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1、專業(yè)好文檔經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)積分學(xué)一、單項(xiàng)選擇題1在切線斜率為2x的積分曲線族中,通過點(diǎn)(1, 4)的曲線為( a ) ay = x2 + 3 by = x2 + 4 cy = 2x + 2 dy = 4x 2. 若= 2,則k =( a ) a1 b-1 c0 d 3下列等式不成立的是( d ) a b c d 4若,則=(d ).a. b. c. d. 5. ( b ) a b c d 6. 若,則f (x) =( c ) a b- c d- 7. 若是的一個(gè)原函數(shù),則下列等式成立的是( b ) a bc d 8下列定積分中積分值為0的是( a ) a b c d 9下列無窮積分中收斂的是( c
2、 ) a b c d10設(shè)(q)=100-4q ,若銷售量由10單位減少到5單位,則收入r的改變量是( b ) a-550 b-350 c350 d以上都不對(duì) 11下列微分方程中,( d )是線性微分方程 a b c d 12微分方程的階是(c ).a. 4 b. 3 c. 2 d. 113在切線斜率為2x的積分曲線族中,通過點(diǎn)(1, 3)的曲線為( c )a b c d 14下列函數(shù)中,( c )是的原函數(shù)a- b c d 15下列等式不成立的是( d ) a b c d 16若,則=(d ).a. b. c. d. 17. ( b ) ab c d 18. 若,則f (x) =( c )a
3、 b- c d- 19. 若是的一個(gè)原函數(shù),則下列等式成立的是( b ) a bc d 20下列定積分中積分值為0的是( a ) a b c d 21下列無窮積分中收斂的是( c ) a b c d 22下列微分方程中,( d )是線性微分方程 a b c d 23微分方程的階是(c ).a. 4 b. 3 c. 2 d. 124.設(shè)函數(shù),則該函數(shù)是( a ).a. 奇函數(shù) b.偶函數(shù) c.非奇非偶函數(shù) d.既奇又偶函數(shù)25. 若,則( a )a. b. c. d. 26. 曲線在處的切線方程為( a ). a b c d 27. 若的一個(gè)原函數(shù)是, 則=(d) ab c d 28. 若, 則
4、( c ). a. b. c. d. 二、填空題1 2函數(shù)的原函數(shù)是-cos2x + c (c 是任意常數(shù)) 3若,則.4若,則= .50. 607無窮積分是收斂的(判別其斂散性)8設(shè)邊際收入函數(shù)為(q) = 2 + 3q,且r (0) = 0,則平均收入函數(shù)為2 + 9. 是 2 階微分方程. 10微分方程的通解是1112。答案:13函數(shù)f (x) = sin2x的原函數(shù)是14若,則. 答案:15若,則= . 答案:16. 答案:017答案:018無窮積分是答案:1 19. 是 階微分方程. 答案:二階20微分方程的通解是答案: 21. 函數(shù)的定義域是(-2,-1)u(-1,222. 若,則
5、4 23. 已知,則=27+27 ln324. 若函數(shù)在的鄰域內(nèi)有定義,且則1.25. 若, 則-1/2 (三) 判斷題11. . ( × )12. 若函數(shù)在點(diǎn)連續(xù),則一定在點(diǎn)處可微. ( × ) 13. 已知,則= ( )14. . ( × ). 15. 無窮限積分是發(fā)散的. ( 三、計(jì)算題 解 2 2解 3 3解 4 4解 = =5 5解 = = 6 6解 7 7解 = 88解 =-=9 9解法一 = =1 解法二 令,則 =10求微分方程滿足初始條件的特解10解 因?yàn)?, 用公式 由 , 得 所以,特解為 11求微分方程滿足初始條件的特解11解 將方程分離變
6、量: 等式兩端積分得 將初始條件代入,得 ,c = 所以,特解為: 12求微分方程滿足 的特解. 12解:方程兩端乘以,得 即 兩邊求積分,得 通解為: 由,得 所以,滿足初始條件的特解為: 13求微分方程 的通解13解 將原方程分離變量 兩端積分得 lnlny = lnc sinx 通解為 y = ec sinx 14求微分方程的通解.14. 解 將原方程化為:,它是一階線性微分方程, ,用公式 15求微分方程的通解 15解 在微分方程中,由通解公式 16求微分方程的通解 16解:因?yàn)?,由通解公式?= = = 17 解 = = 18 解: 19解:= 20 解: =(答案: 21 解: 2
7、2 解 =23 24. 2526設(shè),求 27. 設(shè),求. 28設(shè)是由方程確定的隱函數(shù),求.29設(shè)是由方程確定的隱函數(shù),求.30. 31.32. 33.34.35. 36. 37. 四、應(yīng)用題 1投產(chǎn)某產(chǎn)品的固定成本為36(萬元),且邊際成本為=2x + 40(萬元/百臺(tái)). 試求產(chǎn)量由4百臺(tái)增至6百臺(tái)時(shí)總成本的增量,及產(chǎn)量為多少時(shí),可使平均成本達(dá)到最低. 1解 當(dāng)產(chǎn)量由4百臺(tái)增至6百臺(tái)時(shí),總成本的增量為 = 100(萬元) 又 = = 令 , 解得. x = 6是惟一的駐點(diǎn),而該問題確實(shí)存在使平均成本達(dá)到最小的值. 所以產(chǎn)量為6百臺(tái)時(shí)可使平均成本達(dá)到最小. 2已知某產(chǎn)品的邊際成本(x)=2(元
8、/件),固定成本為0,邊際收益(x)=12-0.02x,問產(chǎn)量為多少時(shí)利潤最大?在最大利潤產(chǎn)量的基礎(chǔ)上再生產(chǎn)50件,利潤將會(huì)發(fā)生什么變化? 2解 因?yàn)檫呺H利潤 =12-0.02x 2 = 10-0.02x 令= 0,得x = 500 x = 500是惟一駐點(diǎn),而該問題確實(shí)存在最大值. 所以,當(dāng)產(chǎn)量為500件時(shí),利潤最大. 當(dāng)產(chǎn)量由500件增加至550件時(shí),利潤改變量為 =500 - 525 = - 25 (元)即利潤將減少25元. 3生產(chǎn)某產(chǎn)品的邊際成本為(x)=8x(萬元/百臺(tái)),邊際收入為(x)=100-2x(萬元/百臺(tái)),其中x為產(chǎn)量,問產(chǎn)量為多少時(shí),利潤最大?從利潤最大時(shí)的產(chǎn)量再生產(chǎn)2
9、百臺(tái),利潤有什么變化? 3. 解 (x) =(x) -(x) = (100 2x) 8x =100 10x 令(x)=0, 得 x = 10(百臺(tái))又x = 10是l(x)的唯一駐點(diǎn),該問題確實(shí)存在最大值,故x = 10是l(x)的最大值點(diǎn),即當(dāng)產(chǎn)量為10(百臺(tái))時(shí),利潤最大. 又 4已知某產(chǎn)品的邊際成本為(萬元/百臺(tái)),x為產(chǎn)量(百臺(tái)),固定成本為18(萬元),求最低平均成本. 4解:因?yàn)榭偝杀竞瘮?shù)為 = 當(dāng)x = 0時(shí),c(0) = 18,得 c =18即 c(x)= 又平均成本函數(shù)為 令 , 解得x = 3 (百臺(tái))該題確實(shí)存在使平均成本最低的產(chǎn)量. 所以當(dāng)x = 3時(shí),平均成本最低.
10、最底平均成本為 (萬元/百臺(tái)) 5設(shè)生產(chǎn)某產(chǎn)品的總成本函數(shù)為 (萬元),其中x為產(chǎn)量,單位:百噸銷售x百噸時(shí)的邊際收入為(萬元/百噸),求: (1) 利潤最大時(shí)的產(chǎn)量;(2) 在利潤最大時(shí)的產(chǎn)量的基礎(chǔ)上再生產(chǎn)1百噸,利潤會(huì)發(fā)生什么變化? 5解:(1) 因?yàn)檫呺H成本為 ,邊際利潤 = 14 2x 令,得x = 7 由該題實(shí)際意義可知,x = 7為利潤函數(shù)l(x)的極大值點(diǎn),也是最大值點(diǎn). 因此,當(dāng)產(chǎn)量為7百噸時(shí)利潤最大. (2) 當(dāng)產(chǎn)量由7百噸增加至8百噸時(shí),利潤改變量為 =112 64 98 + 49 = - 1 (萬元)即利潤將減少1萬元. 6投產(chǎn)某產(chǎn)品的固定成本為36(萬元),且邊際成本為
11、=2x + 40(萬元/百臺(tái)). 試求產(chǎn)量由4百臺(tái)增至6百臺(tái)時(shí)總成本的增量,及產(chǎn)量為多少時(shí),可使平均成本達(dá)到最低.解 當(dāng)產(chǎn)量由4百臺(tái)增至6百臺(tái)時(shí),總成本的增量為 = 100(萬元) 又 = = 令 , 解得. x = 6是惟一的駐點(diǎn),而該問題確實(shí)存在使平均成本達(dá)到最小的值. 所以產(chǎn)量為6百臺(tái)時(shí)可使平均成本達(dá)到最小.7已知某產(chǎn)品的邊際成本為(萬元/百臺(tái)),x為產(chǎn)量(百臺(tái)),固定成本為18(萬元),求最低平均成本. 解:因?yàn)榭偝杀竞瘮?shù)為 = 當(dāng)x = 0時(shí),c(0) = 18,得 c =18即 c(x)= 又平均成本函數(shù)為 令 , 解得x = 3 (百臺(tái))該題確實(shí)存在使平均成本最低的產(chǎn)量. 所以當(dāng)
12、x = 3時(shí),平均成本最低. 最底平均成本為 (萬元/百臺(tái)) 8生產(chǎn)某產(chǎn)品的邊際成本為(x)=8x(萬元/百臺(tái)),邊際收入為(x)=100-2x(萬元/百臺(tái)),其中x為產(chǎn)量,問產(chǎn)量為多少時(shí),利潤最大?從利潤最大時(shí)的產(chǎn)量再生產(chǎn)2百臺(tái),利潤有什么變化?解:已知(x)=8x(萬元/百臺(tái)),(x)=100-2x,則令,解出唯一駐點(diǎn) 由該題實(shí)際意義可知,x = 10為利潤函數(shù)l(x)的極大值點(diǎn),也是最大值點(diǎn). 因此,當(dāng)產(chǎn)量為10百臺(tái)時(shí)利潤最大. 從利潤最大時(shí)的產(chǎn)量再生產(chǎn)2百臺(tái),利潤的改變量為(萬元)即利潤將減少20萬元. 9設(shè)生產(chǎn)某產(chǎn)品的總成本函數(shù)為 (萬元),其中x為產(chǎn)量,單位:百噸銷售x百噸時(shí)的邊際
13、收入為(萬元/百噸),求: (1) 利潤最大時(shí)的產(chǎn)量;(2) 在利潤最大時(shí)的產(chǎn)量的基礎(chǔ)上再生產(chǎn)1百噸,利潤會(huì)發(fā)生什么變化? 解:(1) 因?yàn)檫呺H成本為 ,邊際利潤 = 14 2x 令,得x = 7 由該題實(shí)際意義可知,x = 7為利潤函數(shù)l(x)的極大值點(diǎn),也是最大值點(diǎn). 因此,當(dāng)產(chǎn)量為7百噸時(shí)利潤最大. (2) 當(dāng)產(chǎn)量由7百噸增加至8百噸時(shí),利潤改變量為 =112 64 98 + 49 = - 1 (萬元)即利潤將減少1萬元. "if we don't do that it will go on and go on. we have to stop it; we need
14、the courage to do it."his comments came hours after fifa vice-president jeffrey webb - also in london for the fa's celebrations - said he wanted to meet ivory coast international toure to discuss his complaint.cska general director roman babaev says the matter has been "exaggerated&quo
15、t; by the ivorian and the british media.blatter, 77, said: "it has been decided by the fifa congress that it is a nonsense for racism to be dealt with with fines. you can always find money from somebody to pay them."it is a nonsense to have matches played without spectators because it is a
16、gainst the spirit of football and against the visiting team. it is all nonsense."we can do something better to fight racism and discrimination."this is one of the villains we have today in our game. but it is only with harsh sanctions that racism and discrimination can be washed out of foo
17、tball."the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifa's anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football association's 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend city's premier league match at chelsea on sunday."i am going to be at the mat
18、ch tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure," he told bbc sport."for me it's about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was."uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against cska for the "racist behaviour of their fa
19、ns" during city's 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european football's governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee's actions.cska said they were "surprised and disappointed" by toure's complaint. in a statement the russian side
20、 added: "we found no racist insults from fans of cska."baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2
21、mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even
22、higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he wil
23、l slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.below, the earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. still, he'll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. it will be like he is diving into the shallow end.skydiver preps for the big jumpwhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he
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