跨文化交際culturePPT課件

1、Teaching Objectives 1.To understand the definitions of culture. 2. To know about the metaphors of culture. 3. To learn about the characteristics of culture.第1頁/共28頁第2頁/共28頁第3頁/共28頁第4頁/共28頁Warm up Questions 1. How did Chinese and American perceive Parents beating their own child differently? To show

2、respect to the other or give the face to the other Illegal as the child abuse第5頁/共28頁 2. What is a good friend in Chinese and American culture? Be loyal to each other and never betray even to lie Be honest and constructive and helpful第6頁/共28頁 3. How did Sunwukong in A Journey to the West represent t

3、he traditional Chinese values and ethics? Warmhearted, compassionate, perseverant Bad-tempered, violent第7頁/共28頁Definition of Culture Culture is ubiquitous, multi-dimensional and all-pervasive, as we have it almost anywhere and anytime. So what is culture? It is estimated that there are more than 164

4、 definitions of culture. We are trying to examine the three ingredients of culture to reach an consensus (pg. 5-6).第8頁/共28頁Three Ingredients1.artifacts2.behavior 3.concepts (beliefs, values, world views)e.g. Whereas the money is considered an artifact, the actual spending and saving of the money is

5、behavior. Then the value placed on it is a concept. 第9頁/共28頁From Anthropologic Perspective Culture is the civilizations and achievements of a particular time or people. This is an anthropologists definition.Greek cultureEgyptian cultureChinese cultureBabylon第10頁/共28頁From Intellectual Perspective Acc

6、ording to the Concise Oxford Dictionary, culture is the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively. It refers to intellectual perspective, such as music, art, exhibition, dance, etc. When you talk about Picasso, Beethoven, etc., you are talking about cultur

7、e.musicexhibitiondancePicassoBeethoven第11頁/共28頁From Psychological Perspective Culture is an observable pattern of behavior which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another.第12頁/共28頁From Intercultural Communication Perspective Culture is a learned set of shared interpretations a

8、bout beliefs, values, and norms, which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people.第13頁/共28頁SummaryCulture involves at least three components:1.the material and spiritual products people produce2.what they do3.what they think第14頁/共28頁Metaphors for CultureBy examining the metaphors for

9、culture, we are going to figure out the prominent characteristics of culture.1.The Cultural Iceberg2.The Culture Onion第15頁/共28頁The aspects of culture that are explicit, visible, taught.The aspects of culture that are intangible and not taught directly.第16頁/共28頁 Just as an iceberg which has a visible

10、 section above the waterline and a larger invisible section below the waterline, culture has some aspects that are observable and others that can only be suspected and imagined. Also like an iceberg, the part of culture that is visible is only a small part of a much bigger whole. It is said nine-ten

11、th of culture is below the surface. (pg. 7)第17頁/共28頁 Mongolians are very serious and composed in their expressions. In the city, this is beginning to change slightly. Youll see a number of my students smiling. But this is not traditional. When I first came here, my friends asked me why Americans smi

12、le so much. They felt that Americana smile even at people they dont like and that quite insincere. Lisa Buchwalder第18頁/共28頁Kimono; Saki; Tatamithe BeatlesGreetingsWork to liveLive to work第19頁/共28頁 Culture in the outer layer: A particular symbol is chosen gives a good idea of the culture of that inst

13、ance. Heroes are chosen as examples for people in a particular group. Culture in the middle layer: The things one is supposed to do in certain situations or at certain moments of the day, the week or the year. Culture in the inner nucleus layer: At the centre of the onion lie the values, the reasons

14、 why we do. These values are the core of the culture, but more difficult to observe and to know, even in ones own culture.Culture can be imagined as an onion, consisting of multiple layers.第20頁/共28頁Characteristics of Culture Culture is shared. All communications take place by means of symbols.Cloud

15、of fortunePoundDangerRightWrongReligion第21頁/共28頁 Why can the picture on the money prove the man is the Sultan of Brunei? Why does the image on money usually symbolize?BruPound第22頁/共28頁 Culture is learned. Culture is learned, not inherited. It derives from ones social environment, not from ones genes

16、. Enculturation(文化習(xí)得文化習(xí)得): all the activities of learning ones culture are called enculturation.第23頁/共28頁 An American boy was born in the united States, but grew up in China, as his parents were doing business in China. He finished his primary school and junior school in China. At school he studied

17、and played with his Chinese classmates and spoke mandarin. But he spoke English with his parents at home. What troubled his parents most was that his thinking and behaviors were just identical to a Chinese boys, which often made his communication with his parents difficult.第24頁/共28頁 Culture is dynam

18、ic. (pg. 6) Culture is subject to change. Its dynamic rather than static, constantly changing and evolving under the impact of events and through contact with other cultures. Acculturation(文化適應(yīng)文化適應(yīng)): the process which adopts the changes brought about by another culture and develops an increased similarity between the two cultures.第25頁/共28頁 Culture is ethnocentric(文化中心主義文化中心主義). Ethnocentric is the belief that your own cultural background is s