上海市初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)基本詞匯表詞性轉(zhuǎn)換及其專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1、上海市初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)基本詞匯表詞 性 轉(zhuǎn) 換 一 覽 表組別單詞詞性釋義1actv.n.扮演；表演行動(dòng)activeadj.積極的；主動(dòng)的activityn.活動(dòng)actorn.男演員actressn.女演員2ableadj.有能力的abilityn.能力3addv.加上additionn.加；增加4agen.年齡agedadj.有之年歲的5american.美國(guó)；美洲americanadj.n.美國(guó)的；美洲的美國(guó)人6angryadj.生氣的；憤怒的angrilyadv.生氣地；憤怒地7appearv.出現(xiàn)disappearv.消失8artn.藝術(shù)artistn.藝術(shù)家；畫(huà)家9attractv.吸引

2、attractionn.吸引；吸引力；吸引物attractiveadj.有吸引力的10australian.澳大利亞australianadj.n.澳大利亞的澳大利亞人11badadj.糟糕的；可惜的；壞的；嚴(yán)重的worseadj.更糟糕的；更可惜的；更壞的；更嚴(yán)重的worstadj.最糟糕的；最可惜的；最壞的；最嚴(yán)重的12beautifuladj.美麗的beautifullyadv.優(yōu)美地13beginv.開(kāi)始；著手beginningn.開(kāi)始；開(kāi)端14brightadj.明亮的；聰明的brightlyadv.明亮地15britainn.英國(guó)britishn.adj.英國(guó)人英國(guó)的16build

3、v.建造；建筑buildingn.建筑物；大樓rebuildv.重建17busyadj.忙的businessn.商業(yè)；生意businessmann.商人businesswomann.女商人18canadan.加拿大canadianadj.n.加拿大的加拿大人19caren.v.小心；關(guān)心；照管小心；關(guān)心；照管carefuladj.小心的；仔細(xì)的carefullyadv.小心地；仔細(xì)地20causen.v.原因使產(chǎn)生；引起becauseconj.因?yàn)?1certainadj.一定的；有把握的certainlyadv.一定；無(wú)疑；是的；當(dāng)然；好22changev.n.改變；更改；兌零錢變化；找頭；

4、零錢changeableadj.易變的；可變的23chemicaladj.n.化學(xué)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)chemistryn.化學(xué)24chinan.中國(guó)chinesen.adj.中國(guó)人；漢語(yǔ)中國(guó)的25choosev.選擇choicen.選擇26clearadj.v.清晰的；明亮的；清楚的打掃；清掃；（天氣）放晴clearlyadv.清晰地；明亮地；清楚地27cloudn.云cloudyadj.多云的；陰天的28collectv.收集；采集collectionn.收集29crossv.穿過(guò)acrossprep.穿過(guò)；橫過(guò)30customn.習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗customern.顧客31cyclev.騎車bicycl

5、en.自行車32dangern.危險(xiǎn)dangerousadj.危險(xiǎn)的33diev.死deadadj.死的；無(wú)生命的deathn.死亡34decidev.決定；下決心decisionn.決定35developv.發(fā)展；開(kāi)發(fā)；培養(yǎng)developmentn.發(fā)展36differentadj.不同的；差異的differencen.區(qū)別37difficultadj.困難的；艱難的difficultyn.困難38discussv.討論discussionn.討論39drivev.駕駛；驅(qū)趕drivern.駕駛員；司機(jī)40easyadj.容易的；不費(fèi)力的easilyadv.容易地41educationn.教

6、育educationaladj.教育的42electricityn.電electricadj.電的43enginen.引擎；發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)engineern.工程師44englandn.英格蘭englishn.adj.英國(guó)人；英語(yǔ)英國(guó)的；英語(yǔ)的45enjoyv.欣賞；享有；喜歡enjoyableadj.使人愉快的；使人歡樂(lè)的46enterv.進(jìn)入；參加entrancen.入口47examn.考試；測(cè)試；檢查examinev.檢查；細(xì)查；對(duì)進(jìn)行考試48excitedadj.興奮的excitingadj.使人興奮的49expensen.花費(fèi)；費(fèi)用expensiveadj.昂貴的50farmn.農(nóng)場(chǎng)；農(nóng)莊f

7、armern.農(nóng)民，農(nóng)夫51favourn.恩惠favouriteadj.最喜愛(ài)的52finaladj.最后的；最終的finallyadv.最終，最后53flyv.飛；飛行；乘飛機(jī)旅行flightn.飛行54followv.聽(tīng)從followingadj.下列的55fooln.v.傻子愚弄；欺騙foolishadj.愚蠢的；傻的56foreignadj.外國(guó)的foreignern.外國(guó)人57forgetv.忘記；忘掉forgetfuladj.健忘的58freezev.結(jié)冰freezingadj.凍結(jié)的；極冷的frozenadj.冰凍的59fillv.裝滿；注滿fulladj.滿的60funn.樂(lè)

8、趣；趣事；玩笑funnyadj.滑稽的；可笑的61gentleadj.溫柔的gentlyadv.輕柔的62germanyn.德國(guó)germann.adj.德國(guó)人；德語(yǔ)德國(guó)的63goldn.金；黃金goldenadj.金色的64goodadj.好的；良好的betteradj.更好的bestadj.最好的65happyadj.幸福的；快樂(lè)的happilyadv.幸福地；快樂(lè)地66healthn.健康healthyadj.健康的unhealthyadj.不健康的67hotadj.熱的heatn.v.熱度；熱量加熱68heavyadj.重的heavilyadv.沉重地；大量地69highadj.高的he

9、ightn.高度70helpn.v.幫助幫助helpfuladj.有幫助的；有益的71historyn.歷史historicaladj.歷史的；歷史上72homen.adv.家家；在家；回家homelessadj.無(wú)家可歸的73honestadj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的；正直的honestyn.誠(chéng)實(shí)dishonestadj.不誠(chéng)實(shí)的74hungryadj.饑餓的hungrilyadv.饑餓地75illadj.有病的；不健康的illnessn.??；疾病76importantadj.重要的importancen.重要性77indooradj.室內(nèi)的outdooradj.戶外的78insideprep.adv.在里

10、面；在之內(nèi)之內(nèi)；在里面，在內(nèi)部outsideprep.adv.在外邊在外79interestn.興趣；趣味interestedadj.感興趣的interestingadj.有趣的；有意思的80inventv.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造inventionn.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造；發(fā)明物inventorn.發(fā)明者，發(fā)明家81invitev.邀請(qǐng)invitationn.邀請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)柬82italyn.意大利italiann.adj.意大利人；意大利語(yǔ)意大利的；意大利語(yǔ)的83japann.日本japanesen.adj.日本人；日語(yǔ)日本的84kindadj.友好的；和善的kindnessn.仁慈；好意85knowv.了解；知道；認(rèn)

11、識(shí)knowledgen.知識(shí)86lateadj.adv.晚的；遲的晚；遲lateradv.后來(lái)；以后87lawn.法律lawyern.律師88longadj.長(zhǎng)的lengthn.長(zhǎng)度89libraryn.圖書(shū)館librariann.圖書(shū)管理員90likev.喜歡dislikev.不喜歡91likeprep.像likelyadj.很可能發(fā)生的；有希望的92littleadj.少量的lessadj.更少的leastadj.最小的93livev.居住；活著；生存；生活aliveadj.活著的（作表語(yǔ)）94locatev.確定的地點(diǎn)；把設(shè)置在localadj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?；地方的locationn.位置；場(chǎng)

12、所95loudadj.響亮的；大聲的loudlyadv.大聲地96lovev.n.愛(ài)；熱愛(ài)；喜歡愛(ài)；熱愛(ài)；喜歡lovelyadj.可愛(ài)的；好看的；美好的97luckn.幸運(yùn)；運(yùn)氣luckyadj.幸運(yùn)的；吉祥的luckilyadv.幸運(yùn)地；僥幸地98mainadj.主要的mainlyadv.主要地99managev.管理；處理；經(jīng)營(yíng)managern.經(jīng)理100medicinen.藥medicaladj.醫(yī)學(xué)的；醫(yī)療的101meetv.碰見(jiàn)；遇見(jiàn)；會(huì)見(jiàn)；迎接；滿足meetingn.會(huì)；集會(huì)102memoryn.記憶memorizev.記住103mixv.混合mixturen.混合物104many

13、/muchadj.許多的moreadj.更多的mostadj.最多的105motorn.電動(dòng)機(jī)；馬達(dá)motorcyclen.摩托車106nationn.民族nationaladj.民族的；國(guó)家的；全國(guó)性的nationalityn.國(guó)籍internationaladj.國(guó)際的107naturen.大自然naturaladj.大自然的；自然的108nearprep.adj.在附近；靠近近的；附近的nearbyadj.adv.附近的在附近109needn.v.需要；必要需要necessaryadj.必要的；必須的110newadj.新的；新鮮的newsn.新聞111noisen.聲音；響聲；噪聲no

14、isyadj.嘈雜的；喧鬧的112officen.辦公室officern.官員；辦事員officialadj.n.官方的；官員的官員113operatev.施行手術(shù)；開(kāi)刀operationn.手術(shù)114organizev.組織organizationn.組織；團(tuán)體；機(jī)構(gòu)115ownv.adj.n.擁有；所有自己的屬于自己的東西ownern.擁有者；物主116paintv.n.（用顏料的）畫(huà)；繪涂料；顏料paintern.畫(huà)家；繪畫(huà)者；漆工paintingn.畫(huà)；油畫(huà)；水彩畫(huà)117passv.傳遞；通過(guò)passagen.通道118personn.人peoplen.人；人們119physicsn.

15、物理physicaladj.物理的；身體的120pleasuren.愉快；高興pleasedadj.感到高興的；感到滿意的pleasantadj.令人愉快的121pollutev.污染pollutionn.污染122possibleadj.可能的；可能發(fā)生的possiblyadv.可能地；也許impossibleadj.不可能的123powern.v.電源；力量；能源提供動(dòng)力powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的124protectv.保護(hù)protectionn.保護(hù)；防護(hù)125provev.證明improvev.提高；改善126quickadj.快的；迅速的quicklyadv.快地；迅速地127r

16、ainn.v.雨；雨水下雨rainyadj.有雨的；多雨的128realadj.真的；真正的reallyadv.真正地；確實(shí)realizev.認(rèn)識(shí)到；意識(shí)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)129recentadj.最近的；近來(lái)的recentlyadv.最近；新近；近來(lái)130recordn.v.記錄；唱片；錄了音的磁帶記錄；將（聲音，景象等）錄下recordern.錄音機(jī)131reportv.n.報(bào)告；匯報(bào)報(bào)告；匯報(bào)；成績(jī)單reportern.記者132responsen.相應(yīng)；反應(yīng)；作答responsibleadj.負(fù)責(zé)的；有責(zé)任的133reviewv.復(fù)習(xí)revisionn.復(fù)習(xí)134sadadj.悲傷的；使人悲傷的

17、sadlyadv.難過(guò)地；悲傷地135safeadj.n.安全的；平安的保險(xiǎn)柜safelyadv.安全地；平安地safetyn.安全136sayv.說(shuō)；講sayingn.諺語(yǔ)；俗語(yǔ)；格言137sciencen.科學(xué)；自然科學(xué)scientistn.科學(xué)家138secondadj.第二的；次要的secondaryadj.中等的；第二的139seriousadj.嚴(yán)重的seriouslyadv.嚴(yán)肅地；嚴(yán)重地140servev.為服務(wù)servicen.服務(wù)；公用事業(yè)141shortadj.短的；矮的shortsn.短褲142slowadj.慢的；緩慢的slowlyadv.慢地；緩慢地143snown

18、.v.雪下雪snowyadj.多雪的；下雪的144softadj.軟的softlyadv.溫柔地145solvev.解決；解答solutionn.解決（方法）；解答146singv.唱；演唱songn.歌曲；歌唱147speakv.說(shuō)話；講話speechn.說(shuō)話；講話；演講148successn.成功succeedv.獲得成功；達(dá)到目的149suggestv.建議，提議suggestionn.建議，提議150sunn.太陽(yáng)；陽(yáng)光sunnyadj.陽(yáng)光充足的；晴朗的151surprisen.v.驚奇使驚奇surprisedadj.感到驚奇的152teachv.教；教書(shū)teachern.教師；教員

19、153tellv.告訴；講述；吩咐retellv.復(fù)述154thankv.n.感謝；謝謝感謝；謝謝thankfuladj.感激的155togetheradv.一起altogetheradv.總共；總計(jì)156tourn.旅行；觀光touristn.游客；旅行者157trueadj.真的；真實(shí)的truthn.真理；真相158usualadj.通常的unusualadj.不尋常的，異常的usuallyadv.通常；經(jīng)常159usev.n.使用；運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用用途；用法usefuladj.有用的；有益的160visitv.n.參觀；訪問(wèn)；拜訪參觀；訪問(wèn)；拜訪visitorn.參觀者；訪問(wèn)者161waitv

20、.等；等候waitern.侍者；服務(wù)員waitressn.女侍者；女服務(wù)員162weighv.稱的重量；重weightn.重量163welladv.adj.好；令人滿意地；完全地健康的betteradv.更好地bestadv.最好地164westn.西；西方westernadj.西方的165wideadj.寬闊的；廣泛的widelyadv.寬闊地；廣泛地widenv.拓寬166windn.風(fēng)windyadj.有風(fēng)的；刮風(fēng)的167winv.獲勝；贏得winnern.獲勝者168wiseadj.明智的，聰明的wisdomn.智慧，才智169wondern.奇跡；奇觀wonderfuladj.極好的

21、；精彩的170woodn.木頭woodenadj.木（質(zhì)）的171workv.n.工作；干活；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)工作；勞動(dòng)；（要做的）事情workern.工人172woundn.創(chuàng)傷；傷woundedadj.受傷的173writev.書(shū)寫(xiě)；寫(xiě)信；寫(xiě)作；著作writern.作家174onenum.一；一個(gè)onceadv.一次175twonum.二；兩twiceadv.兩次；兩倍其 他 須 掌 握 的 詞 性 轉(zhuǎn) 換1 基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞下列數(shù)詞應(yīng)背出one à firsttwo à secondthree à thirdfive à fiftheight à

22、 eighthnine à ninthtwelve à twelfthtwenty à twentieththirty à thirtiethforty-one à forty-first2 形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)規(guī)則small à smaller à smallestbig à bigger à biggestgentle à gentler à gentlestheavy à heavier à heaviestbeautiful à more

23、beautiful à most beautifulslowly à more slowly à most slowly不規(guī)則good/well à better à bestbad/badly/ill à worse à worstfar à farther/further à farthest/furthestmuch/many à more à mostlittle à less à leastold à older/elder à old

24、est/eldest3 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則girl à girlsboy à boysbus à busesbox à boxesdish à disheswatch à watchesfactory à factoriescountry à countriesknife à knivesscarf à scarvesgerman à germansamerican à americans不規(guī)則man à menwoman à womenpoliceman

25、 à policemenfoot à feettooth à teethfish à fishchinese à chinesejapanese à japaneseman driver à men driverswoman teacher à women teachers4 各人稱的不同代詞形式 類別人稱人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyou

26、ryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves詞性轉(zhuǎn)換專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1 are you _ (ability) to complete this plan in three days?2 im sure that you have the _ (able) to complete it in three days.3 a: would you like to be an _ (act)?b:no, id like to be a po

27、liceman.4 the award for this years best _ (act) went to meryl streep (梅麗爾·斯特里普).5 the school offers many after-school _ (act) for the students.6 mrs brown is over 80 now but she is still quite _ (act).7 in _ (add) to an album, i gave him a pen and a pencil.8 the little girl has begun to learn t

28、o _ (addition) and subtract.9 although the boy is _ (age) five, he is able to help his mum with the housework.10 i have a younger sister and she is about your _ (aged).11 if you compare british football with _ (america) football youll find many differences.12 i visited a few campuses when i was in _

29、 (american).13 dont be _ (angrily). we are just fooling.14 she slammed the telephone down _ (angry).15 did you see my wallet? it has _ (appear) from the table.16 the report about that famous singer killing people will _ (disappear) in tomorrows newspapers.17 its really interesting to see so many _ (

30、baby) in the baby-care centre in the hospital.18 these _ (army) will be sent to that country to keep it in peaceful order.19 do you know that _ (art) over there? it is said that he is 104 years old.20 im not interested in _ (artist) at all. shall we change a topic and talk about music?21 the famous

31、disneyland park in hong kong _ (attraction) millions of tourists every year.22 there are so many _ (attract) in hong kong disneyland park that millions of tourists visit there every year.23 fashions are really an _ (attract) to me. i cant help buying the latest fashions.24 that model showed us a qui

32、te _ (attract), blue, silk dress.25 if you want to visit _ (australian), id suggest you go to the great ocean road.26 the _ (australia) company helped the local people build a new charity school here.27 i have never seen a _ (bad) film before.28 that is the _ (bad) film i have ever seen.29 at the _

33、(begin) the film, i couldnt understand what it was about.30 leaves _ (beginning) to fall down from trees when autumn comes.31 the sun shines _ (bright) high in the sky.32 the classroom isnt _ (brightly) enough for students to study in.33 i couldnt forget the weeks that i had spent in _ (british). it

34、 is really a country with mysterious history.34 if you enjoy sweet food, you will prefer these _ (britain) candies. theyre nice but too sweet for me.35 it is said that they will _ (build) the tower next year. the old one will be broken down next month.36 have you visited the shanghai commercial cent

35、re the tallest _ (build) in shanghai yet?37 why are you as _ (business) as a bee these days?38 that company does _ (busy) with some factories in africa.39 simon would like to be a _ (business) when he grows up.40 do you know linda, that successful _ (business) in our city?41 _ (canadian) is also cal

36、led the country of maple leaf.42 can you get any _ (canada) products in shanghai? they dont seem very popular here.43 someone _ (canada) will visit our school this coming friday.44 when you try to hold a kitten, take it up _ (careful).45 the mother held her baby with _ (careful).46 i am always _ (ca

37、re) when crossing the roads.47 what was the _ (because) of the accident?48 john didnt attend the meeting _ (cause) he was ill.49 i was _ (certainly) that he had seen me.50 may i use you bicycle? _ (certain).51 many _ (changeable) have taken place since then.52 the weather is so _ (change) at this of

38、 year.53 the _ (chemistry) symbol for copper is cu.54 we have three periods of _ (chemical) this week.55 _ (china) people are working hard to make the country richer and more beautiful.56 _ (chinese) is an oriental country with a long history.57 the shop has a wide _ (choose) of hats.58 you may do a

39、s you _ (choice).59 have you _ (choice) what you want for your birthday?60 he spoke so _ (clear) that i could hear every word.61 he said she was a lady with a _ (clearly) mind.62 the sky became suddenly covered with dark _ (cloudy).63 the sky was _ (cloud), so i took my umbrella.64 before you begin

40、to make a speech, you should _ (collection) your thoughts and ideas.65 he has a very good _ (collect) of foreign coins.66 the celebration of christmas is a _ (customer).67 the _ (custom) will go to law for the bad service.68 i am unable to _ (bicycle) to school because my bike is broken.69 he lost c

41、ontrol of his _ (cycle) and fell down.70 it is _ (danger) to walk on thin ice in a lake.71 the wounded policeman is now out of _ (dangerous).72 his secret _ (dead) with him, for he never told anyone.73 there was a _ (die) silence after the announcement.74 car accident caused many _ (die).75 who made

42、 the _ (decide) to go fishing?76 as to where to go, they haven't _ (decision) yet.77 the builders are _ (development) that part of the city.78 this is an important stage in our country's _ (develop).79 can you tell the _ (different) between an ape and a monkey?80 my husband has several shirt

43、s of _ (difference) colors.81 he finished the work without any _ (difficult).82 mathematics is _ (difficulty) for some students.83 we will _ (discussion) the proposal at the meeting.84 we had a _ (discuss) on language and communication.85 the bus _ (drive) asked the passengers to buy tickets.86 it i

44、s dangerous to _ (driver) after drinking.87 you can find books _ (easy) in this library.88 the rich young woman has an _ (easily) life.89 it was the most _ (education) experience i had ever had.90 the government's policy on higher _ (educational) is a success.91 while i was cooking supper the _

45、(electric) went off.92 he bought an _ (electricity) hair-dryer for mary.93 press this button to start the _ (engineer).94 his dream is to become an _ (engine).95 i must work to improve my _ (england).96 the _ (england) countryside looks at its best in spring.97 the english channel divides _ (english

46、) from france.98 i hope you _ (enjoyable) yourself this evening.99 last night was the most _ (enjoy) time i've had in a month of sundays.100 he showed me how to _ (entrance) data (數(shù)據(jù)) into the computer.101 there is a front and a back _ (enter) to the house.102 he repeatedly fails to pass the _ (examine).103 the doctor _ (exam) the boy and found there was nothing the matter with him.104 she is very _ (exciting) about winning the first p