常見情態(tài)動詞講解

1、常見情態(tài)動詞講解、情態(tài)動詞的定義：情態(tài)動詞有詞義，但它不能單獨(dú)作謂語，它必須和其他動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化；它的后面必須跟動詞原形二、情態(tài)動詞的種類：情態(tài)動詞詞義否定形式詞義can能夠，會cant不能，不會could能夠，會couldn t不能，不會may可以/must必須mustn t不允許，不能shall將，要shant將不要should應(yīng)該shouldn t不應(yīng)該n eed需要neednt不必would將會，愿wouldn t不會，不愿三、情態(tài)動詞的用法及主要句型：1、Can I help you?Yes, please. / No, thanks.2、Can + 主

2、語 + 動詞原形？ Yes,can. No,can t.3、Can I borrow your book?-Yes,of course.4、Can I write on the book?No, you can mustn t.5、Could Can you help me?- Yes,of course.Certainiy. Sure.6、Could Can you tell me the way to the Zoo?7、May I come in ?Come in, please.8、Sorry, please don t.9、May I have some Coke?- Yes, of

3、 course.10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -Speaking. Who s calling?11、should、shouldn 表示勸告:1) He should get up early.2) She shouldn t play computer game too much.12、Should + 主語 + 動詞原形? Yes,should. No,shouldn t.13、表示建議 你愿意嗎”-Would you like to go shopp ing with me?-Yes, I d love to. /Id love to. But

4、Im busy now.14、就餐用語 Would you like something to eatdrink? -Yes, I d like 15、 shall用于第一人稱(I, we),可以表示 將”和表示建議“好嗎？”1) Where shall we have dinner?2) Shall we go fishing? All right. OK. Good idea.16、Must + 主語 + 動詞原形？ -Yes,must.No,needn t. 四常見情態(tài)動詞的區(qū)別：1. can (could)1) 表示能力， could 主要指過去時(shí)間。Two eyes can see

5、more tha n one兩只眼比一只眼看得清。Could the girl read before she we nt to school?這女孩上學(xué)前能識字嗎？2) 表示可能(理論上或是邏輯判斷上) 。He can t (could n t) have eno ugh money for a new car.他不可能有足夠的錢買新車。3) 表示允許。Can I have a look at your new pen?我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？4) 表驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。Where can (could) they have go ne to?他 們

6、會去哪兒了呢？He cant (couldn t) be over sixty. 他不可能超過六十歲。How can you be so careless!你怎么這么粗心！5) 比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。Can (Could) you lend me a hand?幫我一把好嗎？2. may (might)1) 表允許， might 可以指過去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語氣更委婉。You may take whatever you like. 你喜歡什么就拿什么。He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告訴我可以在房間里抽煙。May (Mig

7、ht) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？在回答以may引起的問句時(shí)，多避免用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，如 Yes, please. / Certainly. /Please dont ./ You d better not. / No, you must nt.等，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或不客氣。2) 表可能(事實(shí)上)?？梢灾高^去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語氣更加不肯定。He may be at home. 他可能在家。She may not know about it. 她可能不知道這件事。They might be hav ing a mee

8、ti ng, but Im not sure.他們有可能在開會，不過我不肯定。3. must1）表示義務(wù)。意為 “必須 ”（主觀意志）。We must do everyth ing step by step.我們一切都必須循序漸進(jìn)地做。You must n ttalk to her like that .你不可能那樣對她說話。-Must we hand in our exercisebooks now? 我們現(xiàn)在就要交練習(xí)本嗎？-No, you needn t. /No, you don t hav6to.不必。（這種情況下，一般不用 mustn t）2）表示揣測。意為 “想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定 ”

9、等，只用于肯定句。He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他準(zhǔn)是病了。他的臉色蒼白。4. shall1）表征詢意見，用于第一、第三人稱疑問句。Shall I get you some tea? 我給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎？Shall the boy wait outside? 讓那男孩在外面等嗎？What shall we do this evening? 我們今晚做什么？2）表說話人的意愿，有 “命令、允諾、警告、決心 ”等意思，用于第二、第三人稱陳述句。You shall do as I say.按我說的做。（命令）You shall have my answer tomo

10、rrow. 你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)。 （允諾）He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他會后悔的，我告訴你。 （警告）Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我們執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。 （決心）5. will1）表意愿，用于各種人稱陳述句。I will do anything for you. 我愿為你做任何事。2）表請求，用于疑問句。Will you close the window? It s a bit cold. 請你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？有點(diǎn)冷。3）表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣

11、性動作。Fish will die out of water. 魚離開水就不能活。6. should1）表義務(wù)。意為 “應(yīng)該 ”（某件事宜于做），用于各種人稱。You shouldnt waste any time. 你不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。2）表推測，意為 “想必一定、照說應(yīng)該、估計(jì) ”等。They should be home by now. 照說他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。7. would1）表意愿。I said I would do anything for you. 我說過我愿意為你做任何事。 2）表委婉地提出請求、建議或看法。Would you like ano ther glass of

12、beer?再來杯啤酒好嗎？3）表過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或過去的一種傾向。Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻煩都會向她求助。他告 訴我盒子打不開了。相關(guān)練習(xí)（一）用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空。1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you .2. I use your car? Yes, you .3. I go home now? No, you stay here.4. My mother is ill. I stay at home and look

13、after her.5. you like some tea?6. You take more exercise.7. you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?8. The clock tell us the time.9. you like to go fishing with me?10. we play football this afternoon?（二）按要求改寫句子。1. I can run fast.I fast. （否定句 ）2. You must return the book now.（般疑問句） I the book now?

14、 No, you .3. He can play basketball well. （一般疑問句） he basketball well?4. They must take the books out of the room.（否定句）Theythe books out of the room.5. He should get up early. 否定句)Heget up late.(三) 單項(xiàng)選擇。B. Could C . CanB. do ntC. must n t()1. you like some milk ?A . Would()2. Wepick the flower in the

15、 park. A. can t7()3. We shouldmore trees, and we should nt cut any trees.A. pla ntB. pla nti ng C. pla nts()4. May I have some coffee?C. Yes,certai nly.A. Yes,you have.B. Yes,you can.()5. Shall we visit the factory?A. Yes,we do.B. Yes, we shall.C. All right.()6. Would you like someth ing to eat?A. Y

16、es,we would. B. Yes, I d like some cakes. C. Yes, of course.C. Yes .I d like some oran ge()7. What can I do for you?A. Yes,you can. B. No,I can do it.（四）根據(jù)所學(xué)情態(tài)動詞，填寫適當(dāng)形式。1) you like to go fishing with me?2) I go home now? No, youstay here.3) Youtake more exercise.4) The clocktell us the time.5) you t

17、ell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?6) My mother is ill. Istay at home and look after her.7) you like some tea?8) Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you9) I use your car? Yes, you.10) we play football this after noon?(五) 對劃線部分提問。1. We must nt sickJheJlowerj in the park.2. We should plant

18、more . trees.3. I would you like some cakes to eat?4. She could swim five years ago.5. We should protect an imalsbecausetheyareour. . good .friends6. Tom could go to the ci nema 電影院)with hissister.（六）圈出正確答案1) Lucy should her homework now.A. fini shesB. finishingC. fini shedD. finish2) My mother would back soon.A. cameB. comesC. comeD. will come3) Could youme a hand?A. givi ngB. givesC. give n4)Should Inow?A. startedB. starti ngC. start5)I tak