定語從句課件

1、精品教學(xué)課件設(shè)計| excellent teaching plan定語從句講義（一）定語從句一般由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)1、關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞必須位于從句之首， 主句先行詞之后， 起著連接先行詞和從句的作用 , 同時在從句中又充當句子成分。e.g. she is the girl who sings best of all. （關(guān)系代詞 who 在從句中作主語）the comrade with whom i came knows french.（ whom 在從句中作介詞

2、with 的賓語）3、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法：1）當先行詞為人時用who 作主語 , whom 作賓語；2）當先行詞為物或整個句子時用which, 可作主語或賓語；3）先行詞為人、物時用that, 可作主語或賓語；4） whose 用作定語，可指人或物；5）關(guān)系副詞 when （指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語，where （指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語） ， why （指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語） 。（二）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句1、限制性定語從句：從句與主句關(guān)系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，甚至不合邏輯。e.g. i was the only person in our o

3、ffice who was invited（. 去掉定語從句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定語從句：從句對先行詞關(guān)系不密切，去掉定從句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號隔開，不能that 用引導(dǎo)。e.g. tom s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and ni（ghwt.ho引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，整個句子可分成兩句來翻譯）（三）使用定語從句時特別注意的幾個問題1、 that 與 which 的區(qū)別。1）用that而不用 which的情況：先行詞為不定代詞 all, anything, nothing,; 先行詞有最高級修飾，有序數(shù)詞修飾

4、；先行詞有only, very, any等詞修飾； 先行詞既有人又有物時。e.g. there is nothing that can prevent him from doing it.the first place that they visited in guilin was elephant trunk hill.this is the best film that i have ever seen.mr. smith is the only foreigner that he knows.2）用which 而不用 that 的情況： 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句； 代表整個主句的意思； 介詞

5、 + 關(guān)系代詞。e.g. he had failed in the math exam, which made his father very angry.this is the room in which my father lived last year.3) as 引導(dǎo)定語從句時的用法as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句通常用于the same as, such 結(jié)卞勾審s e.g. i want the same shirt as my friend s.such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china. as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從

6、句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個句子。 通常用下列句型： as is known to all, as is said, as isreported, as is announced, as we all know, as i expect。e.g. as i expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.3) as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時與 which 的區(qū)別當主句和從句語義一致時，用 as;反之，用which來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。e.g. he made a long speech

7、, as we expected.he made a long speech, which was unexpected. 當非限制定語從句為否定時，常用 which 引導(dǎo)。e.g. tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn t like at all.2. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)由先行詞決定。e.g. the man who lives downstairs speaks english fluently.the students who are in grade three are going to

8、climb the hill tomorrow.3. 定語從句有時不直接緊靠先行詞，中間由一個定語、狀語或謂語隔開。e.g. there is an expression in his eyes that i can t understand.4. 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有時可以用 “介詞 + which ”來代替。e.g. october 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the people srepublic of china was founded.5. 當定語從句中謂語動詞是帶介詞或副詞的固定短語動詞時，短語動詞的各個固定部分不要拆開。e.g. the sick man whom she is looking after is her father.6. 介詞在關(guān)系代詞前，只能用 which和wh