英國(guó)文學(xué)簡(jiǎn)史問(wèn)答題期末考試復(fù)習(xí)提綱

1、1. How much do you know about the English literature in the Romantic Age?The Romantic Age in England was like the Elizabethan Age, distinctively an age of poetry. It was regarded as the second great age in English literary history; for poetry is the highest form of literary expression, and seems to

2、have been most in harmony with the noblest powers of the English genius. The glory of the age is in the poetry of Scott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelly, Keats, Moore, and Southe；yWomen novelists appeared in this age. It was during this period that women assumed for the first time, an important

3、 place in English literature. Mrs. Anne Radcliff was one of the most successful writers of the school of exaggeratedromance. Jane Austen offered us her charming descriptions of everyday life in her enduring work her masterpiecePride and Prejudice;The greatest historical novelist Walter Scott also ap

4、peared in this period. His historical novels combine a romantic atmosphere with a realistic description of historical background and common people life. Scott marked the transition from romanticism to the period of realism which followed it;Romantic prose was represented by Lamb, Hazlitt, De Quincey

5、 and Hume. Lamb was the best essayist, whose familiar essays are very famous.3. What are the major features of Dickens novels?Dickensnovels offer a most complete and realistic picture of the English bourgeois society of his age. His novels tell much of the unhappy experiences of his own childhood. T

6、hey reflect the protest of the people against capitalist exploitation, and criticize the vices of capitalist society.The success of Dickens novels also lies in his character-portrayal. Not only are the major characters in his novels very carefully delineated and given distinctive individual characte

7、ristics but also his minor figures create in the readersmind strong impressions of their personalities. Some of Dickenscharacters are really such “typical characters under typical circumstances”that they become proverbial or are representative of a whole group of similar persons.Dickens is a great h

8、umorist and satirist. His novels are full of humor and satireDickens is not especially known for the construction of plot in his novels. There is in his novels often more than one minor thread of story beside the major one, and these threads are generally very loosely woven together. He seems to lov

9、e a complicated and involved plot.In almost every one of Dickensnovels there is a happy ending, which points to the authors optimism which is an admirable thing for a critical realist because that means his still has his hopes after seeing the gloomy world all around him and one hand, and as a petty

10、-bourgeois intellectual, could not overstep the limits of his class on the other hand. Ano ther feature in Dicke ns no vels is his adroit use of Ian guage. On the whole Dickens has a richness of expressions and generally succeeds in using the right words and phrases at the right moments for the righ

11、t characters to attain the right effects.12. What arethe characteristics of Dicke ns（同第三題？2. What are the chief characteristics of the 18th entury literature in England?The main literary stream of the 18th century was realism. What the writers described in their works were social realities. The main

12、 characters were usually common men. Most of the writers concentrated their attention on daily life;The 18th century was an age of prose. A group of excellent prose writers, such as Addison, Steele, Swift, Fielding were produced;Novel writing made a big advance on this century. The main characters i

13、n the novels were no longer kings and nobles but the common people;In this age satire was much used in writing. Since there was fierce strife of the political parties in society, nearly every writer of the century was employed and rewarded by Whigs or Tories for satirizing their enemies. English lit

14、erature of this age produced some excellent satirists, such as Pope, Swift and Fielding.14. What are the chief characteristics of the 18tce ntury literature in En gla nd? 同第二題4. What are the major features of Shakespeares dramatic works?Shakespeare is a realist. He is one of the founders of realism

15、in English literature.His plays are mirrors of his age. He described the decaying of the feudal society and the rising of the bourgeois spirit. His comedies reflect lives of the young men and women who just freed themselves from the fetters of feudalism and who were striving for individual emancipat

16、ion. His comedies lay emphasis on emancipation of women. In his tragedies Shakespeare depicted the life and death struggle between the humanists the newly emerging forces and the corrupted king and his feudal followers the dark power of the town, and also the contradictions between the rich and poor

17、.The stories of Shakespeares plays often took place in other countries or in the past instead of in England or in his own age. Yet the thought and the feelings of his characters and their attitudes toward life belong to the age of Shakespeare. In fact, his characters are representatives of the peopl

18、e of his time.Shakespeares main charactersare depicted in typical situation. They are typical characters. Their fundamental traits are reveled in their conflicts with their surroundings, in their relations with their fellow men. Each of his characters is a representative of a group of men.Shakespear

19、esdramatic form fits the content of his plays very well. His plays are not controlled by the roles of the classical unities of time, plays and action.Shakespeare was a great master of English language. The language of each of his characters fits his position in society and revels the peculiarities o

20、f his character. Bla nk verse is the prin ciple form of his dramas. One very striki ng phe nomenon in connection with Shakespeare character-portrayal is his emphasis on the psychological make-up of his major characters.6. What are the major features of Dicke nss?（同第三Hl）5. How much do you know about

21、MiltonParasdise Lost?Paradise Lost is the greatest English epic, consisting of 12 books and done in blank words. The stories were taken from the Old Testament: The Creation; the rebellion in Heaven of Satan and his fellow-angles; their defeat and expulsion from Heaven; the creation of the earth and

22、of Adam and Eve; the fallen angles in hell plotting against God; Satans temptation of Eve; and the departure of Adam and Eve from Eden.The main idea of the poem is the heroic revolt against Gods authority.Adam and Eve embody Milton s belief in powers of man their caving for knowledge adds a particul

23、ar significance to their character. It is this longing for knowledge that opens before mankind a wide road to an intelligent and active life. The picture of God surrounded by his angles resembles the court of an absolute monarchy, while Satan and his followers bear resemblance to a republican parlia

24、ment. This alone is sufficient to prove that Milton s revolutionary feelings made him forget religious orthodoxy.Satan is the real hero of the poem, and represents the spirit of rebellion against an unjust authority.13. How much do you kn ow about Milt on Paradise Lost ?同第五題)7. How much do you know

25、about Wordsworth?Wordsworth was the representative of the first generation of Romantic poets, who expressedthe deepestaspirations of English Romanticism. He saw nature and men with new eyes. His whole work is an attempt to communicate that new vision.His poetry is distinguished by the simplicity and

26、 purity of his language. It was his theory that the language spoken by the peasants when purified from its defects was the best of all.His theory and practice in poetical creation started from a dissatisfaction with social reality under capitalism, and hinted at the thought of“back to nature”and “ba

27、ck to the patriarchal system of the old time”.Nearly all of his good poetry was written during the first decade of his literary career (1798-1807).His later writings were full of mysticism and many of them unreadable. LYRICAL BALLADS the joint work of Wordsworth and his friends Coleridge, marking th

28、e beginning of the Romantic Movement in England; the majority of the poems written by Wordsworth and Coleridges contribution being his masterpiece “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”;the poems characterized by a sympathy with the poor, simple peasants, a passionate love of nature and the simplicity an

29、d purity of the language. Wordsworth was at his best in descriptions of mountains and rivers, flowers and birds, children and peasants, and reminiscences of his childhood and youth. He , as a great poet of nature, was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face wit

30、h natural phenomenon. Some of Wordsworths PRINCIPLE POEMS are Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey(1798), The Prelude(1805-1806), The Excursion(1814), and miscellaneous sonnets(written at different periods of his life).8. What are the major features of Milton s poetry?thMilton is a great r

31、evolutionary poet of the 17 th century. He is also an outstanding political pamphleteer of the Revolution Period. He dedicated himself to the revolutionary cause.Milton is a great stylist. His poetry has a grand style. His poetry is noted for sublimity of thought and majesty of expression.Milton is

32、a great mater of blank verse. He is the glorious pioneer to introduce blank verse into non-dramatic poetry. He has use it as the main tool in his masterpiece Paradise Lost. His blank verse is rich in every poetic quality and never monotonous. 11. What are the characteristics of Milt on同S第八effiy?9. W

33、hat are the major features of Chaucers writing?Chaucers major contribution to the English poetry is that the introduced from France the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter to English poetry.He is the first great poet who wrote in the current English language he wrote dialect of London.His poetry is

34、full of swiftness and vividness. Chaucers style in The Canterbury Talesis remarkably flexible.His prose, like his vocabulary, is easy and informal.Chaucer is a great satirist, but he is almost never bitter when he pokes fun at the foibles and weaknesses of people.15. What arethe chief characteristics of Chaucer s lite（同ry9）writing?10. How much do you know about Shelley?Shelley loved the people and hate their oppressors and exp