中考語法--非限制性定語從句（共21頁PPT）

1、Non-restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句 contents 1. 限制性定從與非限制性定從的區(qū)別限制性定從與非限制性定從的區(qū)別 1). 意思意思 2). 引導詞引導詞 3). 關系代詞的省略關系代詞的省略 4). 先行詞先行詞 5). 不定代詞不定代詞/數詞數詞+of which/whom 結構結構 2. 限制性定從和非限制性定從小結限制性定從和非限制性定從小結 3. 練習練習 請把我桌子上的書遞給我。請把我桌子上的書遞給我。 Translate: Please pass me the book which/that is on m

2、y desk. Please pass me my Chinese book, which is on my desk. 請把我的語文書遞給我，它在我桌子請把我的語文書遞給我，它在我桌子 上。上。 非限制性定語從句是對先行詞的非限制性定語從句是對先行詞的附加說明附加說明， 去掉去掉之后，意思之后，意思明確明確，與主句通常用，與主句通常用 “，” 隔開，把非限制性定語從句放在句子中，其隔開，把非限制性定語從句放在句子中，其 前后都需要用逗號隔開。前后都需要用逗號隔開。 限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分， 去掉去掉之后，主句意思之后，主句意思不明確不明確。

3、 先行詞不唯一，先行詞不唯一， 縮小范圍，限縮小范圍，限 定。定。 先行詞唯一，沒必要限先行詞唯一，沒必要限 定，為附加說明。定，為附加說明。 1. 限制性定從和非限制性定從的區(qū)分限制性定從和非限制性定從的區(qū)分 I love my girlfriend, who is beautiful. I love my girlfriend who is beautiful. I love China, which is a great country. I love China which is a great country. Which one is reasonable(合理合理 的的)? 1)

4、. 意思不同意思不同 限制性定從限制性定從 關代關代: that, which, who, whom, as 關副關副: when, where, why =介詞+which 關形關形: whose = of which, of whom 2). 引導詞不同引導詞不同 _ 非限制性定從非限制性定從 關代關代: that, which, who, whom, as 關副關副: when, where, why =介詞+which 關形關形: whose = of which, of whom for which The car, which I bought last year, does no

5、t work. The car, I bought last year, does not work. The car I bought last year does not work. The car which/that I bought last year does not work. 3). 先行詞的省略不同先行詞的省略不同 限制性定從中，關系詞作賓語，限制性定從中，關系詞作賓語，可省略可省略。 非限制性定從中，關系詞作賓語，非限制性定從中，關系詞作賓語，也不可省略也不可省略。 True or False? Huang Chudong won the first prize in pu

6、ll-up competition, which surprised us. The Peoples Republic of China has existed(存 在) for 70 years, as we all know. 4). 先行詞不同先行詞不同 非限制性定從的先行詞非限制性定從的先行詞可以為可以為整個句整個句 子。子。限制性定從的先行詞限制性定從的先行詞不可為不可為整個句整個句 子。子。 As we all know, the Peoples Republic of China has existed(存在) for 70 years. Think: 1. 為什么只能用as或w

7、hich引導？ 2. 為什么限制性定從的先行詞不能為一個句 子？ 2. as或which指代句子時用法有無差別？ 非限制性定從的先行詞為主句時非限制性定從的先行詞為主句時, 只可只可 用用as 或或which引導定從。引導定從。 asas 位置位置：可置于主句前、中、 后。 先行詞：先行詞：通常為整個主句 含義：含義：“正如，如同” _ whichwhich 位置位置：置于主句之后 先行詞先行詞：可以是主句中的 一個詞、主句的部分內 容、甚至整個主句 含義：含義：“這，那（件事）” as和和which引導非引導非限制性限制性定從的區(qū)別：定從的區(qū)別： 1._ we all know, the e

8、arth is round. 2. Tom won the competition, _ we had expected. 3. Global warming, _we all know, has caused a lot of natural disasters. as _ _ _ _ 4. These apple trees, _ I planted three years ago, have not produced any fruits. 5. The lazy boy got the highest score in the test, _ surprised me. 6. John

9、 passed the exam, _ made his parents very pleased. 7. He said that he had never seen her before, _is not true. which _ _ _ _ The students in our class, many of whom are not bad at Maths, want to improve their Maths. China has 34 provinces, some of which are pretty poor. 5). all/some/many./數詞等數詞等+of

10、which/whom 為非限制性定從，限制性定從沒有這種結構為非限制性定從，限制性定從沒有這種結構 aaa aaa 區(qū)分點區(qū)分點限制性定從限制性定從非限制性定從非限制性定從 限制程度限制程度 句子結構句子結構（區(qū)分標志）（區(qū)分標志） that的使用的使用 which/who/whom在在定定 從中作賓語可否省略從中作賓語可否省略 whom在從句中作賓語在從句中作賓語 可否用可否用that/who代替代替 能否修飾句子能否修飾句子 2. 限制性定從和非限制性定從限制性定從和非限制性定從 去掉意思不明確去掉意思不明確 不可省略不可省略 as, which引導引導 無逗號無逗號 不可使用不可使用 去

11、掉意思不明確去掉意思不明確 可使用可使用 有逗號有逗號 不可替代不可替代 可以省略可以省略 可替代可替代 不能不能 1. Leiyang No.1 High School _was founded in 1902, has a history of 117 years. Exercises: Fill the blanks. , which which /that 3. Leiyang No.1 High School _ I studied for 6 years, has a history of 117 years. 2. The school _ was founded in 1902

12、 has a history of 117 years. , where 4. The school _ I studied for 6 years has a history of 117 years. where 1. I like girls _has black and long hair. Exercises:Fill the blanks. who/that 3. I like the girl under the tree _ has black and long hair. 2. I like girls _hair is black and long. whose 4. I

13、like the girl under the tree _ hair is black and long. ,whose , who 1. 2019_we took the entrance exam to high school, is an unforgettable year for me. Exercises: Fill the blanks. ,when 3. 2019_ is my lucky year, is an unforgettable year for me. 2. The year _ we took the entrance exam to high school

14、is an unforgettable year for me. when 4. The year _ is my lucky year is an unforgettable year for me. which/that ,which 1. Do you know Tom, who we talked about? True or false. whom 3. Tsinghua Universting which is the top university in China attracts a large number of students. 2. This book, that you can get at any shop, will give you useful information. which 4. The Shenlong Square, plenty of Leiyang local aunties visited, was founded in memory of Shennong. ,which , which 5. Which we had expected, he did not believe us. True or false. As 7. He met President Xi, who is the le