狀語從句課件

1、all rights reserved.2007.1 leo 狀語從句在主從復(fù)合句中作狀語修飾主句中的狀語從句在主從復(fù)合句中作狀語修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞，按意義可分為動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞，按意義可分為 時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、行為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、行為方式、比較、讓步方式、比較、讓步 等九種狀語從句。一般位于等九種狀語從句。一般位于句首或者句末，位于句首，用逗號(hào)和主句格開。句首或者句末，位于句首，用逗號(hào)和主句格開。 考點(diǎn)（考點(diǎn)（1）when, as, while 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句when既可引導(dǎo)持續(xù)動(dòng)作，又可引導(dǎo)短暫動(dòng)作。它表示主既可引導(dǎo)持續(xù)

2、動(dòng)作，又可引導(dǎo)短暫動(dòng)作。它表示主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作之前。句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作之前。when i was a boy, i used to go to the seashore on sundays.（同時(shí)）（同時(shí)）when the lesson was over, we began our writing.（從句動(dòng)作在前）（從句動(dòng)作在前）while指指“在某一時(shí)間里在某一時(shí)間里”，“在在 期間期間”，從句動(dòng)作必，從句動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性；也強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句動(dòng)作的同時(shí)發(fā)生，往往側(cè)須是持續(xù)性；也強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句動(dòng)作的同時(shí)發(fā)生，往往側(cè)重主從句動(dòng)作的對(duì)比。

3、重主從句動(dòng)作的對(duì)比。while he was in london, he studied music. as常和常和when, while通用，但側(cè)重主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)通用，但側(cè)重主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，說明兩種正在發(fā)展和變化的情況。發(fā)生，說明兩種正在發(fā)展和變化的情況。he hurried home, looking behind as he went.i saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday.he sang as he walked.一、時(shí)間狀語從句一、時(shí)間狀語從句_ he left school at fourt

4、een, he began to train as an engineer. a. while b. since c. when c. then _ the day went on, the weather got worse. a .with b. since c. while d. as當(dāng)當(dāng)when, as, while表示表示“在在一段時(shí)間里一段時(shí)間里”，主從句的動(dòng)，主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，可以換用。如：作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，可以換用。如： while (when或或as) we were discussing, mr. smith came in.when 和和while 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，

5、若主句的主語和從引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，若主句的主語和從句的主語一致的時(shí)候，可以用句的主語一致的時(shí)候，可以用when/while+現(xiàn)在分詞表示?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示。_ a young man, he went to france for french.a. when b. while c. as d. since*when 可表示可表示“如果如果”。如：。如：dont be afraid of asking for help_ it is needed. a. unless b. since c. although d. whenwhen和和while還可以是并列連詞，意思分別是還可以是并列連詞，意思分

6、別是“就在這就在這時(shí)時(shí)”，“然而然而”。如：。如：he was about to tell me the secret_ someone patted him on the shoulder. as b. until c. while d. wheni do every single bit of housework_ my husband bob just does the dishes now and then.since b. while c. when d. asjasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _she

7、 was bitten on the leg by a lion. a. when b. while c. since d. beforetime, first time, soon after, shortly after都可以作為都可以作為連詞引連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語。如：導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語。如：i recognized him the moment i saw him.by the time he was four, he had taught himself math. each time he came, he would call on me.- did you remember to give

8、 mary the money you owed her?- yes, i gave it to her _ i saw her. a. for the moment b. the moment c. at the moment d. whileit was not until he came back that i know it. = not until he came back did i know it.a good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the

9、story.when b. unless c. after d. untilwe were told that we should follow the main road _we reached the central railway station.whenever b. until c. while d. wherevernot until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.a. did the villagers realize b. the villagers realizedc. reali

10、zed the villagers d. didnt the villagers realize*如果如果before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，詞義非常靈活，引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，詞義非常靈活，注意下列句子中的注意下列句子中的before的詞義：的詞義：1.before i could get in a word, the tailor had measured me.(還沒來得及還沒來得及就就)2.we hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.(還沒還沒就就)3.we had sailed 4 days before we saw land.(才才)4.p

11、lease write it down before you forget it.(趁還沒趁還沒就就)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 before scientists say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. a. since b. after c. before d. whenit was evening _ we reached the little town of winchester. a. that b. until c. since d. beforesomeone

12、 called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ i could answer the phone. a. as b. since c. until d. beforehe made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. a. until b. when c. before d. as二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句where/wherever 引導(dǎo)，要注意引導(dǎo)，要注意 where there 連用的某些情連用的某些情況下，使得地點(diǎn)從句

13、更像是一個(gè)條件句。況下，使得地點(diǎn)從句更像是一個(gè)條件句。例如：例如： where there is a will, there is a way. the famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to shanghai. a. when b. whenever c. where d. wherevershe found her calculator _ she lost it. a. where b. when c. in which d. that三、原因狀語從句：三、原因狀語從句：考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1：because, as

14、, since, for引導(dǎo)原因狀從的區(qū)別。引導(dǎo)原因狀從的區(qū)別。because 表示的原因因果關(guān)系很強(qiáng)表示的原因因果關(guān)系很強(qiáng), as 和和 since表示已知的表示已知的或比較明顯的原因，譯為或比較明顯的原因，譯為“由于由于”“”“既然既然”，since 比比 as 更正式，更正式，as 從句有時(shí)候可以倒裝。從句有時(shí)候可以倒裝。1. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語從句，只能用在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)，不可用不可用as或或 since，如：，如： it was because he was ill that he didnt go with us.2. because可

15、以引導(dǎo)表語從句可以引導(dǎo)表語從句,而而 as, since不可以，這時(shí)狀不可以，這時(shí)狀語一語一 般都是般都是it, this, that 如：如：its because he is too lazy.3. tired as he was, he went to bed early. (倒裝表示原因倒裝表示原因) as 也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，具體意義由上下文表明。也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，具體意義由上下文表明。4. *for也有也有“因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)椤敝?，是并列連詞，語氣較強(qiáng)。常用之意，是并列連詞，語氣較強(qiáng)。常用來補(bǔ)充說明原因或用來表示推斷的依據(jù)，前面常帶逗號(hào)。來補(bǔ)充說明原因或用來表示推斷的依據(jù)，前面常

16、帶逗號(hào)。如：如：it must have rained last night, for the ground is wetparents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. a. because b. though c. unless d. if 四、條件狀語從句四、條件狀語從句:由由 if, unless, so/as long as (只要只要), so/as far as, in case (that) (

17、萬一萬一), supposing that, providing/ provided that等引導(dǎo)：等引導(dǎo)：if plastics and rubber are burned, they give off poisonous gases. you can go out, as long as (so long as ) you promise to be back before eleven.in case i forget, please remind me about that.注意：條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不可用將來注意：條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不可用將來 時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)

18、態(tài)或過去時(shí)態(tài)表示將來時(shí)。時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或過去時(shí)態(tài)表示將來時(shí)。as far as i can tell , the whole thing should cost about $500. unless you work hard, you will fail,1) john may phone tonight. i dont want to go out _ he phones. a. as long as b. in order that c. in case d. so that3) the men will have to wait all day _ the doctor works

19、 faster. a. if b. unless c. whether d. that4) _you call me to say youre not coming, ill see you at the theatre. a. though b. whether c. until d. unless5) you will succeed in the end_ you dont give up halfway. a. even if b. as though c. as long as d. unless6) _ i know the money is safe, i shall not w

20、orry about it. a. even though b. unless c. as long as d. while7) - how far apart do they live? - _ i know, they live in the same neighborhood. a. as long as b. as far as c. as well as d. as often as8) _ i can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. a. as long as b. as far a

21、s c. just as d. even if五五 讓步狀語從句：讓步狀語從句：由由though, although, as (雖然盡管雖然盡管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo).1) though he is old, yet he is active.2) although most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted.3) proud as the nobles are, he is afraid to see me.we wou

22、ldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times.4) whenever (=no matter when) you call on me, you are always welcome.5) wherever (no matter where) you work, you can always find time to study.6) take the one you like best, whichever (no matter which) it is.7) no matter what i say or how i say it, he

23、 always thinks im wrong.8) whether he comes or not, well discuss the problem this afternoon.注意：注意： （1）讓步狀語從句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有）讓步狀語從句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有時(shí)還可以插在主句中間，前置時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句內(nèi)容，后置時(shí)時(shí)還可以插在主句中間，前置時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句內(nèi)容，后置時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)從句內(nèi)容。強(qiáng)調(diào)從句內(nèi)容。 （2）though與與although同義，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，同義，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化；后者較正式，多放于句首，不能與口語化；后者較正式，多放于句首，不能與but

24、連用，但連用，但可以與可以與yet, still等連用，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。等連用，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。though ( although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working.1) _, i have never seen anyone whos as capable as john. a. as long as i have traveled b. now that i have traveled to much c. much as i have traveled d. as i gave traveled to much2) mr. hall

25、 understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. a. unless b. since c. although d. when3) - dad, ive finished my assignment. - good, and _ you play or watch tv, you mustnt disturb me. a. whenever b. whether c. whatever d. no matter4) you can eat food free in my

26、 restaurant_ you like. a. whenever b. wherever c. whatever d. however5) _, i have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. a.however the story is amusing b. no matter amusing the story is c. however amusing the story is d. no matter how the story is amusing6) you should try to get a

27、 good nights sleep_ much work you have to do. a. however b. no matter c. although d. whatever 六六 方式狀語從句：方式狀語從句：the teacher told the students to do as he did.leave it as it is.he heard a noise, as if someone was breathing. i saw the man looking about him as if he wished to impress upon his mind every

28、thing.as if和和as though意義和用法大致一樣，引導(dǎo)的從句多用虛意義和用法大致一樣，引導(dǎo)的從句多用虛擬語氣，但也可用陳述語氣。擬語氣，但也可用陳述語氣。he treats me as if i were his own son.由連詞：由連詞：as（象（象一樣）一樣）, as if, as though引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)七七 目的狀語從句目的狀語從句 通常由通常由that, so that, in order that, sothat, in case（以（以防、免得）防、免得）for fear that(以防，以免以防，以免)等引導(dǎo)等引導(dǎo)he got up early in order

29、 that he could catch the early bus.she married him so that she might tend and comfort him.i explained again in case he should misunderstand me.注意注意: 目的狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞常含有目的狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。i hid the knife under the bed _ he found it.a. if b. so that c. for fear t

30、hat d. in order that 1) john shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. a. which b. when c. so that d. as if2) roses need special care_ they can live through winter. a. because b. so that c. even f d. as 3) sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first next morning. a. so that b. in order to c. before d. so as八八 結(jié)果狀語從句：結(jié)果狀語從句：it was very cold, _ the river froze.the book is _ written _ it gives a quite wrong idea of the facts.there were _ many people (=such a lot of people) in the room _ we could not get in.he