高考閱讀七選五做題技巧

1、一）題型解讀：一）題型解讀： 試題模式試題模式：給出一篇缺少給出一篇缺少5個(gè)句子的文章，個(gè)句子的文章，對(duì)應(yīng)有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、對(duì)應(yīng)有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。 考查重點(diǎn)：考查重點(diǎn)：主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說明）（考試說明） 選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容） 過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)） 注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）注釋性句子

2、（上下文邏輯意義）根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略 1)如果如果問題在段首問題在段首 通常是段落主題句通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題 2）如果空格出現(xiàn)在）如果空格出現(xiàn)在段中段中，這時(shí)要根據(jù)空格，這時(shí)要根據(jù)空格前后前后的句子的句子意思、備選選項(xiàng)的句子意思以及句子之間的意思、備選選項(xiàng)的句子意思以及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系來來確定答案確定答案3)如果問題在段尾如

3、果問題在段尾 通常是通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語(yǔ)等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。key words動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞名詞名詞代詞代詞時(shí)間時(shí)間序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞連詞連詞副詞副詞also標(biāo)題：標(biāo)題：大寫，較短，結(jié)合全文大寫，較短，結(jié)合全文段首：段首：根括文段根括文段段尾：段尾：總結(jié)，承上啟下總結(jié)，承上啟下

4、structures段中：段中：承上啟下承上啟下小標(biāo)題小標(biāo)題速讀全文，關(guān)注速讀全文，關(guān)注每段首尾句每段首尾句，了解大意了解大意知主題知主題瀏覽選項(xiàng)瀏覽選項(xiàng)，理解全篇邏輯關(guān)系，理解全篇邏輯關(guān)系, ,找出關(guān)鍵找出關(guān)鍵詞詞重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞 利用利用同義詞和近義詞同義詞和近義詞關(guān)系關(guān)系 利用利用詞的上下義詞的上下義關(guān)系關(guān)系 利用利用反義詞反義詞、過渡詞過渡詞關(guān)系關(guān)系七選五閱讀理解題的解題技七選五閱讀理解題的解題技巧巧: :根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略 1)如果如果問題在段首問題在段首 通常是段落主題句通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)

5、容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題2)如果問題在段尾如果問題在段尾 通常是通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語(yǔ)等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。主旨概括

6、句（文章整體內(nèi)容）主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容） 1) 首段首段首句首句 2) 中間段中間段首句首句 3)末段末段首句首句文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng)文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng)靠上下文承接做題靠上下文承接做題總結(jié)下文總結(jié)下文 本段主題本段主題文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng)文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng) ex.10 _ every day ,when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework,sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture,and putting everythin

7、g in order. she seems to be busy all the time. mother never buys expensive dresses for herself,but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. a. she enjoys listening to class music. b.she never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals. c. my mother is hardworking and never

8、wastes money. d. as a mother,she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.part iipassage 1 _ universities in britain are a magnet for overseas students. there are currently over 200 000 from outside britain studying at british universities. the largest single group is chinese students.there

9、are currently 50 000 in the uk. a.universities in the ukb.it is very simple to become an international student in the ukc.scholarships in universities 標(biāo)題標(biāo)題part iipassage 2 _ when a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled(迫使迫使) by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a ha

10、bit is formed. once a habit is formed, it is difficult , and sometimes impossible, to get rid of .a.it is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits.b.habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed.c.whether good or not habits are , they are easy to get rid of . 段首段首part

11、iipassage 3 nowadays in china, parents care about their childrens education more than anything else. they spend a lot coaching(訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練) their children in their studies. some even hire teachers for their children. many have their children sent to after-class schools._.a.it seems as if a better education

12、 is all that parents expect for their children.b.skills and knowledge means competition.c.skills and knowledge doesnt mean all. 段尾段尾part iipassage 4 not all past predictions have been proved wrong. _ some great thinkers predicted the arriveal of the credit card, the fax machine and even the internet

13、 -years before they happened.a.predictions of the futureb.a few of them have been surprisingly accurate.c. it hasnt appear yet. 段中段中part iipassage 6 learning another language isnt easy, _ language learning is cumulative(積累): you cannot put it off until weekend.distribute your study time study a diff

14、erent task each time:vocabulary now ,grammar next.etc.a.study every day .b. if youre asked to listen, practice listening.c.so youll at least have looked at it all. 小標(biāo)題小標(biāo)題 1. _ today, there are hundreds of different types of rock music, and almost every country has its own form of rock music. there i

15、s “heavy metal” which is very loud with hard rhythms, “rap” that developed on the streets of new york, “disco”, a type of soft rock music for dancing. and many more.a. rock and roll b. what todays rock music is like c. what popular music is d. the changes of country music e. traditional folk music f

16、. what country music isb2. _ rock and roll came from jazz and blues during the 1950s. one of the first very famous rock and roll singers was elvis presley. now, almost every country has many rock and roll bands and singers. some performers call their music by different names, like rap or punk.a. roc

17、k and roll b. what todays rock music is like c. what popular music is d. the changes of country music e. traditional folk music f. what country music isa 3. _ the music that most people like to sing and play today is called popular music. this includes the songs that you hear on the radio, in movies

18、, and on tv. some of the most popular kinds of music now are rock and roll and the country western music.a. rock and roll b. what todays rock music is like c. what popular music is d. the changes of country music e. traditional folk music f. what country music isc4. _ country music known as country

19、western music has a long history. it comes from the folk songs of immigrants(移民移民) from britain. country music uses simple music and words to express everyday feelings such as loneliness, love and sadness. a. rock and roll b. what todays rock music is like c. what popular music is d. the changes of

20、country music e. traditional folk music f. what country music isf5. _ country music became popular first among cowboys in the american western countryside. cowboys used to sing peaceful and beautiful songs to calm animals and get over their own fear. in recent years, many musicians have made country

21、 western music a little different from the music in the past. these changes make the songs sound even better.choose the right topic for each paragraph according to the passage. one of them is not useful.a. rock and roll b. what todays rock music is like c. what popular music is d. the changes of cou

22、ntry music e. traditional folk music f. what country music isd1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行進(jìn)行重復(fù)重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指指同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。等。 雙保險(xiǎn)：上下文再核實(shí)一下雙保險(xiǎn)：上下文再核實(shí)一下part ipassage 2 _ the image includes the w

23、ay you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us. a.always love yourself. b.self-image is your own minds picture of yourself.c.dont allow doubts to occur in it .self-imagesself-imageima

24、geex1 by 2020,dr. david davis believes ,car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road,whatever the weather conditions,by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen._cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar(牽牽引杠）引杠）to the car in front to form “roadtrains”.a.e

25、very driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.b.the car will automatically speed up,or slow down,to match the speed of the car in front.c.and it will not be owned by one individual.d.and by 2030,cars will travel in line,linked to each other electronically.2)詞匯同現(xiàn)法詞匯同現(xiàn)法詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯同一詞匯或者或者

26、跟此詞匯跟此詞匯相關(guān)同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯相關(guān)同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到到語(yǔ)義銜接的目的語(yǔ)義銜接的目的。你可以。你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般。一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的來說，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密（如：銜接關(guān)系越緊密（如： surround yourself with happy people. it is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who thin

27、k that way. _a. there are some tips in life that lead to happiness.b. being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.c. on the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.are aroundsurroundex2.half of shoppers re

28、fused to queue for more than five minutes in a high street shop. the internet,which allows shoppers to buy more goods,with just a click of the mouse,is one of the reason why peoples patience appears to be thin._ a.it was typical in the past. b. but it would seem we are no longer prepared to wait in

29、line. c.more people prefer to click the mouse for shopping at home d. as a result,food and drink sellers are having to find new ways to deliver good customer service.ex3on the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends w

30、ith whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,a.the following are its advantages.b.however,there may be a number of disadvantages.c.consider a distance education.d.most of us are a

31、dapted to studying at school.3)代詞線索代詞線索英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。 _ improved thinking abilities will help them to understand more both in academic sense and in as an individual.alway

32、s love yourself. a.thinking is a skill.b.creative thinking techniques can develop childrens mind.c.thinking is a tool, and it is something that can be sharpened.themchildren _ they give more background and details. they also let you read parts that are important to you and skip the rest. a.both tele

33、vision and the internet have many disadvantages.b.other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.c.newspapers and magazines have some important advantages.theynewspapers and magazinesreadex4._it is a very happy day for many boys and girls.before the terms ends in some schools,the children act

34、 a nativity（基督誕生）（基督誕生）or “birth” play,showing how jesus was born in a stable(馬廄）。馬廄）。a.people are often busy going shoppingb.now the chinese people also celebrate christmas.c. the turkey or chicken is quickly eaten.d.christmas day falls on the twentyfifty of december.ex5that happens in the 1980s. a

35、nd, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement._they represent many races,regions and political beliefs.a.they are mainly rich peopleb.parents choose homeschooling for several reasons.c.most often,their parents are their teachers.d.she says these include rich people and po

36、or people. 4)數(shù)字線索數(shù)字線索包括具體數(shù)字以及和數(shù)字相關(guān)的詞匯包括具體數(shù)字以及和數(shù)字相關(guān)的詞匯諸如諸如ratio, rate等等。作者列出數(shù)字，除了等等。作者列出數(shù)字，除了和其他數(shù)字進(jìn)行對(duì)比和比較之外，還可以和其他數(shù)字進(jìn)行對(duì)比和比較之外，還可以用數(shù)據(jù)來說明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。用數(shù)據(jù)來說明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。ex.6 as in china, the weather is different from area to area._1_ the temperatures can fall to 60 ，which is 60 below freezing. in the capital,ottawa,th

37、e average of winter temperature is -10,and in summer 21 ._2_ the average january temperature is 3 ,and in july it is 18 a.canada is famous for the kind of paper which is used for newspapersb.canada is the second largest country in the world .c.the west coast of canada is the warmest place in winterd

38、.in the north,the winters are long and hard with snow for six months.e.for two centuries english and french settlers struggled against each other. sixty years ago, people asked about your astrological sign. _ these days, having a web address is almost as important as a street address.a.start simply.

39、b.nowadays, they want to know your website.c.at the top of the page is a banner graphic.sixty years agonowadays(a)并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系： and, or, also，neithernor,eitheror,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same as,besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in

40、 addition to ,what is more5)邏輯關(guān)系線索邏輯關(guān)系線索(b)因果關(guān)系：因果關(guān)系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, sothat, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result ,because of ,in that, for this reason, of course(c)轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other h

41、and, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than ,instead of, it is true that,of course,although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of(d)時(shí)間關(guān)系：時(shí)間關(guān)系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the mean time, last, late

42、r, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一以及一些具體的時(shí)間。些具體的時(shí)間。ex.7_ some choose it because of their religious beliefs. others say it provides more time for the family to be together.they say home offers a better place for learning. some parents. a. so a number of parents began ho

43、me-schooling b. home schooling is not accepted by all the people c. parents choose home schooling for several reasons d.most often, their parents are their teachersex.8this could be watching tv or listening to music. doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as

44、mentally tired ._however,coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. a. so, whats a good sleep? b. a bedtime drink can also help c. having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.(ex.9 taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become

45、 a better student in several ways._ second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. third, note-taking offers.(2008 寧夏寧夏.海南卷）海南卷）a.use words, not complete sentences .b.you must write your notes on separate paper.c.first,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.d.there are three practica