淺議金屬結(jié)構(gòu)工程混凝土配合比的和易性調(diào)整

1、 淺議金屬結(jié)構(gòu)工程混凝土配合比的和易性調(diào)整 為便于制作質(zhì)量的控制，鋼閘門采用廠內(nèi)生產(chǎn)、整體或分片運(yùn)輸、現(xiàn)場安裝的方法，制作材料必需有廠家的質(zhì)保單，使用前隨機(jī)抽取一組試樣進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，確保材料質(zhì)量。為控制焊接變形，除在平臺上制作靠模，安裝墻時支撐外，還需按工藝制定的次序進(jìn)行焊接。整體焊接完成后的門葉應(yīng)用水平儀進(jìn)行檢測。閘門外形尺寸允許偏差和安裝的允許偏差參照有關(guān)規(guī)定執(zhí)行。 水利工程中，水閘的施工是常見并且重要的。如果施工管理不到位、不科學(xué)，經(jīng)常會給工程帶來較大的安全隱患。本文通過施工前的準(zhǔn)備、施工時土方工程、混凝土工程以及金屬結(jié)構(gòu)等工程、施工后等幾個階段的施工管理控制分析，可以使水閘工程施工的質(zhì)量得

2、到有效控制。For ease of manufacture quality control of steel gate used whole or sharding transportation, factory production, site installation method, production material must have a manufacturer's quality policy, before using a random sample of a set of sample to test, to ensure the quality of materi

3、al. To control the welding deformation, in addition to on the platform made by mold, installing a wall support, also need to according to the welding process of the order. Overall welding after the completion of the door leaf testing application level. To allow the gate dimension deviation and allow

4、ed installation deviation according to relevant provisions. Construction of water conservancy project, the lock is common and important. If construction management does not reach the designated position, not science, often bring great security hidden danger to engineering. In this article, through t

5、he preparation before construction, construction of earthwork engineering, concrete engineering and metal structure engineering, construction, after several stages of construction management control analysis, can make the sluice project to effectively control the construction quality. 二、施工前的管理Second

6、, before the construction management 工程開工前，對施工企業(yè)提交的技術(shù)方案、技術(shù)措施、質(zhì)量保證體系以及管理制度等工作嚴(yán)密審核，特別是對企業(yè)投入工程技術(shù)人員的數(shù)量和素質(zhì)提出具體要求；其次要抓好設(shè)計(jì)圖紙會審，了解施工中的技術(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo)及需要注意的問題，對不利于施工管理的地方及時提出進(jìn)行商討，做到未雨綢繆；對施工中存在難度的地方提前做好準(zhǔn)備。Engineering before construction, the technical proposal submitted by the construction enterprises, technical measu

7、res, quality assurance system and management system closely, especially for the quantity and quality of engineering and technical personnel in enterprises put forward specific requirements; Next came to pay special attention to the design drawings, understand the construction of the technical indica

8、tors and the problems need to pay attention to quality, in areas not conducive to the construction management is put forward in time to discuss, do it for a rainy day; The difficulty in the construction place to prepare ahead of time. 另外，工程施工前，首先要成立閘門施工管理小組，并制定詳細(xì)的生產(chǎn)管理制度，在施工中起監(jiān)督指揮和協(xié)調(diào)作用。內(nèi)部機(jī)構(gòu)可根據(jù)工程特點(diǎn)設(shè)定，

9、一般包括施工組、技術(shù)組、物資組、機(jī)電組、檢測組。技術(shù)組負(fù)責(zé)工程質(zhì)量監(jiān)督驗(yàn)收工作，以及施工過程中的混凝土配比選擇、混凝土、試塊試壓等技術(shù)工作，同時負(fù)責(zé)編制水閘作業(yè)規(guī)程及有關(guān)資料的收集、歸檔管理工作；檢測組負(fù)責(zé)閘門施工檢測及水閘門的安裝線的放線工作，保證施工與設(shè)計(jì)尺寸相符；物資組負(fù)責(zé)保質(zhì)保量供應(yīng)所有閘門施工材料；施工組為專業(yè)的水閘施工隊(duì)伍，在技術(shù)組和檢測組的技術(shù)指導(dǎo)下，負(fù)責(zé)完成開挖、澆筑混凝土等工程，并做好施工中的原始資料記錄；機(jī)電組負(fù)責(zé)閘門門體的吊裝和最后的試壓工作。Before also, engineering construction, first of all, to set up ga

10、te construction management team, and formulate detailed production management system, command, supervision and coordination role in the construction. Internal mechanism can be set according to the engineering characteristics. Generally includes construction group, technology, materials, mechanical a

11、nd electrical group, test group. Technology group is responsible for project quality supervision and inspection work, and the construction process, choice of concrete proportion in concrete, block pressure testing technology such as work, and at the same time is responsible for the preparation of sl

12、uice operation procedures and relevant materials collection, work; Inspection group is responsible for the gate construction and installation of water gate line pay-off work, guarantee the construction accords with the design size; Goods and materials supply with good quality group responsible for a

13、ll the gate construction materials; Construction group is a professional lock construction team, under the technical instruction of technical group and testing group, responsible for the complete excavation, concrete engineering, and construction of the original data record; Electrical and mechanica

14、l group shall be responsible for the valve body assembly and final test. 三、施工的管理Three, the construction management 百年大計(jì)，質(zhì)量第一，施工過程中要嚴(yán)把質(zhì)量關(guān)，層層控制質(zhì)量：把好測量關(guān)、控制各種材料的材質(zhì)和強(qiáng)度、控制配料計(jì)量、控制施工工藝、做好質(zhì)檢工作同時加強(qiáng)對土方工程的開挖部位、混凝土工程、金屬結(jié)構(gòu)工程等重點(diǎn)施工部位的管理工作。One hundred plans, the quality first, the construction process must strictly

15、the quality pass, layers of quality control: locked well measurement, control all kinds of material and the strength of the material, control of ingredients measurement, control, construction technology, completes the quality inspection work at the same time strengthen the excavation of earthwork pa

16、rts, metal structure engineering, concrete engineering construction site management work. （一）開挖工程(a) excavation engineering 水閘工程，往往斷面較大，長度也較長，因此土石方開挖階段是水閘施工的重要時期，開挖的質(zhì)量關(guān)系到水閘的質(zhì)量和投入。開挖斷面過大，細(xì)石混凝土泵需要的混凝土也越多，開挖斷面小不能保證水閘的強(qiáng)度。因此開挖過程中必須嚴(yán)格按照中腰線施工，使開挖與設(shè)計(jì)相符。開挖工程結(jié)束后必須對開挖工程按設(shè)計(jì)圖紙進(jìn)行檢查驗(yàn)收。Sluice project, often cross s

17、ection is larger, the length is longer, so t excavation stage is an important period of sluice construction, excavation is related to the quality of the locks and the quality of the inputs. Excavation section is too big, need the more concrete it is, small excavation section does not guarantee the s

18、trength of the lock. So in the process of excavation, it must be in strict accordance with the waist line in the construction, the excavation and design. After the excavation engineering excavation engineering must be in accordance with the design drawings to check acceptance. （二）混凝土工程(2) concrete e

19、ngineering 1、原材料的質(zhì)量控制1, the quality control of raw materials 原材料的質(zhì)量及其波動，對混凝土質(zhì)量及施工工藝有很大影響。在混凝土生產(chǎn)過程中，通風(fēng)除塵設(shè)備對原材料的質(zhì)量控制除經(jīng)常性的檢測外，還要求質(zhì)量控制人員隨時掌握其含量的變化規(guī)律，并擬定相應(yīng)的對策措施。The quality of raw materials and its volatility, has a great influence on the concrete quality and construction craft. In the process of concret

20、e production, the quality control of raw materials. In addition to the regular inspection, quality control personnel are also required to keep track of its content, and proposed the corresponding countermeasures. 2、科學(xué)配制混凝土是保證質(zhì)量的先決條件2, scientific preparation concrete is prerequisite to ensure the qua

21、lity （1）混凝土施工配合比的換算(1) the conversion of mix proportion of concrete construction 試驗(yàn)室所確定的配合比其各級骨料不含有超粒徑顆粒且以飽和面干狀態(tài)。但施工時，各級骨料中常含有一定量超粒徑顆粒，而且其乳化液泵站含水量常超過飽和面干狀態(tài)。因此應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)測骨料超粒徑含量及砂石表面含水率，將試驗(yàn)室配合比換算為施工配合比。Laboratory of mixture ratio. The aggregate does not contain super size particles at all levels. And in sa

22、turated surface dry state. But the construction, aggregate at all levels often contains a certain amount in excess of the particle size of particles, and its water content is often more than saturated surface dry state. So should according to the actual aggregate content and particle size sand surfa

23、ce moisture content, the laboratory scale for the construction mixture ratio. （2）混凝土施工配合比的調(diào)整(2) the adjustment of the mix proportion of concrete construction 試驗(yàn)室所確定的混凝土配合比，其和易性不一定能與實(shí)際施工條件完全適合。當(dāng)施工設(shè)備、運(yùn)輸方法或運(yùn)輸距離，施工氣候等條件發(fā)生變化時，對旋局部通風(fēng)機(jī)所要求的混凝土坍落度也隨之改變。為保證混凝土和易性符合施工要求，需將混凝土含水率及用水量做適當(dāng)調(diào)整。Laboratory of concrete

24、 mixture ratio, its workability is not necessarily can completely with actual construction condition and suitable. When construction equipment, transportation methods, or transportation distance, construction condition such as climate change, the required concrete slump has also changed. In order to

25、 ensure the concrete workability conform to the requirements of the construction, the moisture content of concrete and the water must be to do appropriate adjustments. （3）混凝土配合比，需滿足工程技術(shù)性能及施工工藝的要求，才能保證混凝土順利施工及達(dá)到工程要求的強(qiáng)度等性能。為改善混凝土性能，提高混凝土強(qiáng)度，達(dá)到工程各部位對混凝土各種性能的要求，在混凝土中摻入不同類型的外加劑，快速升柱器可以改善混凝土性能的科學(xué)配制，其技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)綜

26、合效益十分顯著。(3) the concrete mixture ratio, need to meet the requirements of engineering technical performance and construction technology, to ensure smooth construction and meet the engineering requirements of concrete strength, etc. To improve concrete performance, improve the strength of concrete, to

27、 each part of the project's request, on concrete mixed with different type of additive in concrete, can improve the performance of concrete science compound, its technology, the comprehensive economic benefit is significant. 3、混凝土試件合格，結(jié)構(gòu)物混凝土不一定全部合格3, concrete specimen qualified, structure of con

28、crete is not necessarily completely qualified 混凝土的質(zhì)量是依靠混凝土試件的強(qiáng)度來評定，并代表結(jié)構(gòu)物混凝土的強(qiáng)度，這是認(rèn)為在正常施工情況下，實(shí)際工程結(jié)構(gòu)物混凝土強(qiáng)度可以表現(xiàn)出混凝土試件強(qiáng)度特性。但應(yīng)當(dāng)指出，當(dāng)結(jié)構(gòu)物混凝土澆筑成型不夠密實(shí)，或有缺陷時，試件強(qiáng)度的代表性就要隨著降低，因?yàn)樵嚰w形很小，容易澆筑成型和養(yǎng)護(hù)振實(shí)?；炷凛斔捅媒Y(jié)構(gòu)物的混凝土質(zhì)量只依靠試件強(qiáng)度保證是不夠的，還必需對結(jié)構(gòu)物的混凝土施工全過程進(jìn)行妥善控制，對關(guān)鍵部位的結(jié)構(gòu)物，有必要進(jìn)行鉆芯取樣檢查試驗(yàn)，以確?；炷两Y(jié)構(gòu)物的質(zhì)量。Concrete quality is depend

29、on the strength of the concrete specimen to assess, and represents the strength of the concrete structure, it is believe that in the normal construction conditions, actual engineering structure concrete strength can show the concrete specimen strength characteristics. But it should be pointed out th

30、at when the structure concrete pouring forming dense enough, or has a defect, the strength of the specimens representative will be with lower, because the specimen size is small, easy casting molding and curing vibrated. Of concrete structure is not enough to only rely on the strength of specimen to

31、 ensure quality, also necessary to properly control the structure of the whole process of concrete construction, the key parts of a structure, there is a need for more check test, to ensure the quality of concrete structures. 4、和易性是決定混凝土質(zhì)量的主要因素4, workability is a major factor in determining the qual

32、ity of concrete 和易性是混凝土拌和物的流動性，粘聚性，保水性等多種性能的綜合表述。當(dāng)混凝土拌和和易性不良時，則混凝土可能振搗不實(shí)或發(fā)生離析現(xiàn)象，產(chǎn)生質(zhì)量缺陷?；炷恋暮鸵仔粤己茫炷烈渍駥?shí)，且不發(fā)生離析，能夠獲得均質(zhì)密實(shí)良好的混凝土澆筑質(zhì)量。Workability is concrete mixing liquid, adhesiveness and water retention, and other performance comprehensively. When poor mixing concrete workability, concrete vibrating false or segregation phenomenon takes place, the produce quality defects. Yi Zhen solid concrete workability is good, concrete, and segregation does not occur, can obtain homogeneous dense concrete pouring quality of good. 5、混凝土澆筑振搗過程是混凝土質(zhì)量控制的主要環(huán)節(jié)5, conc