人教版高一英語(yǔ)必修一unit3知識(shí)梳理與鞏固練習(xí)(含答案)

1、Unit 3 (一)課文預(yù)習(xí)一、Warming UpTransportAdvantagesDisadvantagesbus1.Very cheap2.Efficient for short journeysTakes longer than the train or plane.train1.Faster than bus, cheaper than plane2.ends in the centre of the town/city. Takes longer than the plane.ship1.Cheaper than plane1.More expensive than train

2、2.Not convenient for visiting inland placesairplane1.Quick 2.Efficient3.Provides meals1.Expensive2.Journey ends far from the city二、Fast-reading Match the paragraph and the main idea.Para 1Take a great bike trip along the Mekong River.Para 2 Different attitudes between themPara 3The preparation befor

3、e the trip & details about Mekong River. 三、Careful Reading1.What was Wang Kun and Wang Weis idea of a good trip? Their idea was to take a long bike trip.2.Who Planned the trip to the Mekong? Wang Wei planned the trip.3.Where is the source of the Mekong and which sea does it enter? Qinghai Provin

4、ce ； the South China Sea4.What can you see when you travel along the Mekong?You can see the source glacier ,rapids, hills,valleys, waterfalls and plains.5.What difficulties did Wang Kun and Wang Wei find about their journey?The journey will begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, where it is

5、 hard to breathe and very cold.6.What do you think about Wang Kun and Wang Wei? Wang Kun: enthusiastic, critical, sensible Wang Wei: imaginative, organized, eager,persistent, stubborn, risk-taking (二)詞匯要點(diǎn)3. prefer vt.更喜歡；選擇某事物（而不選擇其他事物） Which do you prefer, tea or coffiee?【拓展】prefer的常見(jiàn)搭配 sth 更喜歡某物 t

6、o do sth/doing sth 更喜歡做某事 sth to sth與某物相比更喜歡某物 prefer doing sth to doing sth 寧愿做某事而不愿做某事 to do sth rather than do sth寧愿做某事而不愿做某事 sb to do sth寧愿某人做某事 that(should) do sth 更喜歡（that從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣） -Would you like pork or fish? -Id prefer pork , please. “你想要豬肉還是魚(yú)肉？”“請(qǐng)給我豬肉吧。” I prefer to go to America for my fur

7、ther study.我更愿意選擇去美國(guó)進(jìn)修學(xué)習(xí)。 Anne prefers me to replace her at the meeting.安妮更愿意我代替他參加會(huì)議。 Would you prefer that we put off meeting till next Friday.你是否愿意我們把會(huì)議推遲到下周？【注意】prefer不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。1.determine vt.決定，決心，確定，測(cè)定Determination n. 決心，毅力 determined adj. 堅(jiān)毅的，下決心的 decide同義 v.決定典型用法 be determined to do sth She is

8、 a girl of great _ (determine). He is determined _ (face) out the situation. There is a _ (determine) look on his face.2.similar adj. 類(lèi)似的，相似的Similarly adv. 類(lèi)似地；同樣地 Similarity n.類(lèi)似；(可數(shù))相似之處be similar to搭配類(lèi)似于,與相似 the same .as.近義與相同（1）My opinion is _ yours. The _ between them has often been remarked on

9、. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. _，our minds are developed by learning. 3.organize v.組織organization n.組織，機(jī)構(gòu) organizer n.組織者 organized adj. 有組織的 The _ (organize) of such a large-scale party takes a lot of time and energy. The _(organize) think of various ways to amuse the athletes. I

10、 will take part in an _ (organize) activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society.4.surprise vt.使驚奇，使詫異n. 驚奇，詫異Surprised adj. 感到驚訝的 surprising adj. 令人驚訝的surprisedly adv. 驚奇地，驚訝地 surprisingly adv. 令人感到驚奇地典型的用法是：be surprised at 對(duì)感到驚訝 to one,s surprise (=surprisingly) 令人感到驚奇地是(1)

11、Everybody here was _ （surprise） the news.(2) I was _ (surprise) the change in him.(3) _ (surprise)，he was so frank that he told me all of his secrets.5.transport n.& v.運(yùn)送；運(yùn)輸派生：transportation n.運(yùn)輸；交通工具 那輛黃色公共汽車(chē)將乘客從機(jī)場(chǎng)運(yùn)送到城里。The yellow bus_from the airport to the city. 那些物品將用飛機(jī)運(yùn)往青海玉樹(shù)。The goods _ by

12、plane to Yu Shu，Qinghai Province.答案：will transport the passengers ； will be transported6.persuade vt.說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)persuade sb. to do 說(shuō)服/勸服某人去做persuade sb. into doing 說(shuō)服/勸服某人去做persuade sb. out of doing說(shuō)服/勸服某人不做注意：勸而不服則要用advise sb.to do sth.或者try to persuade sb.to do sth.。 我們勸李老師戒煙，他不再抽煙啦!_，and he never smoke

13、d at last. 我們勸王老師戒煙，可他不戒。_，but he didnt.答案：We persuaded Mr. Li to stop smoking We advised Mr.Wang to stop smoking/We tried.to persuade Mr.Wang to stop smoking7. 3.graduate v.畢業(yè) n.大學(xué)畢業(yè)生 派生：graduation n.畢業(yè) 短語(yǔ)：graduate from 畢業(yè)于(1)After _ (graduate)，what are you going to do?(2)My sister graduated _ Beij

14、ing University _ 1982.（填借此）(3) He is _ graduate of Oxford. （填冠詞）8. .care vi.關(guān)心；介意 n.關(guān)心；照顧care about (to be worried about/concerned with)憂(yōu)慮；擔(dān)心；惦念care for(=like，love)喜歡 take care of(=look after)照料；照顧take care 小心；提防派生：careful adj.細(xì)心的 carefully adv.細(xì)心地 carefulness n.細(xì)心 carelessly adv. 粗心地 carelessness n

15、.粗心 careless adj.粗心的 The only thing he cares _ is money. I dont really care _ red wine. Who will take care _ your baby if you are out? Many accidents are caused by _ (care) driving. They studied the question _ (care) before they made the decision.即學(xué)即用（1）Thats a lovely dress.Do you think so?My aunt g

16、ave it to me for my birthday,but I dont thecolor. A.interest in B.care for C.take care of D.fond of（2）I dont think Jack what happensto his family.He is so selfish.A.cares for B.cares aboutC.cares to D.cares of9.reliable adj. 可信賴(lài)的；可靠的 派生：rely vi.依靠；依賴(lài)(通常接on) I found this to be a _ brand of washing ma

17、chines. The villagers here _ wells for their water.（填與rely相關(guān)的詞）10.schedule n.時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表 vt.為某事安排時(shí)間 according to schedule 按照計(jì)劃；按照安排 on schedule 按時(shí)behind schedule 晚點(diǎn) be scheduled to do被安排，定于 火車(chē)按時(shí)到達(dá)。 The train arrived _ _ 總統(tǒng)定于明天發(fā)表演說(shuō)。The President is _ (schedule) to make a speech tomorrow.11.attitude n. 態(tài)度

18、；看法attitude to/towards . 對(duì)的態(tài)度翻譯：我的英語(yǔ)老師改變了對(duì)我的態(tài)度。My English teacher _ me.has changed his attitude to/towards me.12.be fond of(=love；like)喜歡；喜愛(ài)翻譯：雖然她有好多缺點(diǎn)，但是我們都很喜歡她。She has many shortcomings，but we _her.13.give in 屈服；讓步give up停止/放棄做某事 give out 用完；用盡；分發(fā)；分布give away捐贈(zèng)；暴露；泄露 give off發(fā)散(氣味)；發(fā)出(光)give back交

19、還運(yùn)用：用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。（1） He gave _ to her request.（2） If you give _ smoking，you will save a lot of money every year.（3） His accent gave him _ . So I knew he was from USA.（4）Our teacher gave _ to the police station what he picked up from the ground.（5） His money soon gave _ because he bought a lot of thin

20、gs. 14.as usual 照常；如平常一樣 昨天早上，他像往常一樣去了辦公室。Yesterday morning，_. 你像平常一樣遲到了。 You are late，_.15.put up 建造，搭建，舉起；升起 put up with 忍受 You should _ what he said. If you have questions to ask，please _ your hand.16.at midnight 半夜比較：at night(傍晚)晚上 in the evening=during the night/in the night在晚間/在夜間（1）My grandma

21、 usually woke up _ midnight. You must be tired after you worked several hours _ the evening. Please take a rest.17.change ones mind 改變注意 make up ones mind 下決心；決定 He_ go to university after graduation from high school. He is very stubborn(固執(zhí)的)and he is not easy to _.has made up his mind to ；change hi

22、s mind （三）重點(diǎn)句子解析一、Warming up language point1. Which kind of transport do you prefe rto use:bus or train?（回歸課本P17）prefer v.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物) (1)prefer sth.更喜歡prefer (sb.) to do sth.更喜歡（某人）做prefer that更喜歡that從句中常用（should）+動(dòng)詞原形prefer sth./doing.to sth./doing.與相比更喜歡；寧愿，不愿e.g. I would prefer meat to fi

23、sh.我喜歡肉勝過(guò)（喜歡）魚(yú)。 I prefer singing to acting. 我喜歡唱歌勝過(guò)演戲。prefer to do.rather than do.寧可也不e.g. He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping. 他寧可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。 (2)preference n. 偏愛(ài)；愛(ài)好；喜愛(ài)give preference to sb./sth.給以?xún)?yōu)惠；優(yōu)待in preference to sb./sth.而不是（1）He prefers indoors out this afternoon. A.to stay;t

24、o go B.staying;to go C.to stay;to going D.staying;to going（2）The little girl go to the cinema rather than at home alone that night. A.preferred;stay B.prefers to;to stay C.preferred to;stay D.prefers to;stay1. D ;2.C二、Reading Language points1.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have d

25、reamed about taking a great bike trip.1). dream n. v. dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamtdream of/about sth. (vi.)dream adream (vt.)dream that (vt.)dream sb. to be (vt.)1) 他夢(mèng)想著有一天為自己工作, 沒(méi)有老板. He working for himself and not having a boss one day.= He that one day he will work for himself and not have a bos

26、s.2) 我做夢(mèng)也沒(méi)想到他是個(gè)撒謊的人. I never a liar.答案：dreams of / about ； dreams ； dreamed him to be 2. Then she persuade me to buy one.然后她動(dòng)員我也買(mǎi)了一輛. persuade vt.說(shuō)服; 勸服; vi.被說(shuō)服persuade sb. (not) to do sth. persuade sb. into / out of doing sth.我已說(shuō)服他做這件事。e.g. I persuaded him to do it. = persuade him into doing it. 如果

27、“勸說(shuō)”不服, 不能直接用persuade, 而應(yīng)用try to persuade或advise, 或者用persuade的否定式。e.g. Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so.（2）實(shí)例1. I _ him not to smoke, but he didnt think it necessary. A.persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested2. I was able at last to _ my mother to f

28、ollow my advice. A.suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off3. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuade B. persuading C. being persuade D. be persuaded(3) 辨析：advise表示“勸告”的動(dòng)作，不看結(jié)果，而persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)“已經(jīng)說(shuō)服”；advise可接動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式作賓語(yǔ)，也可接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（必須用

29、虛擬語(yǔ)氣即should+動(dòng)詞原形）,而persuade不能。My friends advised him to see a doctor,but he refused all of them.Who can persuade him?我的朋友們建議他去看醫(yī)生，但他拒絕了所有的人。誰(shuí)能說(shuō)服他？3 辨析： Finally/at last/in the endfinally 一般指一系列事物或論點(diǎn)的順序的最后項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,或用在動(dòng)詞前,表示“等了好久才”,沒(méi)有感情色彩. at last只能指時(shí)間位置,不能指時(shí)間順序,在意思上是指經(jīng)過(guò)周折、等待、耽擱到”最后、終于”(出現(xiàn)所期待的結(jié)果),常常帶有較濃厚的感情

30、色彩. in the end可與at last和finally通用.但若出現(xiàn)了非期待中的結(jié)果,用in the end, 還可以用于預(yù)卜未來(lái)。1)They talked about it for hours. _ they decided not to go.2)The children arrived home _after the storm.3) My dream will come true4) The war lasted four years before the North won _.5) Your idea will turn out right _.6) _, I want

31、to thank you for helping me.Finally; at last/in the end; in the end; in the end/ at last; in the end; Finally4. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 是我姐姐首先想到騎自行車(chē)沿湄公河從它的源頭行走到入海口。 這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是： It was/is+強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that-/who

32、-分句如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人,可用who,也可用that, 強(qiáng)調(diào)其他成分與內(nèi)容都用that。強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)不能用when或where，只用that。e. g.我看這部電影是在上海。 (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))It was in Shanghai that I saw the film. 根據(jù)上下文和語(yǔ)義意圖,說(shuō)話人可以通過(guò)強(qiáng)調(diào)句分別強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ), 狀語(yǔ), 使之成為信息中心。e. g All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club

33、yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ), was不能換用were) It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)a meeting)It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),that不可換用 where) It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)that不可換用 where)把這個(gè)句子的不同成分

34、改成強(qiáng)調(diào)句。John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.高考鏈接 1.Was it _ that I saw last night at the concert?A. you B. not you C. that yourself2. It was because of bad weather _ the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. that3. Who is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children.A. It

35、is B. They are C. That is D. There are6. Although she didnt know the best way of getting get to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 盡管她不知道旅行的最佳方式, 但是她還是堅(jiān)決主張她來(lái)合理安排這次旅行。1) although, though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不能再和but, and, however連用, 但可以和副詞yet, still連用。although從句多放在句首, though從句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而

36、且though可以作副詞用于句末，作 “但是，不過(guò)”講，而although無(wú)此用法?？祭?_ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although 點(diǎn)撥D 根據(jù)句中的limited knowledge和a lot of experience構(gòu)成對(duì)比，可知這是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故用although引導(dǎo)。since既然； unless除非； as 因?yàn)椤?) insist : declare firmly 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持主張in

37、sist on/upon ones doing sth堅(jiān)持做,堅(jiān)決做e.g. I insisted on/upon his coming with us.insist that +從句 “堅(jiān)持說(shuō)”(后表示一個(gè)事實(shí)), 后接的從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣, 既按需要選擇時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g. He insisted that he hadnt stolen the girls handbag.insist that sb. (should) do sth. 堅(jiān)決主張做某事, 后接的賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 既 “should +v.” e.g. Mary was ill. Her parents insisted t

38、hat she (should) see a doctor.高考鏈接I insisted that a doctor _ immediately.A has been sent for B. sent for C. will be sent for D. be sent for 2.The doctor insisted that I a high fever and that I a rest for a few days. A.had;hadB.have;have C.had;haveD.have;had 3.The man insisted a taxi for me even if/t

39、hough I told him I lived nearby. A.findB.to find C.on findingD.in finding答案：1.D;2.C;3.C7. My sister doesnt care about details. 我姐姐是不會(huì)考慮細(xì)節(jié)的。 care about: be worried about憂(yōu)慮,關(guān)心e.g. 他并不關(guān)心我的事情。He doesnt care much about what happens to me. care for sb/sth: look after, love or like希望, 喜歡, 照顧1) Would you ca

40、re for a drink?2) He cares for her deeply.3) Who will care for your child if you are out?8. She gave me a determined look the kind that she wouldnt change her mind.她堅(jiān)定地看了我一眼-這眼神表明她不會(huì)改變主意。 determine v. 決定, 下定決心, 確定 determine to do sth. =make up ones mind 下定決心e.g. He determined to learn French. be det

41、ermined to do sth. 決心做e.g. She was determined to go to university. change ones mind 改變某人的主意e.g. No matter what you say, I wont change my mind.9. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. 當(dāng)我告訴她我們將在海拔5000米處開(kāi)始旅程, 她好像對(duì)此很興奮。本句

42、中的seem后面跟了不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，意 為“ 看起來(lái)好像 ”?，F(xiàn)對(duì)seem的用法講 解如下： 一seem常常和不定式，形容詞，分詞，名詞和介詞短語(yǔ)搭配。如:1seem+不定式（短語(yǔ)）a)I seemed to hear a voice in the distance .b)Your advice seems to be doing me a favor .c)I seem to have caught a cold .注意：1seem后跟不定式（短語(yǔ)）時(shí)，要注意不定式所表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，以此來(lái)確定不定式的時(shí)態(tài)。2 . seem后不定式的否定式習(xí)慣上用 dont 來(lái)代替，（放在seem 前），如：

43、You dont seem to be quite yourself today ( =You seem not be quite yourself today )3.seem +形容詞a) She seems quite happy today.b) The enemy seems powerful but in fact it is weak.注此句式出可看作是seem+to be+adj句式的一種簡(jiǎn)化形式。如例a可轉(zhuǎn)換為：She seems to be quite happy today.例b可轉(zhuǎn)換為：The enemy seems to be powerful but in fact

44、it is weak.但目前由于英語(yǔ)的發(fā)展，seem+to be+形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)的用法已越來(lái)越少，seem+adj的結(jié)構(gòu)已趨成型，屬口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)體。4Seem+分詞a) The situation seemed quite encouraging.b) The news seems exciting.c) They seems interested in the film.注seem后用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞取決于分詞本身的邏輯主語(yǔ)，如句中的主語(yǔ)（盍作的執(zhí)行者）是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之用過(guò)去分詞。5、seem+名詞a) She seems a clever girl.b) Her mother

45、seems a teacher.c) It seemed a long time before my turn came.6.seem+介詞短語(yǔ)They seemed in high spirits.二、seem常用于it作形式主語(yǔ)的“It seems/seemed that”結(jié)構(gòu)，如：a) It seems that you were lying.b) It seemed that he had been a scientist.c) It seems impossible that he will be here tomorrow.注1）在這一句式中，常省去that，如例a可改為：It s

46、eems you were lying.2)間或在seem后可跟一形容詞，如例c.三、seem常用于由as if/though引導(dǎo)的從句中，如：a) It seems as if it is going to rain.b) It seems as though our planll be perfect.c) It seems as if he knew nothing about that.d) It seems as if it was/were spring already.注在這種句式中，如從句所敘述的情實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性比較大，從句謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣，如a,b兩例；若實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較小，或根本

47、不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，從句的謂語(yǔ)則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如c,d 兩例。四、seem通常用在“It seems(seemed)to sb(that)”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，這種結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)表示“行為”的主體，例：a) It seems to us a good chance.b) It seems to the emperor that the people were right.c) It seems to me eveyythingis all right.五、seems也常用在“there seem(s) to be”句式中，用來(lái)代替be，作句子的謂語(yǔ)。如：a) There seems to be no point in

48、 refusing.b) There seemed to be something the matter with him.c) There doesnt seem to be too much hope of our team beating theirs.注1）在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，seem表示“似乎有”、“看來(lái)”的意思，如：There seem to be a lot of things to do .(=It seems as if there were a lot of things to do.)2)There seem(s) to be +n”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式為“There seem(

49、s) to be +no+n.”（如例a）或（“There doesnt seem to be +n.”（如例c）.六、seem有時(shí)也同人稱(chēng)代詞I連用，意為“感到好像、覺(jué)得似乎”等意，如：a)I seem unable to solve it right now.看來(lái)我無(wú)法立刻解決它。b)I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在什么地方見(jiàn)過(guò)他。七、seem還常常同like搭配。如：注這種句式表達(dá)的意思同“seem+to be +n.”結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)的意思基本相同，故兩種句式可替換，如：The girl seems like a bird/to b

50、e a bird.at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔米處e.g. The plane is flying at a height / altitude of 10,000 feet. 注意:at 在此處表 “在處/時(shí), 以”后接年齡, 速度, 長(zhǎng)寬深高, 價(jià)格, 費(fèi)用等 在歲時(shí) 以.的價(jià)格 在.深度寬度處 以.為代價(jià) 在距離處 答案：at the age of at a high / low price at a depth/width of at the cost of at a distance of 10. When I told her the

51、 air would be hard to breath and it would be very cold 當(dāng)我告訴她將呼吸困難, 天氣嚴(yán)寒主語(yǔ) + be + adj.+ to do sth. 是一常用句式既不定式用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義e.g. The problem is really hard to work out. My boss is easy to deal with. 注意：不定式和主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，使用及物動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式，因此不及物動(dòng)詞要加相應(yīng)的介詞。這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞往往是表示心理活動(dòng)的，接不定式時(shí), 不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ), 主動(dòng)用to do, 被動(dòng)用to b

52、e done;也可以接從句。這類(lèi)形容詞有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.11. Finally, I had to give in. 最后, 我只好讓步。 give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于, 讓步, 遞交e.g. He had to give in to my views. Its time you gave in your papers.give up 放棄, 認(rèn)輸 ; give out 筋疲力盡；分配; ; give away 捐贈(zèng), 泄露練一練1) After the long trip, both the men and the horses _.2) Because of his small salary, he