初中英語語法賓語從句講解-專項練習(xí)及答案111頁

1、 初中英語語法賓語從句講解，專項練習(xí)及答案 賓語從句的種類賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。that只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, w

2、hich和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。例如： He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if

3、) I could help him.（二）賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。例如： I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.（三）賓語從句的時態(tài) 1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。如： I dont think (that) you are right. Can you tell me how I can get to the rail

4、way station?Do you think he will come tomorrow?2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter.3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如： Our teacher said that January is the f

5、irst month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.注意！賓語從句小口訣：賓語從句三注意，時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句不需受限制；主句一般過去時，從句須用相應(yīng)時；陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問句用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一、基本講解1概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動詞賓語) He asks him how long M

6、ike has been down . (動詞賓語) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語)2.連接詞(1) .陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語中常常省略。e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句, 主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情況下，whether

7、和if 可以互用， 但有些情況例外。 a. 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或 not 連用時， 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if當(dāng)如果講時， 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句， 這時不能用whether.(3).特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞；引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語序。E.g

8、. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you? 特殊情況：當(dāng)do you think后接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞do you think陳述句語序。3.賓語從句時態(tài)a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，一般將來時或祈使句時，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?b.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，從句要用過去時的相應(yīng)時態(tài)。例如：I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film

9、.）注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）4.、人稱的變化和標(biāo)點的使用a.從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如： “May I use your knife？”He asked me. He asked me if he mi

10、ght use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是疑問句，用問號。如： Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?二、賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化1.2. 當(dāng)

11、主句謂語動詞是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時，主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可以簡化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy.I d

12、on't know which sweater to buy.3.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask，tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時，從句的主語和間接賓語一致，且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Could you tell me how to get to the park?4. 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find，see，watch，hear等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為“賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：

13、She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 賓語從句專項習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C.

14、 Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6.I

15、 wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9

16、.I dont know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B

17、. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape14.They want to

18、 know _?A. where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas

19、had put in his stocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. when B. whether C. where D. if17.July didnt know_.A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _, so

20、we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find o

21、ut the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 22. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class

22、D. are you in which class 23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 24. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 25. T

23、om asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 26. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is 27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _. A. sh

24、e lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live 28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 29. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is s

25、inging C. when he will leave D. what he said 30. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 31. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall s

26、how 32. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. How egg fries D. how does egg fry 33. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 34. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book t

27、his is C. this book is whose D. whos book this is 35. I dont know _ now. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 36. Does he know _? A. whats your name B. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your name is 37. Do you know _? A. which floor he lives B. which

28、floor he lives on C. he lives on which floor D. which floor does he lives on 38. Tell me where _? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is 39. He hasnt decided _. A. if hell go on a trip to Wu xi B. when will he go on a trip to Wu xi C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi D. whe

29、n does he go on a trip to Wu xi 40. Can you see _? A. what hes reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 能力提高練習(xí)1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _ the day a

30、fter tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he men

31、ded 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train

32、leave D. the train leaves 8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children don't know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C.

33、 where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where12. Could you tell me _?A. where do

34、 you live B. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting for D. where you live in13. Do you still remember _?A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say14. I cant understand _the boy alone.A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left15. Sh

35、e told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen16. They tried to find out _ the new train _.A. how far/ had gone B. how long/ has gone C. how far/ went D. how far / had run17. The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. w

36、hats the matter18. Can you tell me _?A. what are you doing B. where do you study C. what you were doing D. what to do it19. He asked his father _.A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen20.No one tells us_， so we need your help.A. how we should do B. what sh

37、ould we do C. how to do it D. what to do it21. Could you please teach me _ the computer.A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking22. _ hell come or not isnt important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What23. Would you like to know _they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why

38、24. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry， Ive no idea.A./; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. did bought25. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years.A. how; another B. what; more C. how ; other D. what; another26. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the

39、USA.A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has goneC. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone27. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow.Yes. But if it _， well visit the museum instead.A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains28.

40、I dont know if he _tomorrow. If he _， Ill meet him.A. will come; comes B. comes; comes C. will come; will come D. comes; will come29. I really dont know if she _ it when she _.A. finds; arrives B. finds ;will arrive C. will find; will arrive D. will find; arrives30. Can you make sure _. the gold rin

41、g? A. where Alice has put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice had put D. where has Alice put31. - When are the Shutes leaving for New York? -Pardon? - I asked _. A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York C. when were the Shutes leaving for New York D.

42、when the Shutes were leaving for New York 32. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to 33. - Could you tell me _? A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving C. wh

43、ich animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start 34. I want to know _. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 35. He asked me _. A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me 36.

44、Do you still remember _ at the meeting? A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said 37. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please? - Go straight and take the second turning on the left. A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where is the way D. which is the w

45、ay 38. -Can I help you? - Yes. I want a ticket to Suqian. Tell me _take to get there. A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 39. - I hear well have a new teacher this term. - Really? Do you know _? A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach C

46、. what subject he teaches D. what subject is he going to teach 40. He asked his teacher _. A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientists find out the result D. where could he find the library 41. Do you know _ over there? A. what happens B. what

47、was happened C. what is happening D. what did happen 42. - Do you know _ we will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon. A. when B. why C. if D. where 43. Could you tell me _ to Mount Putuo tomorrow? A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone 44. Could you tel

48、l me _? A. which room he lives B. which room he lived C. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in 45. - Do you know _ he is? - He says “1.75 meters”, but Im not sure. A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall 46. She said she _ me five letters in one month. A. has written B. will writ

49、e C. had written D. wrote 47. Can you tell me _ she is waiting for? A. why B. whose C. whom D. which 48. I dont know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether 49. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? - Yes, mum. A. what B. that C. why D. if 50. Id like

50、to know _. A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening 51. Could you tell me _? A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for C. where the bus station is D. why were you late 52. - Do you

51、know _? Im going to see him. - Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Tom live B. where did Tom live C. where Tom lives D. where Tom lived 53. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympics be held 54. She wanted to know _ her mother liked the present. A. which B. that C. if D. what 55. Could you tell me _? A. who is she B. wheres the nearest fast restaur