2021高二英語寒假作業(yè)同步練習(xí)題賓語從句含解析

1、賓語從句1they _（遭受）a great loss in the earthquake.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】suffered【詳解】考查一般過去時(shí)。句意：他們在這場地震中遭受了很多。根據(jù)句意，地震已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故用一般過去時(shí)，故填suffered。2he said it would rain, but i _ (不同意)with himi was sure it wouldnt rain. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】disagreed【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他說會(huì)下雨，但我不同意他的意見我敢肯定不會(huì)下雨。根據(jù)漢語意思“不同意”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞disagree，作謂語，結(jié)合后文was可

2、知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填disagreed。3has the country _(恢復(fù))from the effects of the war yet? （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】recovered【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)國家從戰(zhàn)爭的影響中恢復(fù)了嗎？根據(jù)yet可知時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，句首已經(jīng)給出has，所以空處填過去分詞形式，故填recovered。4the concert will be held _（室外）if the weather is good. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】outdoors【詳解】考查副詞。句意：如果天氣好，音樂會(huì)將在室外舉行。根據(jù)漢語意思“室外”可知應(yīng)填副詞ou

3、tdoors，修飾動(dòng)詞hold。故填outdoors。5this article will show teenagers or adults how to _（處理）an argument with their parents in a simple way. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】settle【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：這篇文章將告訴青少年或成年人如何用簡單的方法解決與父母的爭吵。settle表示“處理”，本句是疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，故空處需要填動(dòng)詞原形，故填settle。6do not _（忽略）warnings if the volcano is active；it can be

4、very dangerous near the summit(山頂).（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】ignore【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果火山活動(dòng)，不要忽略警示標(biāo)志。在山頂附近是非常危險(xiǎn)的。分析句子可知，該句為含有否定意義的祈使句，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形，故填ignore。7the sea is_(平靜的) and clear today，so we should go for a long walk on the beach. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】calm【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：今天的大海風(fēng)平浪靜，所以我們應(yīng)該去海灘上散步。根據(jù)漢語意思“平靜的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞calm，作表語。故填ca

5、lm。8sitting out here, you really can feel the _ (力量) of the sun. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】power【詳解】考查名詞。句意：坐在這里，你真的可以感受到太陽的力量。根據(jù)漢語意思“力量”以及上文定冠詞the，可知應(yīng)填名詞power。故填power。9more and more people are_(關(guān)心) themselves with environmental problems. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】concerning【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：越來越多的人正在關(guān)心環(huán)境問題。根據(jù)漢語意思“關(guān)心”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞conc

6、ern，作謂語，結(jié)合上文more and more people are可知為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填concerning。10she was still_(不安的) about the argument shed had with harry. （根據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】upset【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她還在為和哈利的爭吵感到不安?？涨坝衎e動(dòng)詞was，空處需要填形容詞做表語，故填upset。語法專題（賓語從句）在主從復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句在句中可以作及物動(dòng)詞、介詞或一些形容詞的賓語。everyone knows that the earth is made up of ma

7、tter.每個(gè)人都知道地球是由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的。i doubt whether he will be elected as chairman.我懷疑他是否會(huì)當(dāng)選為主席。1that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，既無語法功能，也無詞匯意義，常被省略。但多個(gè)并列從句出現(xiàn)時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，其他的不能省略。she said (that) she would come here and that i should wait for her till monday.她說她將會(huì)來這兒并讓我等到星期一。2if和whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句的區(qū)別：在動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用 whether。在whether.or not 的固定搭

8、配中，只用 whether。在介詞后，只能用whether。作 discuss 的賓語時(shí)，只能用 whether。賓語從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用 whether。3帶復(fù)合賓語(賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語)的句子，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后面，而用it作形式賓語。4表示喜歡、憎惡等心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞后習(xí)慣上先加個(gè)形式賓語it，再接賓語從句。例如：hate，dislike，love，dont mind，feel like，appreciate，rely on，count on，see to等。we think it possible that you can finish the work toda

9、y.我們認(rèn)為你今天能夠完成這項(xiàng)工作。5賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：think，believe，suppose，imagine等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中的否定詞要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。i dont think we need to waste much time on it.我想我們不必在這上面浪費(fèi)太多時(shí)間。(形式上否定)練習(xí)：11material can be taken from the dna of a plant or an animal in order to remove_are not desired. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】what【詳解】考查賓

10、語從句連接詞。句意：為了去除不需要的物質(zhì)，可以從植物或動(dòng)物的dna中提取物質(zhì)。此處為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，結(jié)合句意表示“不需要的物質(zhì)”應(yīng)用what。故填what。12a comedian might tell different jokes depending on_the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】how【詳解】考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：一個(gè)喜劇演員可能會(huì)講不同的笑話，這取決于觀眾對他或她之前的笑話做出如何的反應(yīng)。設(shè)空處在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在句中作方式狀語。故答案為how。13as is k

11、nown to us, we live in_is called the information age(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：我們都知道，我們生活在所謂的信息時(shí)代。分析句子可知，介詞后是賓語從句，缺少主語，表示“的事物”，用連詞what，故填what。14our teacher has explained to all _ we need to bring for the school outing. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：老師向所有人解釋了學(xué)校郊游我們需要帶什么。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中br

12、ing缺少賓語，且指代事物，應(yīng)用連接代詞what。故填what。15if you concentrate on_you dont have, you will never, ever have enough. (用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空)【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：如果你專注于你所沒有的，你永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)滿足。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，介詞on后需用連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句謂語動(dòng)詞have后缺少賓語，表示具體的內(nèi)容，所以空處需用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填what。16my father and mother may regret _ i have not been selected for

13、 the interview. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】that【詳解】考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：我的父母可能會(huì)為我沒有被選中參加面試而感到遺憾。此處為賓語從句，從句中不缺少成分且句意完整，故應(yīng)用只起連接作用的that。故填that。17he later informed me _ i was “not athletic” . (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】that【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：后來他告訴我，我“不擅長運(yùn)動(dòng)”。短語： inform sb. that.“告知某人”，分析句子可知，空白處之后全部內(nèi)容為inform的賓語，因?yàn)榫渥硬蝗背煞?，所以要使用從屬連詞that來引導(dǎo)句子。故填tha

14、t。18i guarantee _ you will love the film. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】that【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：我保證你會(huì)喜歡這部電影的。本句為賓語從句，從句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用連接詞that。故填that。19first, adam had to think very carefully about _ courses he wanted to take. （用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空）【答案】which【詳解】考查賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：首先，adam必須非常仔細(xì)地考慮他想選擇哪些課程。分析句子可知，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語從句作think about的賓語，連接（形

15、容詞性）代詞which，意為“哪個(gè)；哪些”，修飾名詞courses，符合句意。故填which。20when asked about _ inspired her to show such kindness towards a stranger, she simply shrugged and said, “i just try to do something nice.”（用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空）【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：當(dāng)被問及是什么促使她對一個(gè)陌生人表現(xiàn)出如此善良時(shí)，她只是聳了聳肩說：“我只是想做點(diǎn)好事?！庇^察所給句子可知，asked about后為賓語從句，其中缺少主語

16、成分，用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。閱讀理解a rainy day can be a chance to recharge. while you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your tv. this is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.the technology is based on the triboelect

17、ric (摩擦電的)effect. an engineer at the university of hawaii, david ma knew that its possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. so, he thought, “why dont we use water?”a drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction to cr

18、eate an electrical charge. by placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.it worked. in fact, the researchers lit up 15 led bulbs with a single moving water drop.this is not the first time that scientists have got electric

19、ity from water-generated friction( 摩 擦 ). earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. there, the surface had acted as an electrode(電極). this is different. the energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.“it turns out,” ma says,

20、“the charge in the water drop is way more than the charge produced in the other electrode.” in fact, his teams model generated almost 100 times more power than previous experiments from a single drop of water.“the technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says chris

21、topher oshman, an engineer at the colorado school of mines. “this work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab, oshman says. next, the

22、 colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.21how did the author introduce the topic of the text?aby telling a story.bby raising a question.cby giving an example.dby imagining a situation.22what does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?athe

23、wire.bthe drop of water.cthe surface.dthe electricity.23what is unique about mas technique compared with earlier experiments?athe water itself acts as an electrode.bit is based on the triboelectric effect.cit produces electricity from water-made friction.dit uses a surface coated with two different

24、materials.24what does oshman say about mas technology?ait has a promising future.bit will do well on an umbrella.cit works well in the real world.dit will replace batteries someday.【答案】21d22b23a24a【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了夏威夷大學(xué)的工程師david ma認(rèn)為摩擦兩件東西來發(fā)電是可能的。事實(shí)上，研究人員用一顆移動(dòng)的水滴點(diǎn)亮了15個(gè)led燈泡。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)有一天可以為手機(jī)、傳感器或其他小型電子產(chǎn)

25、品提供動(dòng)力。21推理判斷題。第一段的a rainy day can be a chance to recharge. while you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your tv. this is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.意思是雨天可能是一個(gè)充電的機(jī)會(huì)。當(dāng)你在沙發(fā)上看電影放松時(shí)，落在窗戶上的雨滴也許有一天會(huì)為你

26、的電視提供能量。這就是一項(xiàng)從水中獲取能量的發(fā)明背后的理念。由此可知，作者通過想象一個(gè)情景，引出文章的主題，故選d。22詞句猜測題。上文by placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved說通過放置金屬絲，水滴在移動(dòng)時(shí)接觸到金屬絲。由此可知，下文it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.的意思是水滴應(yīng)該可以獲得電力。it指的是水滴，故選b。23細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在倒數(shù)第四段earlier experiments, though, harvest

27、ed the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. there, the surface had acted as an electrode(電極). this is different. the energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.（然而，早期的實(shí)驗(yàn)是通過水滴的滑動(dòng)來收集表面產(chǎn)生的電荷。在那里，表面起著電極的作用。這是不同的。摩擦力是從水本身獲得的。）由此可知，與早期的實(shí)驗(yàn)相比，ma的技術(shù)的獨(dú)特之處在于水本身起著電極的作用，故選a。2

28、4推理判斷題。答案定位在倒數(shù)第二段 “the technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says christopher oshman, an engineer at the colorado school of mines. “this work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic app

29、liances we use every day,” he says.（科羅拉多礦業(yè)學(xué)院的工程師christopher oshman說:“這項(xiàng)技術(shù)有一天可以為手機(jī)、傳感器或其他小型電子產(chǎn)品提供動(dòng)力?！彼f:“這項(xiàng)工作向收集我們周圍移動(dòng)物體的能量邁出了一步，包括我們自己，為我們每天使用的電器提供動(dòng)力?！保┯纱送茢喑?，oshman認(rèn)為ma的技術(shù)有一個(gè)光明的未來，故選a。寫作（改錯(cuò)）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把

30、多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在其下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。for about half century, scientists have been making better and better computer. now a computer can do a lot everyday jobs wonderful. it is widely used in factories, hospitals and banks. many computers scientists are no

31、w thinking of making the computer to “think” like a man. at the help of a person, a computer can draw pictures, write music, talking with people, translate languages and so on. perhaps computers will one day really think and feel. do you think that people will afraid when they will find that the com

32、puter is too clever.【答案】1.half 后加 a putercomputers3.a lot后加of4.wonderful wonderfullyputers computer6.去掉 “think”前的to7.at with8.talking talk 9.will 后加 be 10.去掉 will【分析】本文是一篇說明文。作者介紹電腦的用途以及電腦科學(xué)家的新想法?！驹斀狻?.考查不定冠詞。句意：大約半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，科學(xué)家們一直在制造越來越好的電腦。half a century半世紀(jì)，故在half 后加 a。2.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：大約半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，科學(xué)家們一直在制造越來越好的電腦。結(jié)合句意可知此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故把computer改為computers。3.考查固定詞組。句意：現(xiàn)在電