初三總復(fù)習(xí) 數(shù)詞、介詞、形容詞的用法

1、（初三培優(yōu)班老師）總復(fù)習(xí): 數(shù)詞、介詞、形容詞的用法授課日期：2015年2月2日授課內(nèi)容：復(fù)習(xí)數(shù)詞、介詞、形容詞的重點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)：使學(xué)生掌握數(shù)詞、介詞、形容詞的精髓。查缺補(bǔ)漏，通過做題看學(xué)生哪里是沒有完全掌握的再進(jìn)行精講。真題1. Im 13 years old and my sister is 15 years old. So my sister is_years older than me. A. one B. two C. three D. four2. May is the _ month of a year. 【2012 湖北隨州】A. fifty B. fifteen C. f

2、ifth D. five3. _ visitors come to Xingyi during May Day holidays every year. 【2012 黔西南】A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand4. How was your weekend? 【2012 廣東】 Great! It was my grandfathers _birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. Seventeenth

3、5. About _of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the_. 【2012 貴州 A. three five; 1996.B. three fifths; 1990s C. third fifth; 1997. D. third fifths; 1990s6. He wrote his _ novel when he was _. 【2012湖北恩施】A. five; fifties B. fifth; fiftyC. fifth; fiftieth7. A _ girl named Dong Xinyi looked

4、after her disabled father. 【2012雞西市】A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old8. Our school is going to hold the_Culture Festival. 【2012湖北宜昌】I see. And we can take part in _activities.A. tenth; tenth B. ten; tenth C. tenth; ten D. ten; ten1. B?？疾閿?shù)詞用法。句意為 “我13歲了，我姐姐15歲了，我姐姐比我大2歲?！惫蔬xB。2.

5、C。本題考查序數(shù)詞的用法，the fifth month意為“第五個(gè)月”。3. A?？疾閿?shù)詞。當(dāng)hundred，thousand，million和billion表示具體的數(shù)目時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式；4. B?？疾樾驍?shù)詞的用法，seventieth意為“第七十”，一般在前面加the，但因?yàn)楸绢}前面已經(jīng)有物主代詞修飾，所以不再加the。5. B。五分之三的表達(dá)是three fifths，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母要加-s。 1990s表示二十世紀(jì)九十年代，前面要加the修飾，而in 1996表示“在1996年”，不用加the。6. B。由novel是單數(shù)形式，可知選fifth而不是fiv

6、e，表示某人年齡大小時(shí)，用基數(shù)詞， 7. A。three-year-old由連字符構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，作定語修飾名詞girl，意為“一個(gè)三歲的女孩”。8. C。第一空用序數(shù)詞，表示“第十次文化節(jié)”，序數(shù)詞前面要用the修飾；第二空用基數(shù)詞， 表示“十次活動(dòng)”?？荚囈螅褐锌缄P(guān)于數(shù)詞的考查要求是：基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目和號(hào)碼的用法；基數(shù)詞表示年級(jí)、班級(jí)、房間和編號(hào)的用法；hundred，thousand，million和billion的用法；序數(shù)詞表示次序的用法；分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式及用法；定冠詞the和序數(shù)詞連用知識(shí)點(diǎn)等。數(shù)詞的概念：表示數(shù)量或順序的詞叫做數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞分為兩大類，即基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量

7、，如：one, two, three, four；序數(shù)詞表示順序，如：first, second, third, fourth，序數(shù)詞前一般要加定冠詞the。1.基數(shù)詞：A. 基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成：(1) 112的基數(shù)詞是：  one ，two，three, four， five, six, seven, eight , nine, ten , eleven ,twelve。(2) 1319的基數(shù)詞：  分別在39的基數(shù)詞后加詞綴teen，但要注意幾個(gè)特殊變化的基數(shù)詞：13thirteen，15fifteen，18eighteen。(3) 2090的逢十的基數(shù)詞

8、：   分別在29的基數(shù)詞后加ty構(gòu)成，即：20twenty，30thirty，40forty，50fifty，60sixty，70seventy，80eighty，90ninety。（注意20，30，40，50，80拼寫的特殊變化。）(4) 2129的基數(shù)詞：  由十位數(shù)20的單詞形式twenty加個(gè)位數(shù)19構(gòu)成。中間用連字符。即：21twenty-one，22twenty-two，23twenty-three，24twenty-four，25twenty-five，26twenty-six，27twenty-seven，28twenty-e

9、ight，29twenty-nine。其他十位數(shù)照此類推。(5) 百位數(shù)是由19加hundred構(gòu)成。   例如：200two hundred。有百位數(shù)、十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)的三位數(shù)，百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間用and連接。例如：127one hundred and twenty-seven。(6) 千位數(shù)是由19加thousand構(gòu)成，后面的百位數(shù)、十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)與前面的構(gòu)成方法一樣。例如：3000three thousand。1,149one thousand, one hundred and forty-nine。英語沒有“萬”這個(gè)單位。10,000ten thousand。十萬用

10、one hundred thousand，但有百萬這個(gè)單位million。B. 基數(shù)詞應(yīng)用的幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)：(1) 基數(shù)詞可以用來表示年級(jí)、班級(jí)、房間號(hào)碼、電話號(hào)碼和編號(hào)。表示單位詞的開頭字母要大寫。如：I am in Class Five, Grade Nine. 我在九年級(jí)五班。Tomorrow we are going to learn Lesson Five. 明天我們將要學(xué)習(xí)第五課。(2) 基數(shù)詞作為數(shù)字在句子中作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，但是代表可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：In the western countries, people think thirteen

11、is an unlucky number.在西方國家，人們認(rèn)為13是一個(gè)不吉利的數(shù)字。Two of them are from America.他們中有兩人是從美國來的。(Two = Two people)(3) 基數(shù)詞的單位hundred，thousand，million和billion等用來表示具體數(shù)目，前面有具體的基數(shù)詞時(shí)，這些詞的后面不加s。但是當(dāng)hundred，thousand，million和billion等用來表示不具體的數(shù)目時(shí)用“hundreds/ thousands/millions/ billions of 名詞”來表示，這些詞的前面也不用具體的基數(shù)詞。如：There ar

12、e ten hundred students in our school.We have already planted thousands of trees on the farm.我們在農(nóng)場里已經(jīng)種植了成千上萬棵樹。2. 序數(shù)詞：A. 序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成： (1)_ (2) 逢十的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是：先將“幾十”的基數(shù)詞的詞尾-ty變?yōu)?tie再加th。如：第20twentieth，第30thirtieth，第40fortieth。(3) 兩位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞如果包含19的個(gè)位數(shù)，十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，個(gè)位數(shù)用序數(shù)詞。如：第21（twenty-first），第34（thirty-fourth）等。(4) 百

13、、千、萬的序數(shù)詞有hundredhundredth，thousandthousandth等。B. 序數(shù)詞的用法：(1) 序數(shù)詞在句子中主要作定語，有時(shí)也可以用作主語、賓語和表語。如：The sixth man went forward to feel the elephant.第六個(gè)人走上前去摸象。I think the first is better than the second.我認(rèn)為第一個(gè)比第二個(gè)好。My sister is the fourth in this exam.我妹妹這次考試是第四名。(2) 定冠詞the和序數(shù)詞連用表示順序。不定冠詞a/an和序數(shù)詞連用表示“又一、再一”的

14、意思。如：You are the second and I am the fourth. 你第二，我第四。（表示順序）Can you do it a third time? 你能再做一次嗎？（已經(jīng)做過兩次了）3. 分?jǐn)?shù)表示法：分?jǐn)?shù)是以基數(shù)詞代表分子，序數(shù)詞代表分母，除了分子是“1”的情況外，分母的序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)。a half 1/2 one third 1/3 two thirds 2/3 a (one) quarter 或one fourth 1/4分?jǐn)?shù)在句子中作主語的時(shí)候，謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式由of后面的名詞來決定。如果of后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果of后

15、面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：It is said that two thirds of information on the Internet is not true 據(jù)說互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上三分之二的信息是不真實(shí)的。Two fifths of the students in my class are from the village.我們班五分之二的學(xué)生來自那個(gè)村子。4. 年、月、日、時(shí)的表示法(1) 年代890 eight hundred and ninety 1984 nineteen eighty-four2000 two thousand 2009 two thousa

16、nd and nine1990s (1990s) nineteen nineties 二十世紀(jì)九十年代(2) 日期September 1, 2009， 讀作：September the first, two thousand and nine(3) 時(shí)刻數(shù)字寫法 讀法8:008:108:158:308:408:45eight oclockten past eight(a) quarter past eighthalf past eighttwenty to nine(a) quarter to nineeighteight teneight fifteeneight thirtyeight f

17、ortyeight forty-five鞏固練習(xí)I. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Good morning, Madam. Can I help you? Sure, Id like _for cooking vegetables.A. two cups of tea B. three pieces of bread C. five kilos of oil D. four bottles of milk2. Nearly _of the earth _ covered by sea.A. three fourth，is B. three fourths，isC. three fourth，are D.

18、three fourths，are3. Well be back for our schools _anniversary ceremony.I see. That means youll have a get-together with your classmates in _ years.A. fifteen，seven B. fifteenth，seven C. fifteen，seventh D. fifteenth，seventh4. Which class won the match in the end? Im not quite sure. Perhaps _did.A. Cl

19、ass Third B. Third ClassC. Class Three D. Three Class5. There are _ people in the supermarket. Its so crowded.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of6. The number of the students in our school is about nine _. _ of them are boys.A. hundred; Two thirds B. hundred; Two thirdC. hundreds; Tw

20、o thirds D. hundreds; Two third7. My brother is a _ boy and he cant go to school now.A. four years B. four-year-old C. four-years-oldD. four years old8. It is said that the big fish in the lake is about _.A. four meters long B. four meter long C. four-meter long D. four-meters long9. Whats the date

21、today?It is _.A. March the eighth B. March eight C. eight March D. eighth March10. Where does your English teacher live? He lives on _ floor of that red building.A. fiveB. fifth C. the fifth D. the five11. This is my _time to play the piano at our school.A. secondB. two C. seconds D. the two12. Our

22、English teacher tells us that the _day of the week is Sunday.A. seven B. seventh C. firstD. one13. There are _days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundred and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty fiveD. three hundreds and sixty five14. My pen pal, Jack, is in_ in a high school in Ame

23、rican.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class Three D. One Grade, Three Class15. There are _months in a year and December is the _month of the year.A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelfth; twelfthII. 用括號(hào)中所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. My sister is going to hav

24、e a party for her _ (twelve) birthday.2. You can see _ (thousand) of trees around our village.3. Four _ (seven) of the people are going to plant trees on the hill tomorrow4. There are _ (hundred) of people dancing at the square after supper.5. His_ (one) name is Mike. But I dont know his family name

25、.6. I am in my (three)year in this middle school.7. He plans to take _ (second)months for his climb8. Alex is _ (fourth) years old and is taken good care of in the kindergarten.I單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. C。本題考查數(shù)量詞的表達(dá)法，由句意可知，需要油做菜，所以選C，指“五公斤食用油”。 2. B。本題考查分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于一時(shí)，分母要加-s。 所以四分之三是“three fourths”，地球表

26、面是不可數(shù)名詞，所以謂語用單數(shù)is。 3. B。本題考查基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的用法，第一空指第十五個(gè)紀(jì)念儀式，用序數(shù)詞fifteenth， 第二空指七年后，用基數(shù)詞seven，注意in后接一段時(shí)間的句子，常用將來時(shí)。 4. C。本題考查基數(shù)詞用來表示年級(jí)、班級(jí)、房間號(hào)碼、電話號(hào)碼和編號(hào)。要求單詞開頭字母要大寫。名詞在前，數(shù)詞在后。 5. D?！癶undreds/ thousands/millions/ billions of 名詞”來表示，6. A?；鶖?shù)詞后面的hundred不加-s，三分之二的正確表達(dá)是Two thirds。7. B。本題考查復(fù)合形容詞的用法，由基數(shù)詞單數(shù)名詞形容詞構(gòu)成，中間用連字

27、符。所以選擇B。 8. A。本題考查形容詞作表語的用法，表示某物多長、多寬或者多高，把形容詞放在后面， 中間的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，這些詞中間不用連字符。9. A。表示日期用序數(shù)詞，三月八日用March the eighth或者M(jìn)arch 8th表示。10. C。本題考查序數(shù)詞的用法，表示居住在第幾樓是定冠詞the和序數(shù)詞連用。 11. A。本題考查序數(shù)詞的用法，物主代詞和序數(shù)詞連用表示“某人的第幾次”， 從本句子的意思理解是選擇A表示“這是我的第二次在學(xué)校彈鋼琴?！?2. C。根據(jù)西方文化習(xí)慣Sunday是一星期的第一天，所以用the和first連用。13. B。本題考查基數(shù)詞，三位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞表達(dá)

28、是百位和十位間用 and，十位和個(gè)位間用連字符。14. B。本題考查基數(shù)詞的用法。表示在幾年級(jí)幾班用基數(shù)詞，注意：名詞在前，數(shù)詞在后；班級(jí)在前， 年級(jí)在后；第一個(gè)字母要大寫。 15. B。本題考查基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的用法。表示一年有十二個(gè)月用基數(shù)詞twelve；十二月是一年的第十二個(gè)月 用序數(shù)詞twelfth。所以選擇B。II. 用括號(hào)中所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. twelfth 2. thousands 3. sevenths4. hundreds 5. first 6. third 7. two8. Four真題1. Have you had breakfast? 【2012長沙】 No.

29、I got up at half past seven and went to school _ breakfast.A. onB. without C. as 2. Hainan lies _ the south of China, and _ the south of Guangdong, too. A. in; in B. to; in C. to; to D. in; to3. Lucy and I are twins, but were different _ each other in many ways. A. for B. in C. of D. from 4. Lady Ga

30、ga is famous _ her beautiful voice. 【2012南平】A. as B. with C. for5. How do you communicate with your foreign friends? 【2012寧夏】 _ writing e-mails, of course.A. WithB. ByC. AtD. From6. Look at that photo, what a happy family！ 【2012桂林】 Yes, its a photo my family.A. at B. forC. of D. in7. Is your father

31、home? 【2012北京】 No, he is working late _ the office.A. on B. at C. of D. to8. Bill has made great progress _ the help of his teachers. 【2012福州】A. for B. with C. Under9. The theme of the Youth Olympics in Nanjing is “Talk _ the world, and share our dreams.”【2012昆明】 A. with B. at C. over D. from10. We

32、couldnt finish our work so early _ your help.【2012西寧】 A. withoutB. withC. for D. by11. Sun is very happy. There is a big smile _ his face.【2012萊蕪】 A. to B. inC. atD. on12. The exhibition shows _ 200 paintings of young, exciting artists from France. A. at B. withC. aboutD. in13. Would you like a cup

33、of tea? 【2012玉溪】Yes, please. I prefer tea _ nothing in it.A. to B. for C. of D. with1. B。由句意可知“早上七點(diǎn)半起床沒有吃早飯就去了學(xué)?！?。 without 是介詞，意為“沒有”后接名詞或代詞。 2. D。由于海南在中國內(nèi)部，所以用in，和廣東隔海相望所以用to。 3. D。 be different from 固定搭配，意為“不同于”。 4. C。 be famous for 是固定搭配，意為“因出名”。 5. B。表示通過某種方式，要用介詞by。 6. C。of 這里表示“的”，a photo of m

34、y family意為“家庭的照片”。 7. B。在辦公室，表示具體小地點(diǎn)用介詞at。 8. B。 with the help of 是固定搭配，意為“在的幫助下”。9.A?！癟alk with the world, share our dreams”意為“與世界交談，分享我們的夢想”。 10. A。句意為“如果沒有你的幫助，我們不可能那么早完成我們的工作”。without作介詞，意為“沒有”。 11. D。on his face意為“在他的臉上”。句意為“Sun很高興，滿臉微笑”。 12. C。about 200 paintings 意為“大約200張繪畫作品”，about意為“大約”。 13

35、. D。tea with nothing意為“什么都不加的清茶”。時(shí)間介詞: in，afterin+時(shí)間段,表示從現(xiàn)在算起一段時(shí)間以后，一般用于將來時(shí)；after+時(shí)間段,表示從過去算起一段時(shí)間后， 一般用于過去時(shí)。另外after后也可以接具體時(shí)間,用于將來時(shí)。 Hell be back in three hours. 他三小時(shí)后回來。 He came back after three hours. 三小時(shí)后，他回來了。 Hell be back after 3 oclock. 他三點(diǎn)后會(huì)回來。方位介詞：across，through，past表示從某一個(gè)物體的表面橫過、穿過用介詞across;

36、 從某一個(gè)物體的里面或者一定范圍內(nèi)穿過、橫過用介詞through; 從旁邊經(jīng)過用past。 They swam across the river. 他們游過了河。 The boys go through the forest quickly. 這些男孩子快速地穿過樹林。 They drove past a big supermarket. 他們開車經(jīng)過一家大超市。except，besidesexcept表示“除之外”, 其后的賓語是被排除在整體之外的。besides表示“除之外”，其后的賓語是被包括在整體之內(nèi)的。 All the students took part in the sports

37、 meeting except Tom.除了湯姆以外，其他的同學(xué)都參加了運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。（湯姆沒有參加） We need three more boys besides Tom.除了湯姆以外，我們還需要三個(gè)男同學(xué)。（我們也需要湯姆）真題1. Which city has _population, Beijing, Guiyang or Xingyi? 【2012黔西南】Xingyi, of course.A. the largest B. the smallest C. the most D. the least2. Henry, you _ tell the teacher if you want

38、to go out of the classroom. Sorry, sir. 【2012貴州貴陽】 A. are supposed to B. are surprised to C. are afraid to3. You are relaxing yourself here? 【2012安徽省】 Yes. It feels to walk slowly along the river.A. fantastic B. boringC. strangeD. terrible4. I work hard this term, but Peter works much _. 【2012北京】 A.

39、 hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest5. Peter is _ than you, right? 【2012廣西玉林】 Yes, but he is _ runner in our class. A. heavier; best B. heavy; the bestC. heavier; the best D. heavy; better6. His grandparents live _ in a small house, but they dont feel _.Alonely; alone Balone; lonely Clonely; lo

40、nely Dalone; alone7. The_you work at your lessons, the _ results you will get. 【2012 湖北黃石】 A. hard; goodB. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better8. Do you know sound travels very fast? 【2012湖北荊州】 Yes. But light travels sound. A. as fast as B. a little faster thanC. much faster than D. slower

41、 than1. B。修飾population只能用large/big或small,由句意可知“問最少人口的地方是哪個(gè)?”,2. A。be supposed to do sth 意為“應(yīng)該做某事”。 3. A。本題考查形容詞作表語的用法。fantastic意為“好極了”。 4. B?？疾楦痹~hard的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，由于much可以修飾比較級(jí)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。 5. C。考查形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，由than可知第一空用形容詞比較級(jí)，由in our class這個(gè)整體范圍可知第二空用形容詞最高級(jí)。 6. B。句意為“他的祖父母住在一偏僻的小房子里，但是他們不感到孤獨(dú)”。alone意為“單獨(dú)的”，

42、 lonely意為“孤獨(dú)的”。7. D。本題考查句式 “the+接形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)，the+接形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)”,意為“越;越”。8. C。第二句句意為“光旅行的速度比聲音快多了”。much修飾形容詞比較級(jí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。I.單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Are you afraid of dogs? Yes. Im _ of them.A. surprisedB. terrified C. embarrassed D. excited2. Its dangerous _ with the wild animal.A. for us to play B. of us playingC. for us pla

43、ying D. of us to play3. Lets go shopping at the new mall.Why not shop online? Its_.A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive4. If there is _ pollution, the air in our city will be_dirtier.Aless; more Bmore; much Cless; less Dmore; more5. Yummy! The coffee is good. Thats

44、right. It will taste _ with some milk.A. well B. better C. best D. the best6. Peter has good grades in all his subjects, but he never shows off. I agree. He is very _.A. easy-going B. imaginative C. modest D. generous7. Dont just believe the advertisement. That medicine is _ it says.A. as good as B.

45、 not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as8. Did you have a wonderful time at the party? Yes, its _ one Ive ever been to before.A. a more excited B. a more exciting C. the most excited D. the most exciting9. Taking buses in Beijing is _ than taking a taxi.A. more cheap B. much cheaper C. a little cheap D. cheap10. Look! Linyi is _ now than it used to be.A. quite beautiful B. the most beautifulC. very beautiful D. much more beautiful11. Im going t