 子）In the dark I felt somethi ng very cold movi ng on my foot.（ 黑暗之中我感到有個冷的東西在我的腳上移動）C 現(xiàn)在分詞可以作狀語，表示伴隨情況。如：She came into the classroom, holding a pile of papers in her hand.（他走進教室 ,手上抓著一沓 紙）/ I am very busy these days gett ing ready for the coming oral test.（這些日子我正忙著準備即將來到的口語考試）D 過去分詞可以作表語，放在連系動詞后

53、面，但要注意不要與被動語態(tài)混淆，主系表”主要表 示狀態(tài)，而被動語態(tài)則表示動作。 常用過去分詞作表語的結構有： be worried （焦慮）/ be pleased （高興）/ be tired （疲勞）/ get dressed （打扮好）/ get lost （迷路）/ get caught （遭遇）/ become frustrated （沮喪）/ become intereted in （對感興趣）等等。例略。E 過去分詞可以作賓語補足語。如：I had my hair cut this morning.（今天早上我讓人給我理了發(fā)）（注意：have sth. done表示動作由別人來做

54、 而have done sth.則為現(xiàn)在完成時的結構，兩個結構不可以混淆）【語法過關】1. Tom likes cars. He enjoysmodel cars of all kinds.A. collectsB. collect ingC. to collectD. collected2. The heavy snowstorm made the mountain climbershalfway.A. stopB. to stopC. stopp ingD. stopped3. I11 give a talk tomorrow. Im thinking about .A. what to

55、say B. how to sayC. what can I say4. My sister does nt like the dress. She thinks it makes herfat.D. how can I sayA. lookB. looksC. to lookD. looked5. You may beif you have aproblem.A. excit ing; excited B. excited; excit ingC. worryi ng; worried D. worried; worryi ng6。Chinas badminton team won the Sudirman Cup for the fifth time; they deserved.（ 湖北黃石）A. to reward B. rewardi ng C. to be rewarded D. being rewarded7. - Mum, Im hungry.-What about goi ng to McDon aldsA. eatB. to eat