中考英語專題復習一：名詞導學案

1、2011屆中考英語專題復習一：名詞考點導學案【學習目標】：1.通過復習，學生能清楚名詞的概念和用法； 2.了解可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞及名詞所有格的構(gòu)成及用法. 3名詞變復數(shù)的方法；【學習重、難點】：名詞的數(shù)及名詞所有格。【學習過程】：step i 自主梳理根據(jù)名詞的基本知識填空 一、名詞的數(shù)名詞分為_名詞和_名詞。可數(shù)名詞有_和_兩種形式。1.復數(shù)形式通常是在單數(shù)形式后加詞尾“-s”構(gòu)成，其主要變法如下：（1）一般情況在詞尾加_；（2） 以s，x，ch，sh，結(jié)尾的詞加_；（3）以ce, se, ze,（d）ge結(jié)尾的名詞加_；（4）以輔音母加y結(jié)尾的詞_；（5）以o結(jié)尾加-es的詞有_、_、_

2、；（6） 以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變_；（7）少數(shù)名詞有不規(guī)則的復數(shù)形式，例如：man_，woman_，tooth_，foot_，child_，mouse_.【注意：man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復數(shù)形式也是-men和-women。例如：an englishman，two englishmen。但german不是合成詞，故復數(shù)形式為 germans；man, woman等作定語時，它的單復數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定，如：menworkers， women teachers。】有個別名詞單復數(shù)一樣，例如：chinese，japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。但當fish表示

3、不同種類的魚時，可以加復數(shù)詞尾。（8）單數(shù)形式但其意為復數(shù)的名詞有：people, police等。（9）數(shù)詞+名詞作定語時，這個名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式，中間加連字符。例如：10分鐘的路程:_, 一個八歲的小女孩：_。（10）還有些名詞僅有復數(shù)形式，如：shoes，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，pants等。（11）只用作單數(shù)的復數(shù)形式的名詞有：physics, maths，the united states, niagara falls,news等。2不可數(shù)名詞“量”的表示方法：（1）可用_, _, _,_, _等表示多少；（2）用a piece of 這類

4、定語，如“一張紙”：a piece of paper, 如果要表示“兩張紙”，則用_.二、名詞的所有格 名詞所有格，用來表示人或物的所有，以及領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系。1. 表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加_，其復數(shù)形式是_，例如：一個學生的房間：_，三個學生的房間：_.2. 如其結(jié)尾不是s的復數(shù)形式仍加_，如：兒童節(jié)：_.3. 在表示時間、距離、長度、重量、價格、世界、國家等名詞的所有格要用 s，例如：a twenty minutes walk，ten miles journey，a boats length，two pounds weight, ten dollars worth。4. 無生命名詞的

5、所有格則必須用of結(jié)構(gòu)，例如：一張中國地圖：_,我們國家的首都：_,花的顏色：_.5. 雙重所有格，例如：我爸爸的一個朋友：_.【注意:如果兩個名詞并列，并且分別有 s，則表示“分別有”，例如：johns and marys rooms（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）；toms and marys bikes（兩人各自的自行車）。兩個名詞并列，只有一個s，則表示“共有”，例如：john and marys room（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）；tom and marys mother（即tom與mary是兄妹）?！縮tep 實例解析 1.these _ have saved many children

6、s lives. a. woman doctors b. women doctor c. women doctors d. woman doctor該題考查的是名詞作定語時的變化。woman 作定語時要和被修飾的名詞保持數(shù)的一致。2.this is _ bedroom. the twin sisters like it very much. a. anne and jane b. annes and janes c. annes and jane d. anne and janes該題考查的是并列名詞的所有格。兩人共有一個房間時，只在后面的名詞后加s。 3.-are there any _ o

7、n the farm? -yes, there are some. a. horse b. duck c. chicken d. sheep該題考查的是特殊名詞的復數(shù)形式。從謂語動詞來判斷，主語應該是復數(shù)名詞。只有sheep可用作復數(shù)名詞。 4.-what would you like to drink, _ or orange? -orange, please. a. hamburger b. chip c. tea該題考查的是名詞的類別。三種東西中只有tea能喝。step 中考演練一. 單項填空1- where have you been, tim? - ive been to _.a.

8、the henry house b. the henry family c. the henrys home d. henrys2in england, if _ is in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper.a. food b. lunch c. breakfast d. dinner3you looked for it twice, but you havent found it. why not try _ .a. three times b. a third time c. the third time d

9、. once4- they are thirsty. will you please give them _ ? - certainly.a. some bottles of waters b. some bottles of waterc. some bottle of water d. some bottle of waters5mike hurt one of his _ in the accident yesterday.a. tooth b. feet c. hand d. ear6there is some _ on the plate.a. cakes b. meat c. po

10、tato d. pears7in england, the last name is the _ .a. family name b. middle c. given name d. full name8the are going to fly _ to beijing.a. germen b. germany c. germanys d. germans9the_ has two _ .a. boys; watches b. boy; watch c. boy; watches d. boys; watch10the little baby has two _ already.a. toot

11、h b. tooths c. teeth d. teeths11whats your _ for being late again?a. idea b. key c. excuse d. news12- its dangerous here. wed better go out quickly.- but i think we should let _ go out first.a. woman and children b. women and childc. woman and child d. women and children13- you can see mr. smith if

12、there is a sign “_ ”on the door of his shop. - thanks.a.entrance b.business hours c.this side up d.no smoking14are they going to have a picnic on _ ?a. childrens day b. childrenss day c. childrens day d. children day15where are the students? are they in _ ?a. the room 406 b. room 406 c. the 406 room

13、 d. 406 room二. 根據(jù)下列句子的情景及所給漢語注釋，寫出所缺單詞。1. weve got a lot of new _(雜志) in our school library.2. please turn to another channel（頻道）, i dont like this _(節(jié)目).3. yesterday the _(航班) to london was put off because of the bad weather.4. autumn is my favourite (季節(jié)) 5. -how many _(小刀) do you have? -three.6. _

14、(電腦)are widely used in the modern world. 7. june 1st is _(兒童) day.8. mary, would you please tell me your new _(地址) so that i can write to you.9. -does this piece of _(音樂) sound nice? -yes. its wonderful!10. may 12th is the international _(護士) day. lets say “ thanks” to them for their work.三. 根據(jù)句意和所給

15、首字母寫出所缺的單詞。1. “whats your n_?” “l(fā)i lei.”2. how many d_ does your uncle have?3. please close the w_. its cold outside.4. if you want study english well, you must pay attention to your p_.5. a computer is one of the greatest i_ in the world.6. zhang hui is very excited. he will go to japan with his p_ during the spr