小學(xué)英語時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)

1、小學(xué)英語語法【一】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue. 天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day. 我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1.be 動(dòng)詞 ：肯定句： 主語 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如： I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：肯定句：主語 +行為動(dòng)詞 (+其它 )。如： We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。

2、當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s" 或 "-es"。如： Mary likes Chinese. 瑪麗喜歡漢語。動(dòng)詞 +s 的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如： cook-cooks,2以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以 “輔音字母 +y ”結(jié)尾，變y 為 i, 再加 -es，如： study-studies特殊： have-has三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1.be 動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句： 主語

3、+ be + not + 其它。如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語 +其它。如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句： 主語 + don't( doesn't ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 (+其它 )。如： I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't 構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問

4、句：Do( Does ) + 主語 +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它。如： - Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does 構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如： - Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句？如：How does your father go to work?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法練習(xí)一、出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _stay _make _look _ have_

5、 pass_carry _come_watch_plant_ fly _study_ brush_do_teach_ likeplayreadwashbe二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.He often _(have) dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3.We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like) the World Cup?6.What _they often _(do) on Saturda

6、ys?7._ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8.The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10.There _(be) some water in the bottle.11.Mike _(like) cooking.12.They _(have) the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14.You always _(do)

7、your homework well.15.I _(be) ill. I m staying in bed.16.She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18.The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? It s Saturday.三、按照要求改寫句子1.Daniel watches TV

8、 every evening.( 改為否定句 )_2.I do my homework every day.( 改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3.She likes milk.( 改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_4.Amy likes playing computer games.( 改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5.We go to school every morning.( 改為否定句 )_6.He speaks English very well.( 改為否定句 )_7.I like taking photos in the park.( 對(duì)劃線部分提問)_8.John comes fr

9、om Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_9.She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)_四、改錯(cuò) (劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1.Isyour brother speak English?_2.Does he likes going fishing?_3.He likes play games after class._4.Mr. Wu teachs us English._5.She don t do her homeworkn Sundays

10、. _小學(xué)英語語法【二】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞 ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be 后加 not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞 + be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞 ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞 ing?標(biāo)志詞： looknowlistenIt s點(diǎn)+鐘動(dòng)詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing，如：

11、make-making, taste-tasting ,write writing , ride riding ,have havingcomecomingdance dancinglive livingtaketakingskate skating3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如： swim swimmingbeginbeginningrun-running, sit sittingput puttingget gettingshop shoppingstop- stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_run_swim_m

12、ake_go_skate_write_ ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_see_ buy_love_live_take_come _get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2.Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3.My mother _ ( cook )some nice foodnow.4.What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an

13、 English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9.It 5s o clock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.They are doing housework .( 分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)_2 The stud

14、ents are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)_3 I m playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問 )_4 Tom is reading books in his study . ( 對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)小學(xué)英語語法【三】一般將來時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)

15、：be going to + do ； will+ do.三、 否定句：在be 動(dòng)詞（ am, is, are）后加 not 或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will 后加 not 成 wont。例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon.notgoingImto have a picnic this afternoon.四、 一般疑問句：be 或 will 提到句首， some 改為 any, and 改為 or，第一二人稱互換。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go

16、on an outing this weekend?五、 對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1.問人。 Who 例如： I m going to New York soon.Whosgoing to New York soon.2.問干什么 。What do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問什么時(shí)候。When. 例如： She s going to go to b

17、ed at nine .When is she goingto bed?六、 同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.Wh

18、at _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go camping. （改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping.6.I ll go andinjothem. （改否定） I _ go _ join them.

19、7.I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow（改.一般疑問句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. （改一般疑問句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.My father and mother are going to see a play the

20、day after tomorrow.( 同上 )_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14.What do you usually do a

21、t weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15.It s Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _(watch) TV and_ (catch) insects.16.What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm.What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17.Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu

22、 Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19.David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20.I _ (plan) for my study now小學(xué)英語語法【四】一般過去時(shí)一、一般過去時(shí)語法介紹1一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2 Be 動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化： am 和 is 在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（ was not=wasnt） are 在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were。（ were not=were

23、n t）帶有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are 一樣，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not，一般疑問句把 was 或 were 調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有 be 動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句： didn t動(dòng)+詞原形，如： Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+ 主語 +動(dòng)詞原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？如： Who went

24、 to home yesterday?二、動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加 -ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是 e 加 d，如： taste-tasted3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母， 再加 -ed，如：stop-stopped4以 “輔音字母 +y ”結(jié)尾的，變 y 為 i， 再加 -ed，如： study-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：詞義現(xiàn)在（原形）過去式詞義現(xiàn)在（原形）過去式是am, is (be)was忘記forgetforgot是are (be)were得到getgot成為becomebecame

25、給givegave開始beginbegan走gowent彎曲bendbent成長growgrew吹blowblew有have, hashad買buybought聽hearheard能cancould受傷hurthurt捕捉catchcaught保持keepkept選擇choosechose知道knowknew來comecame學(xué)習(xí)learnlearned, learnt切cutcut允許，讓letlet做do, doesdid躺lielay畫drawdrew制造makemade飲drinkdrank可以maymight吃eatate意味meanmeant感覺feelfelt會(huì)見meetmet發(fā)

26、現(xiàn)findfound必須mustmust飛flyflew放置putput讀readread將shallshould騎、乘riderode唱歌singsang響、鳴ringrang坐下sitsat跑runran睡覺sleepslept說saysaid說speakspoke看見seesaw度過spendspent掃sweepswept三、過去時(shí)練習(xí)：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式isam_fly_ plant_ are_drink_ play_ go_make_does_dance_worry_ask_taste_eat_draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do_四、 Be 動(dòng)詞的過

27、去時(shí)練習(xí)Be 動(dòng)詞練習(xí)一（一） 用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week.3.We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8.The mobile phone

28、_ on the sofa yesterday evening.（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.It was exciting.否定句： _一般疑問句： _肯、否定回答： _2.All the students were very excited.否定句： _一般疑問句： _肯、否定回答： _Be 動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)二（一）用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3.They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.

29、5.The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June.It _ Children s Day. All the students _ very excited.（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句： _一般

30、疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_中譯英1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。_2他們的外套上個(gè)星期放在臥室里了。_3一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥。_五、行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)一（一）用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike

31、 yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party.（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. Nancy went to school early.否定句： _一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. We

32、sang some English songs.否定句： _一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)二（一）用be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he

33、_.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They played football in the playground. 否定句： _一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_漢譯英1. 格林先生去年住在中國。 _2. 昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場

34、。 _3. 他剛才在找他的手機(jī)。 _（一）用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) Ben s birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a goodelasttimnight.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (p

35、lay)7. Jim mothers _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a

36、moment ago.3. Don t _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)8. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look,

37、she _ (do) Chinese dances.9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)小學(xué)英語語法（五）（ Have 、 Has 和 There be 結(jié)構(gòu)）一、 Have、 Has 和 There be 結(jié)構(gòu)1、 There be 結(jié)構(gòu)包括there isthere arethere wasthere were2、意思都是 " 有 " 。3、和 have、has、 had 的區(qū)別：（ 1）

38、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）（ 2）在 there be 句型中，主語是單數(shù)， be 動(dòng)詞用 is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù)， be 動(dòng)詞用 are ; 如有幾件物品， be 動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最近 be 動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。即遵循就近原則。（ 3） there be 句型的否定句在be 動(dòng)詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。（ 4）there be 句型與 have(has) 的區(qū)別： there be 表示在某地有某物 （或人）；have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。（ 5） some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的運(yùn)用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或

39、疑問句。（ 6） and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的運(yùn)用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑問句。（ 7）針對(duì)數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ are there + 介詞短語？How much +不可數(shù)名詞+ is there + 介詞短語？（ 8）針對(duì)主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What's + 介詞短語？（ 9） There be 結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開頭，而have 等詞只能用于某一個(gè)主語后面。Fill in the blank with“ have,has ” or“ there is , there are”1. I_

40、a good father and a good mother.2. _a telescope on the desk.3. He_a tape-recorder.4. _a basketball in the playground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike_?10. _any books in the bookcase?11. My father_a story-book.12. _a story-book on the table.13. _any flowers in the vase?14. How many students_in the classroom?15. My parents_some nice picture