初中英語定語從句專題講解及復習課件

1、the attributive clause定 語 從 句i like the cat which/ that .i like the girl who /that .1.i like the girl who is wearing a hat and smiling.一、定語從句概念一、定語從句概念2.in my spare time, i can do anything i like.修飾一個修飾一個名詞名詞或或代詞代詞的從句被稱為的從句被稱為定語從句定語從句.先行詞先行詞關系詞關系詞定語從句定語從句關系代詞關系代詞關系副詞關系副詞which, who, whom, whose, that

2、where, when, whyi like the girl who is wearing a hat and smiling.二、幾個重要的專有名詞二、幾個重要的專有名詞1) the students (who dont study hard) will not passthe exam.the students will not pass the exam.2) the woman (whom you saw in the park) is our english teacher.主句：the woman is our english teacher.定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞的后面定語從

3、句一般緊跟在先行詞的后面.三、關于定語從句注意事項三、關于定語從句注意事項主句：主句：先行詞先行詞定語從句定語從句1. 位置位置1） i love the singer that is beautiful.2）i like a sandwich that is really delicious.3） i prefer movies that are scary. 4）he is one of the most popular singers who come from taiwan.定語從句中謂語動詞的人稱與數(shù)應與先行詞保持一致。定語從句中謂語動詞的人稱與數(shù)應與先行詞保持一致。2.定語從句謂語

4、動詞的確定定語從句謂語動詞的確定1.如果如果先行詞先行詞是是人人, 關系代詞可用關系代詞可用 who, whom, whose, that，它們的，它們的用法區(qū)別用法區(qū)別： 1)who /that 作定語從句的作定語從句的主語或賓主語或賓語語,whom只能作賓語。只能作賓語。the man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.the woman who/that my father is talking with is mr. zhang.四、關系代詞用法的區(qū)別四、關系代詞用法的區(qū)別2)whom 作定從的作定從的賓語賓語,介詞提前，只

5、能用介詞提前，只能用whom.the woman with whom my father is talking is mr zhang.whom 難用的難用的 關系詞關系詞whose the teacher praised the student whose english is the best in our class.whose =the studentsthe house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the houses whose 的先行詞可以是人或物，的先行詞可以是人或物，whose實際實際上是先行詞的所有格，在定從中作定語。上是先行

6、詞的所有格，在定從中作定語。如果如果先行詞先行詞指指物物, 關系代詞可用關系代詞可用 _或或_thatwhich在定語從句中作在定語從句中作主語主語和和賓語賓語.i like the dog which /that can watch doors.the car which /that my father bought last month is very beautiful.1) a plane is a machine _ can fly.2) the car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3) the students _ dont stu

7、dy hardwill not pass the exam.4) the woman _ you saw inthe park is our english teacher.5) he talked happily about the men and book _ interested him greatly in the school.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhom/that /that練習練習1: 填上適當?shù)年P系代詞填上適當?shù)年P系代詞1).先行詞是 one, ones, anyone, someone, those時，關系詞使用who. the ones

8、who study hard will probably get good grades. those who want to go to the great wall are our friends. is there anyone who wants to go there?2). 在there be 句型中，先行詞指人,關系詞用who there is an old man who wants to see you. there are many young men who are against him.3.who、that在指人時在指人時,可以通用可以通用, 但下列但下列 宜用宜用

9、who, 不不用用 that all the things that we can do is to give you some advice. 1.先行詞被先行詞被形容詞最高級形容詞最高級或或序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞修飾時修飾時,用用that .this is the most interesting story( that )i have ever heard.the first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行詞是先行詞是all,little,few,much,some,none, ever

10、ything, something, nothing, anything等時等時, 用用that. here is something( that) i will tell you.3. 先行詞被先行詞被all, some, any, few, much, little, the very , the only，the same 修飾時修飾時, 用用 that .用用that而不用而不用which的情況的情況4.先行詞既有先行詞既有人人也有也有物物時時,只能用只能用that.i can remember the persons and some pictures (that) i see. t

11、his is the dog which/that should be taken good care of.h注意：！注意：！介詞提前時只能用介詞提前時只能用which 而不能用而不能用that 。h由動詞和介詞構成的詞組，介詞通常不提前。由動詞和介詞構成的詞組，介詞通常不提前。h h 注意：注意：！介詞提前時只能用介詞提前時只能用which 而不能用而不能用that 。由動詞和介詞構成的詞組，介詞通常不提前。由動詞和介詞構成的詞組，介詞通常不提前。is this the library you borrow books?from thatfrom whichthis is the dog

12、which/that should be taken good care of.練習2：用關系代詞填空1.the terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.2.the wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.this is the very thing _ i was looking for.4.this is the second novel _ i have ever read.8.is this the l

13、ibrary from you borrow books ?thatthatthatthatwhich定語從句中的關系副詞定語從句中的關系副詞：when, where, whywhen, where, why關系副詞和先行詞的關系關系副詞和先行詞的關系i still remember the day when i came here. this is the house where i lived last year. there are many reasons why people like traveling. on the day =whenin the house= wherefor

14、 the reasons =why關系副詞實際上是介詞先行詞關系副詞實際上是介詞先行詞關系副詞關系副詞先行詞先行詞關系副詞關系副詞在定從中充當在定從中充當?shù)某煞值某煞?時間時間名詞名詞地點地點名詞名詞when = at / in / on +which時間狀語時間狀語地點狀語地點狀語where = at / in / on+which原因原因名詞名詞why = for +which原因狀語原因狀語 1.ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 1

15、.i went to the place i worked ten years ago. 2.i went to the place _ i visited ten years ago. 1.this is the reason _ he was late. 2.this is the reason _ he gave. whenwhichwherewhichwhythat/which幾種易混的情況幾種易混的情況及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞不及物動詞不及物動詞歸納歸納:關系副詞關系副詞when指時間指時間,關系副詞關系副詞where指地點指地點,關關系副詞系副詞why 指原

16、因，在定語從句中作狀語。即使先行指原因，在定語從句中作狀語。即使先行詞是時間、地點，原因，若作從句中的賓語，只能用詞是時間、地點，原因，若作從句中的賓語，只能用關系代詞關系代詞that, which，why.練習3：填上適當?shù)年P系詞.2. i still remember the day _ i first came to beijing.3. the factory _ we will visit is large.4. the factory _ his father works is large.5. ill never forget the time _ we work on the

17、farm.6. this is the house _ we lived last year.that/whichwhen/on whichthat/whichwherewhen/at whichwhere/in which六 summary詞 形先行詞在句中作用關系代詞that人或物主,賓語which物主,賓語who人主,賓語whom人賓語whose(=of whom/ of which)人或物定語關系副詞when(=介詞介詞+which)時間狀語where(=介詞介詞+which)地點狀語why(=for which)原因狀語確定定語從句關系詞的一般步驟：確定定語從句關系詞的一般步驟：1.

18、 找出找出主句、從句和先行詞，先行詞一般是空主句、從句和先行詞，先行詞一般是空格前的單詞或詞組。格前的單詞或詞組。2. 將先行詞代入定從，將先行詞代入定從，還原還原從句為完整句子。從句為完整句子。3. 根據(jù)先行詞在還原句中的成分根據(jù)先行詞在還原句中的成分確定確定關系詞。關系詞。 ill never forget the day i joined the league. 1.i joined the league the day.2.i joined the league on the day.ftthank you very much !練習練習4.單項選擇單項選擇1.there is not

19、hing _ i can do.a. that b. which c. who d. what2.do you know the man _ is wearing glasses?a. who b. which c. what d. where3.the boy _ is playing football is my brother.a. which b. who c. what d. where4.ill never forget the day _ i first met her.a. what b. who c. which d. when5.i cant find the book _

20、 my mother bought a. who b. when c. which d. what(a)(a)(b)(d)(c)練習練習46.the film _i saw yesterday was very interesting.a. who b. when c. what d. that7.is there anything _ i can help you?a. that b. which c. who d. what8.all _ is needed is a few hands to help with the work.a. what b. that c. which d. t

21、hings9.is this the factory _you wish to visit?a. that b. where c. when d. what(d)(a)(b)(a)10. he is the very one of the students_ good at english. a. who does b. that is c. whom do d. which are11.the second book _ i want to read is harry potter. a. which b. that c. what d. as12.the days _ i spent in

22、 the countryside in my childhood was the happiest time _ i had ever had in my life. a. when/when b. when/that c. that /which d. that/thatbbd 1. the house that they built it in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.2. i will never forget the poor boy who have no arms.3. we have done everything which can b

23、e done . 4.he is the only man who i know in the city .練習練習5 改錯改錯 ithave 改成改成haswhich 改成改成 thatwho 改成改成 that5.i have been to the park which there are a lot of flowers . 6.the park where the old people usually go to is called zhongshan park .7.look ! the tree where jack is climbing is quite tall .whic

24、h 改成改成 thatto 去掉去掉； where 改成改成 whichwhere 改成改成 which /that練習練習6:用關系代詞填空用關系代詞填空1. the boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. the e-mail _ i received yesterday was from my sister.3. i hate people _ talk much but do little.4. the car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhic

25、h/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. the man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. is there a student _ father is a business man?7. this is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8. this is the house _ we have lived for 10 years.9.ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich thatwhere10.my father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldn