確定Unit4Grammar定語從句

1、Unit 4Grammar-定語從句定語從句Attributive clause What is the attribute(定語定語)?1.He is an honest boy.(形容詞）形容詞）2.The falling/fallen leaves are flying in the sky.(現在現在/過去分詞）過去分詞）3. Whats your telephone number?（名詞）（名詞）4.The boys on the playground are playing basketballs.（介詞短語（介詞短語） 修飾名詞和代詞的成分，作定修飾名詞和代詞的成分，作定語的除了

2、語的除了形容詞形容詞外，還有外，還有代詞、代詞、數詞、名詞、介詞短語數詞、名詞、介詞短語或相當或相當于于形容詞的詞形容詞的詞或或短語等短語等。定語定語:a beautiful flower 美麗的花a tall boy 一位高個男孩my teacherthree boysclothes shop 服裝店the students in class 上課的學生們什么是定語從句什么是定語從句1.定義定義：在復合句中修飾限定主句中的名詞或代詞(即：修飾主語、賓語、表語)的句子叫定語從句（形容詞性從句）2.位置位置：定語從句一般放在所修飾的詞的后面。3.結構結構：先行詞先行詞 + + 關系詞關系詞 +

3、+ 從句從句 被定語從句被定語從句修飾的名詞修飾的名詞或代詞或代詞引導從句的引導從句的單詞單詞This is a beautiful .Attributive clauseantecedentRelative word先行詞先行詞定語從句定語從句關系詞關系詞song we like which 在復合句中在復合句中, , 修飾或限定某一修飾或限定某一_ _ 詞或詞或 _詞詞的從句叫定語從句。的從句叫定語從句。 主句中被定語從句修飾的詞主句中被定語從句修飾的詞叫叫 _。引導定語從句的詞叫做。引導定語從句的詞叫做 _ _ 或或 _。先行詞先行詞關系代詞關系代詞 關系副詞關系副詞名名代代關系詞關系詞

4、定義定義：引導定語從句的單詞叫做關系詞。關系詞可分為：關系代詞關系代詞:如：that, which, who, whom, whose等；關系副詞關系副詞:如：why, when, where等。關系代詞的基本用法關系代詞的基本用法:Which boy is JackWhich boy is Jack? ? Jack is the boy is smiling. Jackwho Jack is the boy wears glasses. . Jackwho指人指人: : who ( (主語主語) ) who指人指人,在定語從句中作主語在定語從句中作主語例句：例句：(1) The boys _

5、are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man _lost his way. (3)Children_ eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.whowhowhoThe girlThe girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw her yesterday is Mary.指人指人: : whom/who( (賓語賓語, ,可省略可省略) )whomwho 避免重復避免重復 whom指人指人,在定語從句中作賓語，在

6、定語從句中作賓語， 可省略。可省略。 例句：例句：(1) Mr. Liu is the person _you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy _ I want to see. 注意注意：關系代詞關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體在口語和非正式語體中常用中常用who代替，可省略。代替，可省略。 (whom)(whom)The ball is hers.The ball is hers.which is redShe likes the ball.The ball is red.she likeswhich指物指物: :

7、which( (主語，賓語，賓語時可省主語，賓語，賓語時可省) )It is red. which指物，在定語從句中做主指物，在定語從句中做主 語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略 (1) Football is a game _ is liked by most boys. （作主語）（作主語）(2) This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. （作賓語）（作賓語）which（which）I think highly of Mo Yan and his works _ all the Chinese people are proud of.

8、that( )既可指人，既可指人，又可指物又可指物: : that I think highly of Mo Yan and his works _are famous all over the world. that(主語，賓語，賓語時可省主語，賓語，賓語時可省) that指人時，相當于指人時，相當于who或者或者whom； 指物時，相當于指物時，相當于which,可與之互換?？膳c之互換。 在定語從句中在定語從句中作主語或者賓語作主語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略。做賓語時可省略。 (1) The number of the people _ come to visit the city each

9、 year is increasing.(2) Where is the man _ I saw this morning? that/who(that/who/whom)Which boy is JackWhich boy is Jack? ? Jack is the boy who is smiling./that Jack is the boy who wears glasses./thatThe girl we saw yesterday is Mary./that whom/whoThe ball which is red is hers./thatThe ball which sh

10、e likes is red. /thatWhich house is mine?The house is mine.whose roof is brownmy houseThe house is mine. My houses roof is brown.指物指物: : whose( (定語定語) )She is a beautiful girl eyes are big. Herwhose指人指人: : whose( (定語定語) )Whose 既可以指人，又可指物既可以指人，又可指物 在定語從句中做在定語從句中做定語定語,表示表示 一種從屬關系一種從屬關系, 即即“ （人）的（人）的”“

11、”“（物）的（物）的”(1) The room _ window faces south is mine. 窗戶朝南的那個房間是我的。窗戶朝南的那個房間是我的。(2) I once lived in a house _ roof has fallen in. 我曾經住在屋頂倒塌的一個房子里我曾經住在屋頂倒塌的一個房子里。whose指物時，常用以下結構來代替：指物時，常用以下結構來代替： 可用可用of which代替，但代替，但語序語序不同不同 即即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of which， 或或= of which + the + 名詞。如：名詞。如： whosewhose

12、l (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom _is broken will soon be repaired. l= The classroom _ is broken will soon be repaired.l(4) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book _ lis yellow? =Do you like the book _ is yellow? the door of whi

13、chof which the doorthe cover of which of which the cover1.1.連接連接主從句主從句2.2.指代指代先行詞先行詞3.3.在定語從句中在定語從句中作句子成分作句子成分The usage of relative pronouns2) The _ you just talked to is Mr. Li. whom/who/that( )3) I like the _you bought yesterday. The _ visited our schoolyesterday is from Canada.who/thatSubject(主語主

14、語)Object(賓語賓語)5) _ parents are dead is lonely. whosewhich/that6) I have a _window faces south. 4) This is a _helps us learn English. Attribute(定語定語)which/thatwhoseSubject(主語主語)Object(賓語賓語) Attribute(定語定語) ( )foreignerbookdictionaryTomroompersonAttention：當以下情況時，當以下情況時，that 與與 which 不可互換不可互換：（1）.Every

15、thing _ can be done has been done.（2）.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?1.先行詞是先行詞是everything, something, nothing, anything, all, few, much, little, none, some等不定代詞時，等不定代詞時，引導定語從句用引導定語從句用thatthatthat1.Ive read all the books _ you lent me. 2.This is the very book _ I am looking for. 2. 先行詞被先

16、行詞被any, some, no, every, much, few, little, all, the very, the only, last 修飾修飾時時,引導定語從句用引導定語從句用that 。thatthat3.1.The writer and his works _ the radio broadcast greatly attracted us.2.They are talking about the teachers and things _ they remembered in school.先行詞中先行詞中既有人又有事物既有人又有事物時，時，引導定語從句用引導定語從句用th

17、at .thatthat4.1.This is the best film_ I have ever seen.2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.先行詞先行詞被形容詞最高級被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時或序數詞修飾時，引導，引導定語從句用定語從句用that 。thatthat5.1.Who is the man is standing by the gate ?2.Which is the T-shirt fits me most ?thatthat當主句是當主句是以以Who 或或 Which 開頭的特

18、殊疑開頭的特殊疑問句問句時時1.This is the most interesting film _ I have ever seen.2.The third place _ we are going to visit is New York.3.This is the only food _ I can find for you.4.The students and things _ you spoke of are known to us.5.Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory?最高級最高級序數詞序數詞the onl

19、y, the very, any, no, all等修飾等修飾既有人又有物既有人又有物已有已有whowho或或whichwhich時時thatthatthatthatthat 帶定語從句的諺語：帶定語從句的諺語：1. God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。天助自助者。2. He who laughs last laughs best. 誰笑到最后，誰笑的最好。誰笑到最后，誰笑的最好。3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到長城非好漢。不到長城非好漢。Translate

20、some proverbs:1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you want? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itChoose the best answers:4. Please take the second chair_ is

21、over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. (NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 7. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in

22、 the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.8. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which9. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it10. He paid the bo

23、y $10 for washing ten windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which 填空：填空：1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. He is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _ will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _ I had.whose whom/thatwhich/that whothat6. Tom is the first boy _ left the room.7. Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.8. You can read any book _ I have.9. That was the year _ I went to Ame