2020年高考英語3500詞

1、2020 年高考英語考試大綱 考核目標(biāo)與要求一、語言知識要求考生掌握并能運用英語語音、 詞匯、語法基礎(chǔ)知識以及所學(xué)功能意 念和話題（見附錄 1 至附錄 5），要求詞匯量為 3500 左右。二、語言運用1聽力 要求考生能聽懂所熟悉話題的簡短獨白和對話。考生應(yīng)能：（1）理解主旨要義；（2）獲取具體的事實性信息；（3）對所聽內(nèi)容做出推斷；（4）理解說話者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度。2閱讀 要求考生能讀懂書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文段以及公告、 說明、廣告等，并能從中獲取相關(guān)信息。考生應(yīng)能：1）理解主旨要義；2）理解文中具體信息；（3）根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語的含義；（4）做出判斷和推理；（5）理解文

2、章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；（6）理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度。3寫作要求考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)。考生應(yīng)能：（1）清楚、連貫地傳遞信息，表達(dá)意思；（2）有效運用所學(xué)語言知識。4口語要求考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行口頭表達(dá)。考生應(yīng)能：（1）詢問或傳遞事實性信息，表達(dá)意思和想法；（2）做到語音、語調(diào)自然；3）做到語言運用得體；(4)使用有效的交際策略。1 附錄 1 語音項目表1. 基本讀音(1) 26 個字母的讀音(2) 元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音(3) 元音字母在輕讀音節(jié)中的讀音(4) 元音字母組合在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音(5) 常見的元音字母組合在輕讀音節(jié)中的讀音(6) 輔音字母組合的讀音(7) 輔音連綴的讀音(8) 成節(jié)音

3、的讀音2. 重音(1) 單詞重音 (2) 句子重音3. 讀音的變化(1) 連讀 (2) 失去爆破 (3) 弱讀 (4) 同化4. 語調(diào)與節(jié)奏(1) 意群與停頓 (2) 語調(diào) (3) 節(jié)奏5. 語音、語調(diào)、重音、節(jié)奏等在口語交流中的運用6. 朗誦和演講中的語音技巧7. 主要英語國家的英語語音差異2 附錄 2 語法項目表1. 名詞(1) 可數(shù)名詞及其單復(fù)數(shù) (2) 不可數(shù)名詞 (3) 專有名詞 (4) 名詞所有格2. 代詞(1) 人稱代詞 (2) 物主代詞 (3) 反身代詞 (4) 指示代詞 (5) 不定代詞(6) 疑問代詞3. 數(shù)詞(1) 基數(shù)詞 (2) 序數(shù)詞4. 介詞和介詞短語5. 連詞6.

4、 形容詞 (比較級和最高級7. 副詞 (比較級和最高級8. 冠詞9. 動詞(1) 動詞的基本形式 (2) 系動詞 (3) 及物動詞和不及物動詞 (4) 助動 詞 (5) 情態(tài)動詞10. 時態(tài)(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時 (2) 一般過去時 (3) 一般將來時 (4) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 (5) 過去進(jìn)行時 (6) 過去將來時 (7) 將來進(jìn)行時 (8) 現(xiàn)在完成時 (9) 過去 完成時 (10) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行11. 被動語態(tài)12. 非謂語動詞(1) 動詞不定式 (2) 動詞的 -ing 形式 (3) 動詞的 -ed 形式13. 構(gòu)詞法(1) 合成法 (2) 派生法 (3) 轉(zhuǎn)化法 (4) 縮寫和簡寫14. 句子

5、種類(1) 陳述句 (2) 疑問句 (3) 祈使句 (4) 感嘆句15. 句子成分(1) 主語 (2) 謂語 (3) 表語 (4) 賓語 (5) 定語 (6) 狀語 (7) 補語16. 簡單句的基本句型17. 主謂一致18. 并列復(fù)合句19. 主從復(fù)合(1) 賓語從句 (2) 狀語從句 (3) 定語從句 (4) 主語從句 (5) 表語從句20. 間接引語21. 省略22. 倒裝23. 強調(diào)24. 虛擬語氣3 附錄 3 功能意念項目1. 社會交往 (Social Communications)(1) 問候 (Greetings) (2) 介紹 (Introduction) (3) 告別 (Far

6、ewells )(4) 感謝 (Thanks ) (5) 道歉 (Apologies) (6) 邀請 (Invitation(7) 請求允許 (Asking for permission)(8) 祝愿和祝賀 (Expressing wishes and congratulations(9) 提供幫助 (Offering help) (10) 接受和拒絕 (Acceptance and refusal)(11) 約會 (Making appointments)(12) 打電話 (Making telephone calls)(13) 就餐 (Having meals) (14) 就醫(yī) (Seei

7、ng the doctor)(15) 購物 (Shopping) (16) 問路 (Asking the way)(17) 談?wù)撎鞖?(Talking about weather)(18) 語言交際困難 (Language difficulties in communication)(19) 提醒注意 (Reminding) (20) 警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21) 勸告 (Advice) (22) 建議 (Suggestions)2. 態(tài)度 (Attitudes)(23) 同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement(24) 喜

8、歡和不喜歡 (Likes and dislikes)(25) 肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26) 可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)(27) 能夠和不能夠 (Ability and inability)(28) 偏愛和優(yōu)先選擇 (Preference)(29) 意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30) 希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31) 表揚和鼓勵 (Praise and encouragement)(32) 責(zé)備和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(

9、33) 冷淡 (Indifference)(34) 判斷與評價 (Judgement and evaluation)3. 情感 (Emotions(35) 高興(Happiness) (36)驚奇(Surprise) (37)憂慮(Worries(38)安慰(Reassuranee) (39)滿意(Satisfaction) (40)遺憾(Regret)(41)同情(Sympathy) (42)恐懼(Fear) (43)憤怒(Anger)4. 時間 (Time) (44) 時刻 (Point of time) (45) 時段 (Duration)(46)頻度(Frequency) (47)時序

10、(Sequence)5. 空間 (Space)(48)位置(Position) (49)方向(Direction) (50) 距離(Distanee)6. 存在 (Existence)(51) 存在與不存在 (Existence and Non-existence)7. 特征 (Features)(52) 形狀(Shape) (53)顏色(Colour) (54)材料(Material)(55)價格(Price) (56)規(guī)格(Size) (57)年齡(Age)8. 計量 (Measurement)(58)長度(Length) (59)寬度(Width) (60)高度(Height) (61)

11、數(shù)量(Number)9. 比較 (Comparison)(62) 同級比較 (Equal comparison)(63) 差別比較 (Comparative and superlative)(64) 相似和差別 (Similarity and difference)10. 邏輯關(guān)系 (Logical relations)(65) 原因和結(jié)果 (Cause and effect) (66) 目的 (Purpose)11. 職業(yè) (Occupations)(67)工作(Jobs) (68)單位(Employer)4 附錄 4 話題項目表1. 個人情況 (Personal information)2

12、. 家庭、朋友與周圍的人 (Family, friends and people around)3. 周圍的環(huán)境 (Personal environments)4. 日?；顒?(Daily routines)5. 學(xué)校生活 (School life)6. 興趣與愛好 (Interests and hobbies)7. 個人感情 (Emotions)8. 人際關(guān)系 (Interpersonal relationships)9. 計劃與愿望 (Plans and intentions)10. 節(jié)假日活動 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11. 購物 (S

13、hopping)12. 飲食(Food and drink)13. 健康 (Health)14. 天氣 (Weather)15. 文娛與體育 (Entertainment and sports)16. 旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17. 語言學(xué)習(xí) (Language learning)18. 自然 (Nature)19. 世界與環(huán)境 (The world and the environment)20. 科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù) (Popular science and modern technology)21. 熱點話題 (Topical issues)22. 歷史與地理

14、 (History and geography)23. 社會 (Society)24. 文學(xué)與藝術(shù) (Literature and art)5 附錄五：詞匯表Aaccommodation na(an) urtaccompany vabandon vaccomplish vability naccount nable aaccountant nabnormal aaccumulate vaboard prepaccuracy /abolish vaccurate aabortion naccuse vabout ad & prepaccustomed aabove prepa &

15、 adache v & 刃abroad adachieve yabrupt aachievement nabsence nacid aabsent aacknowledge vabsolute aacquainlancc nabsorb vacquire vabstract a & nacquisiti on nabsurd aacre nabundant aacross prepabuse vact n & vacademic a & naction nacademy wactive aaccelerate vactivity naccent nactor n

16、accept vactress naccess n & vactual aaccessible aacute aaccident nAD abhraficrd vad«advcrti semcnt nadapt v adaptation w add v addicted a addition n address n adequate a adjust v adjustment n adminisiration n admirable a admire v admission n admit v adolescence n adolescent a & n adopt

17、v adore v adult n advance v & n advante n adventure ” advertise v advcrtisvnwnt u advice n advise r advocate v affair n atlcct v ailcction nafraid aAfrica n African a & n alter adtrep d coiy ahemoon n alters ard(s) ad again ad against prep age n agency /r agenda n agent n aggressive a ago ad

18、 agree v agreement m agricultural a agricuhure n ahead ad aid ” & vAIDS n aim n & v air n aircrail it airline n airmail n airplane n airport ti airspace n alarm n d ramazing a ambassador n ambassadress n ambiguous a ambition n ainbulan<c n America / amcn; pzp amount h & v ample a amus

19、e v amusement n analyse v analysis n ancestor n anchor v&n ancienl a and conj anecdote n anger n angle n angry a animal n ankle n anniversary n announce v annoy v annual a another a A pron answer h & v ant nalbum n alcohol n alcoholic a & algebra n alike ad alive a all ad.a & prmi al

20、lergic ci alley it allocate v allow v allowance n almost ad alone a along ad & prep alongside ail aloud ad alphabet n already ait also ad alternative a although vonj altitude n altogether ad aluminium (Am aluminum) n always ail am be)abhr amateur a amaze vAntarctic a aniiquc n anxiety n anxious

21、a any pron <fc a anybody pron anvhow ad anyone pron anything pron anyway ad anywhere ad aparl ad & a apartment n apologize v apology n apparent a appeal v & n appear v appearance n appendix n appetite n applaud v & /r apple n applicant n application n apply v appoint > appointment

22、h appreciate v appreciation n approach / & vappropriate a approval n approve v approximately ad apron n arbitrary a arch n architect n architecture n Arctic a are H屁) area n argue v argument n arisc(arosc,ariscn) v arithmetic n arm / d v armchair n army n around nd prep arrange v arrangement n a

23、rres! r arrival n arrive v arrow n art rr article n artificial a artist n as adcv/y A prepash刃attend vashamed aattention nAsia 9iattitude nAsian a & nattract vaside adattraction nask vattractive aasleep aaudience naspect naunt nassess vauthentic aassessment nauthor nassist pauthority nassistance

24、 nautomatic aassistant nautonomous aassociate vautumn nassociation navailable aassume vavenue 枷assumption naverage a & nastonish vavoid vastronaut nawakc( awoke .awoken) v & aastronomer naward nastronomy naware aat prepaway adathlete nawesome aathletic aawful aAtlantic aawkward aatmosphere w

25、atom nBattach vbaby nattack v & nbachelor nattain vback ad.a <£ nattempt v & nbackground nbackwards) adbasin nbacon nbask nbacterium(/?/ bacteria) nbasket nbad( worse, worst) abasketball nbadminton nbat nbag nbath nbaggage nbathe vbakery nbathroom nbalance itbathtub nbale ony itbatte

26、ry nball zrbattle nballet nbay nballoon nBC abbrbamboo nbc(amjs.arc.was.ban n d vwcrc.bcing.bcen) vbanana nbeach nband nbean nbandage nbean curd nbank nbear1 nbar wbear vbarbecue nbeard nbarber nbeast nbarbershop wbeat(bcaLbeaicn) v & nbare abeautiful “bargain n & vbeattv /Jbark v & nbec

27、ause conjbarrier nbccome( becamctl>comc) vbase nbed nbaseball nbeddings nbasement nbedroom nbasic abcc nbeef nbikc=bicyc1c wbeer nbill nbefore prepMd&cnnjbingo nbeg vbiochemistry nbeginC began.begun)biography nbehalf ftbiology nbehave vbird nbehaviour(-4m behavior) nbirth nbehind prep <t a

28、dbirthday nbeing nbirthplace hbelief nbiscuit nbelieve vbishop abell nbit刃belly ifbite(biLbittcn) vbelong rbitter abelow prepblack a & ubelt nblackboard abench nblame n & vbcnd(bcntbcnt) vblank & abeneath prepblanket nbeneficial ableed vbenefit n & vbless vbent a & itblind abesid

29、e prepblock n (& vbesides jucp & adblood nbetray vblouse 刃between prepblow(blcublown) vbeyond prepblue n & abicycle nboard w <£ vbid v & nboat nbig abody hboil vbrain nbomb n vbrake n <£ vbond n d vbranch nbone nbrand nbonus tibrave abook n d vbravery nboom n & vb

30、read nboot nbrcak( broke, broken v & itbooth nbreakfast itborder nbreakthrough nbored abreast nboring abreath nbom abreathe vborrow vbreathless aboss nbrewery nbotanical abrick nbotany nbride nboth a & pronbridegroom nbother vbridge nbottle nbrief abottom wbright abounce vbrilliant abound ab

31、rin( broughLbroughO vboundary nbroad abow v <£ nbroadcast( broadcast.bowl nbroadcast 或Yd.Yd) vbowling nbrochure nbox nbroken aboxing nbroom nboy nbrother wboycott vbrown n & abrunch nCbrush v ncab nBuddhism ncabbage nbudget ncafe nbuffet ncafeteria nbuiid(buill.built) vcage nbuilding nca

32、ke nbunch ncalculate vbungalow wcall 刀 & »burden ncalm a & vbureaucratic acamel nburglar ncamera nbum(bumlbumtcamp /> <2 v或<?d.Yd) v & ncampaign nburst vcancould):bury vcan't=cannotbus ncan' nbush ncanal nbusiness刃cancel vbusincssman/womancanwr nbusinessmen/ women)

33、ncandidate nbusy acandle nbut conj & prepcandy nbutcher w d vcanteen irbutter ncap nbutterfly ncapital nbutton n d vcapsule nbuy( bought.bought) vcaptain nby prepcaption nbye inrcar ncarbon nmocia! vcard ncare n d v careful a careless a carpenter n carpet n carriage n carrier /i canot n carry v

34、cartoon n carve v case n cash n <t i- cassette n cast(castcasO y castle rt casual a cat n catalogue « catastrophe n catch(caughtxa ught) v ealegory n cater vCatholic a cattle ji cause /r <2 v caution n cautious a cave n ceiling n celebrate r celebration n cell n cent n centigrade a centim

35、etreAm centimeter) n central a cenlre(伽 center) n century n ceremony a certain a certificate n chain n chair n chairmanwoman pl cliaimicawomc n> n chalk n challenge m challenging a champion n chance n change n & v changeable a channel n chant 、& 力 chaos n chapter n character hCD-compact d

36、isk 刃 characteristic “ & charge/«Christmas ttchart irchurch nchat rt & vcigar ncheap acigarette ncheat m & tcinema ncheck 刃 & vcircle n Avcheek /circuit ncheer n & vcirculate vcheerful acircumstance ncheers imcircus ncheese ncitizen nchef ncity nchemical <1 & wcivil a

37、chemist ncivilian nchemislry ncivilization ncheque(伽 check) nclap vchess nclarify vchest /iclass mchew vclassic achicken nclassify vchief a <£ nclassmate nchild(/>J children) nclassroom nchildhood itclaw nchocolate nclay irchoice nclean v & achoir ncieaaer nchoke n & vclear achoos

38、( chosc.chosen) clerk nchopsticks nclever achorus nclick vChristian nclimate nclimb v clinic n clock n clone v close a & nd cloth n clothes n clothing n cloud cloudy a club n clumsy u coach n coal n coast n coat n cocoa n coflee n coin n coincidence n coke n cold a n collar n colleague n collect

39、 v collection n college n collision n colour(-4m color) n & v comb n <fc v combine v come(caincxomc) v comedy n comfort it comfortable a command n & v comment n commercial a commit v comm it nlent 打 committee n common u communicate v communication n communism n communist n & a compani

40、on w company n compare v compass w can)|wnsaie v compete v compewnce n competition n complete a & v complex a & n component m composition n comprehension n compromise v compulsory a computer mconstant a constitution ji construct v construction n consult u consultant w consume v contain v con

41、tainer / contemporary a content1 it content2 a continent n continue v contradicl v contradictory a contrary n & a contribute v con tribution n control v A n controversial a convenience n comcnicnt a conventional a conversation n convey v convince v cook n & v cooker 11 cookie n cool aconcent

42、rate v concept n concern v & 八 concert n conclude v conclusion n concrete a conde m n v condition ti conduct v conductor n conference ti confident a conndential a confirm v conflict ” confuse p congratulate v congratulation n connect 2 connection n conscience consensus it consequence n conservat

43、ion n conservative a consider v considerate a considcrulion n consist r consistent acopy n & vcreature ncom ncredit ncomer ncrew ficorporation ncrime ncorrect y & acriminal ncorrection hc riterion(p/ criteria) ncorrespond vcrop ncorrupt «vcross it vcost 刃 & Pcrossing wcosy(-4/w cozy

44、) acrossroads ncottage ncrowd n & vcotton n & acruel acough H & Vcry n & rcould modal vcube ncount vcubic acounter ncuisine ncountry nculture ncountryside ncup ncouple ncupboard ncourage ncure u & vcoursecurious acourt ncurrency ncourtyard itcurriculum ncousin ncunain ncover n &a

45、mp; vcushion ncow ncustom ncrash v & ncustomer ncrayon ncustoms mcrazy qJcut|cut.cut> v & ncream »cycle vcreate vcyclist nD daddaddy 刃 daily wd & n dam w damage n & v damp a & dance n & v danger / dangerous a dare i* & modal v dark a de it darkness n dash v(£

46、 h data n database n date n & v daughter / dawn n day n dead a deadline / deaf a deal n dear a death ” debate n & v debt n decade n decide v decision /declare vdecline v decorate v decoration 刃 deewse v deed n deep a & ad deer w defeat v defence( Am defense) n defend v degree n delay n c

47、£ v delete r d n deliberately ad delicate a delicious a delight n delighted a deliver v demand v dentist n dcparimenK Dept.) w departure n depend v deposit v & u depth n describe v description / desert r A n deserve vdesign v<2 hdilemma wdesire v & ”dimension ndesk ndinner ndesperate

48、 adinosaur ndessert ndioxide ndestination ndip vdestroy vdiploma ndetective itdirect «vdetermine vdirection tidevelop vdirector ndcvclopmcnl ndirectory ndevote vdirty adevotion ndisability itdiagram ndisabled adial vdisadvantage ndialogue(/刑 dialog! ndisagree vdiamond ndisagreeniem ndiary ndisa

49、ppear vdictation ndisappoint vdictionary ndisappointed adie vdisaster ndiet ndiscount ndiffer vdiscourage vdifference ndiscover vdiflerent udiscovery ndifficult adiscrimination idifficulty ndiscuss vdig(dug.dug) vdiscussion ndigest vdisease ndigital adisgusting adignity ndish ndiskisc ndownstairs ml

50、dislike vdowntown adjt(& adismiss vdozen ndistance nDFKloctor ndistant adraft n Avdistinction ndrag vdistinguish vdrawl drew .drawn) vdistribute vdrawback ndistrict /drawer ndisturb vdreain(d reamt.d rcamtdisturbing a或-e<L-ed) n & vdive vdress n & vdiverse adrill ndivide vdrink(drank,

51、dmnk) vdivision ndrive(drove.driven) vdivorce vdriver ndizzy adrop n vdo(did.donc> rdrug wdoctor hdrum ndocument 刃drunk adog ndry v & “doll ”duck ndollar ndue adonate vdull adoordumpling 刃donnitorsdonn) nduring p薩epdot ndusk ”double 6r <£ /dust ndoubt & vdustbin ndown prep c£

52、 addusty adownload 刃 & rduty /iDVD»digital versatile disk nelect vdynamic 4 dynasty />Eeach a & praneager a eagle n ear n early a & ctd cam v earth it earthquake n cast a.ad(£ it Easter n eastern a easy a eat( ate, eaten) v ecology n edge n edition n editor 刃 educate r educa

53、tion n educator n effect n efiort n egg n eggplant n either axonj & ad elder itelectric “ cleclrical a electricitv /> electronic o elegant a elephant it else ad e-mail n & v embarrass v embassy n emergency n emperor n employ v empty a encourage v encouragement n end n & v endin u 刃 en

54、dless a enemy w energetic a energy 刃 engine 口 engineer 11 enjoy v enjoyable a enlarge f enough proiiM ail cn quiry n enter venterprise n«ver)rlhing psentertainment nc、©rywhcc adenthusiastic aevidence nentire aevident aentrance nevolution itentry nexact aenvelope nxain=e x amination nenviro

55、nment nexamine venvy v <£ /rexample iiequal a & 屛excellent aequality nexcept prepequip vexchange /r d vequipment nexcite veraser nexcuse II d Verror nexercise it A verupt vexhibition nescape n d vexist vespecially adexistence nessay nexit wEurope nexpand vEuropean a & nexpect vevaluate vexpectation 刃even adexpense nevening jiexpensive aevent nexperience ifeventually ndexj)eninent never adexpert nevery aexplain veverybody pronexplanation neveryday aexplicit aeveryone pronexplode