[語(yǔ)言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全]公共英語(yǔ)四級(jí)分類模擬題18

1、書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學(xué)子：學(xué)業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語(yǔ)言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全公共英語(yǔ)四級(jí)分類模擬題18公共英語(yǔ)四級(jí)分類模擬題18Section Use of English Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very

2、 1 effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high 2 of very young people or of 3 too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than 4 there were an 5 spread age distribution. If the population grows raidly 6 natural increase, i.e., the number of births greatly 7 the n

3、umber of deaths, then as a total population increases the proportion of the workforce 8 . Sometimes a population is described as aging, 9 means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire 10 the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering

4、it to 11 those who are leaving it. The population is top heavy with older people. So the 12 of the population in the workforce declines when there is 13 a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate. The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the pop

5、ulation is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring 14 a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a 15 level of social services to the retired group. If the 16 are to be cared 17 in special ho

6、mes or hotels, finance must be 18 for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative 19 the total population, then the government tax receipts are relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be 20 more heavily. 1.A.littleB.ma

7、rkedC.muchD.lot答案:B2.A.portionB.correlationC.proportionD.approximation答案:C3.A.thoseB.onesC.whoD.that答案:A4.A.whenB.ifC.unlessD.otherwise答案:B5.A.evenlyB.oddlyC.smoothlyD.decently答案:A6.A.withB.toC.upD.from答案:D7.A.sustainsB.exceedsC.overwhelmsD.overthrows答案:B8.A.declinesB.refusesC.rejectsD.inclines答案:A9

8、.A.thisB.thatC.itD.which答案:D10.A.toB.intoC.fromD.out答案:C11.A.supplementB.replaceC.facilitateD.implement答案:B12.A.shareB.percentageC.allocationD.property答案:B13.A.neitherB.noneC.bothD.either答案:D14.A.withB.withoutC.uponD.after答案:B15.A.reasonableB.sensibleC.predictableD.workable答案:A16.A.agingB.agedC.reti

9、ringD.young答案:B17.A.forB.aboutC.ofD.after答案:A18.A.feasibleB.availableC.practicableD.tractable答案:B19.A.aboutB.toC.ofD.for答案:B20.A.loadedB.imposedC.taxedD.executed答案:CSection Reading ComprehensionPassage 1 Would you like to orbit the Earth inside the International Space Station? Now you can take a spa

10、ce holidayfor a price. This is due to a recent decision by top space officials of the United States, Russia, Canada, Japan and the European Space Agency. Last April, American businessman Dennis Tito reportedly paid between twelve million and twenty million dollars to spend one week on the Internatio

11、nal Space Station. NASA had strongly objected to the Russian plan to permit a civilian on the costly research vehicle. After two years of negotiations, space officials have agreed on a process to train private citizens to take trips to the International Space Station. NASA recently agreed to conditi

12、ons that will permit Russia to sell trips to the space station. The trips are planned by an American company called Space Adventures Limited of Arlington, Virginia. The company calls itself the worlds leading space tourism company. The company has sold a space trip to Mark Shuttle-worth , a South Af

13、rican businessman. In April, Mr Shuttleworth will be launched into space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Experts say the change in policy at NASA shows a new desire to use space vehicles for business and industrial purposes. In a speech to Congress last year, NASA official Michael Hawes

14、said that the space agency had not considered civilian travel as one of the industries it wanted to develop. However, Mr Hawes said that private space travel could now be done as long as safety measures are observed carefully. Yet, the average citizen will not be able to travel into space in the nea

15、r future. Space Adventures Limited sells a training program for space flight that costs two hundred thousand dollars. That price does not include the cost of the trip to the International Space Station. That holiday in space costs twenty million dollars. Candidates for adventure space travel trips m

16、ust be in excellent heaith and must pass difficult health tests. They must receive a lot of training. Besides, good English can help you prepare for a space holiday. This is because all successful candidates who wish to travel to the International Space Station must be able to read and speak English

17、. 1. At first, NASA is_private citizens space travel.A.forB.againstC.indifferent toD.hesitant about答案:B解析 分析推理題。文章第二段第二、三句說(shuō)：NASA had strongly objected to，即NASA開(kāi)始對(duì)于讓平民百姓去國(guó)際空間站是強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)的，兩年的談判后才轉(zhuǎn)變態(tài)度，因此選表示“反對(duì)”的against。2. The time between American businessman Dennis Titos and a South African businessman Mar

18、k Shuttleworths space travel is_.A.one yearB.two yearsC.three yearsD.four years答案:A分析推理題。第二段第一句指出：Last April，即美國(guó)商人Dennis Tito是去年四月去國(guó)際空間站的；而在第三段最后一句指出：In April，即Shuttleworth先生將于(今年)四月去國(guó)際空間站旅行。兩者之間的時(shí)間差距正好是一年，選A。3. NASA thinks space travellers must_to do private space travel.A.observe safety measures c

19、arefullyB.have a new desire to use space vehicles for civilian travelC.negotiate with Russia or NASAD.be as rich as Dennis Tito and Mark Shuttleworth答案:A解析 分析推理題。文章第四段首先通過(guò)專家的話解讀了NASA新政策的意思，然后用該機(jī)構(gòu)一位官員的話表明了NASA的態(tài)度。其中最后一句說(shuō)：as long as safety measures are observed carefully，表明了進(jìn)行太空旅行的條件：嚴(yán)格遵守安全措施，故選A。4. I

20、f a person really wants to go to the space station,he or she should spend_in total.A.$ 200000B.twelve million dollarsC.twenty million dollarsD.more than twenty million dollars答案:D解析 分析推理題。倒數(shù)第二段說(shuō)明了進(jìn)行太空旅行的費(fèi)用。其中第二句指出培訓(xùn)費(fèi)用是two hundred thousand dollars($200000)，而第三、四句說(shuō)這還不包括去空間站的費(fèi)用，在太空中度假的費(fèi)用是twenty million

21、 dollars($200000000)，因此總的費(fèi)用是二者之和，選D。5. Those who want to travel in the space should _.A.afford the expenses of the space tripB.pass the health check and physical trainingC.speak EnglishD.alI of the above答案:D解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后兩段說(shuō)明了太空旅行者必備的條件。倒數(shù)第二段說(shuō)明的是費(fèi)用(A)；最后一段第一句說(shuō)明的是健康(B)，第三、四句說(shuō)明要懂英語(yǔ)(C)，因此本題答案是D。Passage 2

22、In the 1960s the West Coast became an important center for rock music. Los Angeles and Southern California are famous for sunshine and surfing. There, a quieter kind of rock called surf rock became famous. The Beach Boys sang songs like Surfin U. S. A., California Girls and Fun, Fun, Fun. These song

23、s made people dream about the good life in California. San Francisco was a center for young people and rock music in the late 1960s. This was the time of the Vietnam War, student protest, hippies, and drugs. Hippies talked about love and peace. They wore brightly colored clothes and had long hair. T

24、hey listened to rock and folk-rock music. Drugs were a serious problem during that time. The deaths of three young rock stars, Janis Jopling, Jim Morrison and the great guitar player Jim Hendrix were all related to drugs. Not all of the rock musicians came from California or the U. S. A. That was th

25、e time of the great British rock groups like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. British rock musicians had a very important place in the rock music of the 1960s in America. Another kind of softer rock music was created by the singers. Singers like Joni Mitchell and James Taylor wrote their own lyri

26、cs and their own music. Their songs were about love and friendship, good and bad times. In the 1960s big rock concerts were very welcomed by everyone. The most famous concert was Woodstock. In 1969 in New York State, a million young people came together to hear the rock stars. This peaceful Woodstoc

27、k concert was the most important musical event of the 1960s. After World War a great number of black people moved from the South to the big industrial cities like New York, Detroit, and Philadelphia. Many black people lived in poor parts of the city such as Harlem in New York. Musicians wrote and sa

28、ng about life in the big cities. Life was difficult but music and dancing made it a little easier. Popular black music had a strong beat for dancing. At first this music was called rhythm and blues. The 1960s called it soul. In Detroit, a black musician named Berry Gordy set up an all black record c

29、ompany. It was called Motown. Motown or motor town is another name for Detroit, where cars are made. Most of the famous soul musicians like the Supremes, the Temptations, and the Jackson Five recorded with Motown. 1. Where in the United States did pop music first emerge?A.The West.B.New York.C.The S

30、outh.D.San Francisco.答案:A解析 文章第一句話：In the 1960s the west coast became an important center for rock music。2. What was the war affair in late 1960s that made many American young people love to take up pop music?A.The Korean War.B.The Word War .C.The Vietnam War.D.The Gulf War.答案:C解析 文章第二段第一行：This was

31、the time of the vietnam war。3. The term Hippies refers toA.three young rock stars.B.four Liverpool boys.C.the rock group of the Rolling Stones.D.the lost generation.答案:D解析 Hippies“嬉皮士”，文章第二段：Hippies talked about love and peace. They wore brightly colored clothes and had long hair由此可知，指迷失的一代。4. Ameri

32、can rock music of the 1960s was greatly influenced byA.American country music.B.British rock music.C.Hollywood film music.D.the Hippies.答案:B解析 文章第四段：British rock musicians had a very important place in the rock music of the 1960s in America。5. How did the black people feel about the pop music in the

33、 1960s?A.Terrible.B.Humiliating.C.Enjoyable.D.Holy.答案:C解析 文章第七段最后一句：Life was difficult but music and dancing made it a little easier。Passage 3 Opinion polls are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is proba

34、bly here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely. But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not create conditions in which many of us

35、 can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighbourhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centres of production and work? The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most peoples work has taken the form

36、of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed. This seems a discouraging thought. Bat, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work: Universal employment, as its history shows, has

37、not meant economic freedom. Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage indust

38、ries and removed work from peoples homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people travelled longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many peoples work lost all connection with their home lives and places in which they lived. Meanwhile, employment

39、 put women at a disadvantage. It became customary for the husband to go out paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the impractical goal of creating jobs fo

40、r all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs. 1. What idea did the author derive from the recent opinion polls?A.New jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures.B.Available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of

41、the population.C.The present high unemployment figures are a fact of life.D.Jobs available must be distributed among more people.答案:D解析 文章第一段的第二句說(shuō)“這就意味著我們不得不尋找途徑來(lái)更廣泛地分享可以獲得的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”，由此可見(jiàn)，本題正確答案應(yīng)當(dāng)為D。2. The passage suggests that we should now re-examine our thinking about work and _.A.be prepared to fill

42、 in time by taking up houseworkB.set up smaller private enterprises so that we in turn can employ othersC.create more factories in order to increase our productivityD.be prepared to admit that being employed is not the only kind of work答案:D解析 根據(jù)第二段所提出的3個(gè)反問(wèn)句，我們可以看出作者想要表達(dá)的是，就業(yè)并不是惟一的工作機(jī)會(huì)。所以D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。3.

43、The passage tells us that the arrival of the industrial age meant that _.A.economic freedom came within everyones reachB.patterns of work were fundamentally changedC.to survive, everyone had to find a jobD.universal employment guaranteed prosperity答案:C解析 根據(jù)第三段的第一和第二句話，作者說(shuō)雖然工業(yè)時(shí)代即將結(jié)束，但它所帶來(lái)的工作方式的變化卻可以保

44、持下來(lái)。由此可見(jiàn)，工業(yè)時(shí)代帶來(lái)了工作方式的轉(zhuǎn)變。因此B為正確答案。4. As a result of the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries, _.A.people were not adequately compensated for the loss of their landB.people were no longer legally entitled to reclaim landC.people were badly paid for the work they managed to findD.people were force

45、d to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselves答案:D解析 此題所涉及的相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)在文章的第四段。從原文可以看到，圈地運(yùn)動(dòng)剝奪了人們的土地，也剝奪了他們自立的生活方式，使得他們不得不依靠就業(yè)來(lái)生活。由此可見(jiàn)，本題的正確答案應(yīng)當(dāng)為D。5. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A.People should start to support themselves by learning a practical skill.B.The creation of jo

46、bs for all is an impossibility.C.We should help people to get full-time jobs.D.We must make every effort to solve the problem of unemployment.答案:B解析 根據(jù)文章的最后一句話中“.the impractical goal of creating jobs for all，.”，可見(jiàn)B選項(xiàng)與原文相符。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均在原文中找不到相應(yīng)的意思。所以本題的正確答案為B。Passage 4 Nelson Mandela, the remarkable South

47、 African who passed away on Thursday at 95, has made a great contribution to the world, especially to his motherland. Mandela led his people to freedom, ending the apartheid rule of South Africas brutal white-minority regime. But neither of those men, nor the others mentioned here, was put to such a

48、n extraordinary personal test. All you need to know to grasp the uniqueness of Mandela is this: he spent 27 years in prison, most of them in solitary confinement pounding rocks at the notorious Robben Island prison. He was given no hope and allowed little contact with the outside world. Yet instead

49、of yielding to his plightor betraying his cause by speaking a few words that could have set him freehe persevered, leading in absentia against all odds and emerging victories. At his moment of triumph, with the presidency of South Africa in his hands, he sought not revenge for all that had been done

50、 to him but racial peace for his people, black or white, which incredibly he achieved. Such is the power of historys few truly great leaders and the examples they set. If Mandela could suffer as he did without seeking vengeance, then how could others do any less? And how could the nations fearful an

51、d suspicious white minority turn away the olive branch? Whether Mandelas legacy can endure remains an open question. Unlike the United States at its founding, South Africa has not been blessed with a succession of great leaders. Since Mandelas retirement in 1999, the presidency has been held by a su

52、ccession of lackluster men, and so the deep problems left behind by apartheid have festered. Crime and illiteracy are rampant, as is corruption. The unemployment rate is 25%, and far worse among the young. Life expectancy, barely over 50 years, is among the worlds lowest. As long as Mandela survived

53、, even with his capacity ravaged by his age and the harshness of his life, the simmering South African cauldron could not bubble over. No one dared upset their beloved Madiba. Perhaps that cannot last. What South Africa needs, like so many other strife-torn nations, is another Mandela. But such lead

54、ers are the rarest of things. But they are remembered, admired to the extent that they are emulated, their impact lives on. No one will soon forget Nelson Mandela, if not the greatest man of the 20th century, certainly the most extraordinary. 1. Based on the first 2 paragraphs, which of the followin

55、g is true?A.Mandela submitted himself to difficulty.B.One third of Mandelas life was spent in prison.C.Mandela hasnt finished the apartheid in South Africa.D.Mandela bears no revenge against those who have tortured him.答案:D解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段第三句“Yet instead of yielding to his plight.”可知：曼德拉在苦難面前并沒(méi)有屈服，這與A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容

56、不符。由第一段第一句“Nelson Mandela, the remarkable South African who passed away on Thursday at 95.”以及第二段第一句“.he spent 27 years in prison.”可知：曼德拉活了95歲，在羅本島上呆了27年，他坐牢的時(shí)間并沒(méi)有達(dá)到生命的三分之一，這與B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不符。由第一段第二句“.ending the apartheid rule of South Africas brutal white-minority regime.”可知：曼德拉結(jié)束了南非的種族隔離制度，這與C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不符。由第三段第一句話“.he sought not revenge for all that had been done to him but racial peace for his people, black and white, which incredibly he achieved.”可知：曼德拉并沒(méi)有報(bào)復(fù)那些曾經(jīng)迫害過(guò)他的人，這與D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。所以本題正確答案是D。2. Which of the following can NOT be classified as the u