并列連詞和從屬連詞

1、實(shí)用文檔一、并列連詞 ：一）常見的表示語義延伸 的并列連詞有:1. andJustice is on your side. And justice will triumph overinjustice.正義在你們一邊，而正義是會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝非正義的2. neither. norShe could neither speak the language nor write it. 這種語言她既不會(huì)說，也不會(huì)寫。3. both. andA man should have both courage and perseverance. 一個(gè)人既要有勇氣又要有毅力。4. not only. but alsoWe

2、should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 們不僅要大膽，而且要謹(jǐn)慎。5. as well asI have read one of his novelsas well as a few of hisplays.我讀過他的一本小說 和幾個(gè)劇本。二）表示選擇的并列連詞有：1. orYou may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. 你可以自己做或者讓別人做。2. either. orI left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不 是把它放

3、在桌子上了，就是放在抽屜里了。除了表示選擇外，or和either. or 還可以表示否定的條 件：1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the party.我現(xiàn)在得走了，否則晚會(huì)我就要遲到了。2) Youll either behave yourself, or youll never goout with me.你要么老實(shí)點(diǎn)，要么就永遠(yuǎn)不能跟我一起出去。三) 表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊牟⒘羞B詞有：1. butHe tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很大努力但沒有成功。2. yetThe car wa

4、s old, yet it was in excellent condition.這輛車子很舊，但仍處于良好的狀態(tài)。3. howeverhowever, and tried toShe felt ill. She went to work, concentrate. 她病了。然而她照舊去上班，并且盡力集中 精神工作。四）表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞有：因果：原因和結(jié)果1. forYoud better put on your sweater,for its rather coldoutside.你最好把毛衣穿上，因?yàn)橥膺呄喈?dāng)冷。2. soMy sister is expecting me ， so

5、I must be off now.姐在等我，因此我得走了。二、從屬連詞：從屬連詞是用來引導(dǎo)從句的。一）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的從屬連詞有：1. whenThere was prolonged applause when he began to speak.他開始講話時(shí)響起了經(jīng)久不息的掌聲。實(shí)用文檔2. whileWe should strike while the iron is hot.我們要趁熱打鐵。3. asAs (When) he entered, the hall burst into thunderousapplause.當(dāng)他進(jìn)來時(shí)，全場發(fā)出雷鳴般的掌聲。4. afterAfter I

6、 visit Shanghai r II travel up the Yangtze.訪問上海之后，我將溯長江而上。5. beforeIt would be months before he was fit for the work.要過好幾個(gè)月他才能適應(yīng)工作。It is just a week since we arrived here.我們至U這里才一個(gè)星期。7. until (till)I shall stay here until (till)rve completed my studies.我要在這里待到學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束為止。8. as soon asAs soon as he got we

7、ll, he went back to work.他病一好就回去上班了。9. onceOnce he said that, I knew he was lying.他一說這話我就知道他在撒謊。二) 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：1. because實(shí)用文檔He failed because he was too careless. 因?yàn)?他太粗心，所以失敗了。2. asAs it was already rather dark, we decided to stop atthe temple for the night.因?yàn)?已經(jīng)相當(dāng)晚了，我們決定在廟里待一夜。3. sinceSince (原

8、因)you dont want to go, we wont force youto.既然你不愿意去，我們也不勉強(qiáng)你。4. now thatNow that you are all back, wed better start the workright away.你們既然都回來了，我們最好馬上就開始工作。5. considering (that)實(shí)用文檔They did the job quite well considering (that) they hadno experience. 考慮到他們沒有什么經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這項(xiàng)工作他們已經(jīng)干得不錯(cuò)了。6. seeing thatSeeing that

9、 (Since) nobody was very enthusiastic aboutit, they decided to cancel the trip.由于 都沒有很高的熱情，他們決定取消這次旅行。七)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有：1. so.thatShe was so moved that tears came to her eyes. 她感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶。2. suchthat演講It was such a boring speech that I fell asleep. 枯燥乏味，聽得我都睡著了。實(shí)用文檔三) 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有：1. ifIf you can do i

10、t, so can I. 你要是能辦到，我也能辦到。2. even ifWewouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times.我們就是失敗十次也不灰心。3. unlessI wont go unless you want me to. 除非你要我去，否貝U 我是不會(huì)去的。4. in casein case it should rainWed better take our raincoats(rains).我們最好把雨衣帶著以防下雨實(shí)用文檔5. provided /providing (that)r II comeprovided (pro

11、viding) (that)you let me knowin good time.你要是及時(shí)通知我是會(huì)來的。6. suppose/supposing (that)Suppose (Supposing) (that) he wont agree, what shallwe do?假如他不同意，我們怎么辦？7. as (so) long asYou may use the room as long as you keep it clean. 只要保持清潔你可以用這個(gè)房間。8. on condition (that)r II lend you the bookon condition (that)

12、 you returnit on Monday.只要你能在星期一還我，這本書我就借給你。四）引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 的從屬連詞有:He doesnt play halfas well as his sister.他演奏的1. although / thoughEverybody worked with great enthusiasm although/though the weather was extremely cold.雖然 天氣很冷，大家工作得非常起勁。2. even if (though)Even if I have to walk all the way r II get there.

13、即使我得一路走著去，我也要去那里。五) 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的從屬連詞有：1. thanWe have produced 20% more cotton this year than we did last year.我們今年棉花產(chǎn)量比去年高百分之二十。2. as (so)as水平不及他姐姐的一半。六) 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有：1. lestShe explained again and again lest people should misunderstand her. 她一再解釋唯恐人們誤解。2. so thatSpeak clearly so that we may understa

14、nd you. 講話要 清楚，以便我們能聽明白。3. in order thatHe assigned us some books to read at home in order that (so that) we might have a deeper understanding of the subject.他指定幾本書給我們回家看，以便我們對這一主題有一個(gè)較深的了解。實(shí)用文檔八)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞有三個(gè)：(1)that (本身無意義),(2)whether (or not) ， (3)if 。例如：That they will refuse the offer is unlikely.他們不太可能會(huì)拒絕這個(gè)建議。I dont know whether (=if) these figures are accurate. 我不知道這些數(shù)字是否精確。需要注意的是：whether (or not)可引導(dǎo)大部分名詞性從句；if僅可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，而且不可跟or not。例如：Whether ( 工 if) they will come or not wont