（推薦）初中虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)與答案(帶解析)

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解語(yǔ)氣 (mood) 是一種動(dòng)詞形式，用以表示說(shuō)話者的意圖或態(tài)度。 英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)氣有三種：陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。直陳語(yǔ)氣(indicative mood),表示所說(shuō)的話是事實(shí)。祈使語(yǔ)氣 (imperative mood),表示所說(shuō)的話是請(qǐng)求或命令。虛擬語(yǔ)氣(subjunctive mood),表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。一. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類：條件句有真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件句(或稱虛擬條件句)兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主

2、句都用陳述語(yǔ)氣。如： If it doesnt rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起來(lái)。虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（be的過(guò)去式用were）should （would, might， could）+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If 主語(yǔ) +had+過(guò)去分詞should （ would, might， could）+

3、have 過(guò)去分詞 與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反If 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（be的過(guò)去式用were）； should動(dòng)詞原形；were to動(dòng)詞原形should （would, might， could）+動(dòng)詞原形1. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 (be的過(guò)去式用were), 主句的謂語(yǔ)用should （would, might， could）+動(dòng)詞原形。如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話，我們就出去野餐了。（事實(shí)是：天在下雨，我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）If he came here

4、, he might be able to help you. 如果他來(lái)這，他就能夠幫助你了。（事實(shí)是：他沒(méi)來(lái)這，他不可能幫助你。表示對(duì)他的良好印象。）2. 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用had+過(guò)去分詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)用should （ would, might， could）+ have 過(guò)去分詞。如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話，她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了。（事實(shí)是：當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有人邀請(qǐng)她，因此，她沒(méi)有來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。表示后悔。）If she hadnt called me, I wou

5、ld have overslept this morning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的話，我就會(huì)睡過(guò)頭了。（事實(shí)是：她今天早上叫我了，我沒(méi)有睡過(guò)頭。表示感激。）3. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式用were)； should動(dòng)詞原形；were to動(dòng)詞原形，主句用should （would, might， could）+動(dòng)詞原形。如： If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French. 明年我要是二十歲，我就會(huì)學(xué)法語(yǔ)。（事實(shí)是：我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了，明

6、年我學(xué)不了法語(yǔ)了。） If it should fail, I would try again.要是失敗了，我會(huì)再試一次。（ 事實(shí)是：有可能失敗，可我會(huì)再試。表示未知。）虛擬語(yǔ)氣專練1. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2. You are late. If you _ had come _ a few minutes earlier you _ him. A

7、. come ,would meet B. had come, would have met C. come, will meet D. had come, would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4. It is important that I _ with Mr. Williams immediately. A.(should ) speak B. spoke C. will speak D.

8、 to speak 5. He looked as if he _ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been 6. If the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not _. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7. I wi

9、sh that I _ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could had gone 8.Lets say you could go there again how _ feel A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9.I cant stand him. He always talks as though he _ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10._ the fog w

10、e should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11.If you had told me in advance I _ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_ me h

11、ow. A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach 13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I _ so busy then.A. had been B. were C. was D. would be 14.Hes working hard for fear that he _. A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind 15. If

12、 it _ another ten minutes the game would have been called off. A. had rained B. would have rained C. have seen D. rained 16.He suggested that they _ use a trick instead of fighting. A. Should B. would C. do D. had 17.My father did not go to New York the doctor suggested that he _ there.A. not went B

13、. wont go C. not go D. not to go 18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _ time.A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had 19.Would you rather I _ buying a new bike A. decided against B. will decide against C. have decided D. shall decide against 20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _.

14、 A. go to sleep B. went to sleep C. go to bed D. went to bed 21.Why didnt you buy a new car I would have bought one if I _ enough money. A. had B. have had C. would have D. had had22.If she could sew _. A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirt C. she will make a shirt D. she would had made

15、 a coat 23._ today he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 24.His doctor suggested that he _ a short trip abroad. A. will take B. would take C. take D. took 25.The Bakers arrived last night. If theyd only let us know earlier_ at the stati

16、on. A. wed meet them B. well meet them C. wed have met them D. weve met them 26.If I _ you I _ more attention to English idioms and phrases. A. was, shall pay B. am, will pay C. would be, would pay D. were, would pay 27.We might have failed if you _ us a helping hand. A. have not given B. would not

17、give C. had not given D. did not give 28.The law requires that everyone _ his car checked at least once a year.A. has B. had C. have D. will have 29.It is strange that he _ so. A. would say B. would speak C. should say D. will speak 30.Had I known her name _ A. or does she know mine B. and where doe

18、s she live C. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her to lunch. 31. He has just arrived but he talks as if he _ all about that. A. know B. knows C. known D. knew 32. If I _ the money I would have bought a much bigger car. A. possessed B. owned C. had D. had had 33. He was very busy yeste

19、rday otherwise he _ to the meeting.A. would come B. came C. would have come D. will come 34.The librarian insists that John _ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed. A. will take B. took C. take D. takes 35. I left very early last night but I wish I _ so early

20、. A. didnt leave B. hadnt left C. havent left D. couldnt leave 36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _ no time. A. had B. didnt have C. had had D. have 37.I wish that you _ such a bad headache because Im sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadnt B. didnt have had C. hadnt had D.

21、 hadnt have38.He insisted that we all _ in his office at one oclock. A. be B. to be C. would be D. shall be 39. - Helen couldnt go to France after all. -Thats too bad. Im sure she would have enjoyed it if _. A. shes gone B. shell go C. shed gone D. shed go 40.I must go there earlier. John has sugges

22、ted that I _ an hour before the discussion begins. A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go 15 BBDAD 610 DDCAD 1115 CDCAA1620 ACAAD2125 DBCCC 2630 DCCCD 3135 DDCCB 3639 DCAC解析：1.wish后面用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。2.條件句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，主句用過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。3.as if后面如果表示真實(shí)情況就不用虛擬。4.It is important that是主語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句用

23、sb. should do的形式。5.as if后面是真實(shí)情況，不虛擬。6.lain是lie的過(guò)去分詞，表示“躺”。7.could have done表示“本來(lái)可以”。8.與將來(lái)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。9.as if表示不可能發(fā)生的事情時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。10.but for表示“要不是的話”，通常與虛擬語(yǔ)氣搭配使用。11.in advance表示“事先”，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。12.wish的賓語(yǔ)從句表示發(fā)生在將來(lái)的愿望用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。13.but的并列句表示真實(shí)情況，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。14.for fear that后面的狀語(yǔ)從句用sb. should do的形式。15.表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，主句用過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。16.suggest后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用sb. should do