漢譯英短文翻譯

1、在從前的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)里，中國人最重要的節(jié)日就是過年。對(duì)過去的一年來說，這是結(jié)束；對(duì)未來的一年來說，這是開始。一進(jìn)入臘月，街頭巷尾就充滿了過年的氣氛，這種氣氛要持續(xù)一個(gè)半月之久。大家通過各種游樂節(jié)目來調(diào)劑一年來的辛勞，在游樂中流露著一種樂觀進(jìn)取的精神。過年時(shí)，每家門上都貼上了春聯(lián)，耀眼的紅紙給人們帶來了喜氣，優(yōu)美的字句提供了勉勵(lì)。In previous/former agricultural society, the Spring Festival was the most important holiday in China. It is the end of the past year and

2、the beginning of the next. As soon as the twelfth month of the lunar year begins, streets are filled with an atmosphere of celebrating the Spring Festival for a month and a half. People relax and get rid of the past years hard work by a variety of entertainment with a sense of optimism and enterpris

3、e. During the holiday, Spring Festival couplets are put on the door of every household. The shining red paper brings happiness to people, and the elegant/graceful words offers encouragement.  上海是一座朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力、多姿多彩的國際化大都市。改革開放以來，上海變化之大令世人矚目。經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展、社會(huì)秩序穩(wěn)定、人們安居樂業(yè)，呈現(xiàn)出一片繁華景象。今天，盡管上海色彩斑斕的過去還值得留戀和回味，但城市

4、日新月異的面貌卻使越來越多的人折服。浦西展示了上海的輝煌歲月，浦東則展現(xiàn)了上海的美好前景。上海就像一輪紅日，光芒四射，鮮艷奪目。Shanghai is a dynamic, vigorous and diversified international metropolis. Since the reform and opening-up to the outside world, Shanghai has witnessed tremendous changes that attract worldwide attention. With rapid economic development,

5、 stable social order as well as peaceful and contented life and work of its people, Shanghai presents a scene of great prosperity. Today, though Shanghais glorious past is still worth remembering and savoring, its ever-changing image has filled more and more people with admiration. Puxi represents S

6、hanghais splendid past, while Pudong unfolds its bright future. Like a rising sun, Shanghai is shining strikingly with great brilliance. 古時(shí)候的讀書人，閑暇時(shí)間以琴棋書畫自娛自樂。在中國人看來，藝術(shù)品的好壞反映了作者人格的高低。因此，彈琴、下棋、書法和繪畫，都代表了一個(gè)人的修養(yǎng)。彈琴不是要做音樂家，而是進(jìn)入一個(gè)遼闊的世界，凈化自己的心靈。下棋不是為了勝負(fù)，而是磨練耐性，使人目光眼大。書法不僅要把字寫得漂亮，也是為了陶冶情操。繪畫則是通過簡(jiǎn)單的線條，展現(xiàn)自己想

7、象的世界。 In ancient times, scholars enjoyed themselves by music, chess, calligraphy and painting at their leisure/in their spare time. In the eyes of Chinese people, the quality of artwork is a reflection of the character of its creator. Therefore, playing music, playing chess, practicing calligraphy a

8、nd painting show ones culture. By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to broaden his horizons and purify his soul. By playing chess, one does not aim to win but to test his patience and sharpen his foresight. By practicing calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also

9、 to cultivate his mind. By painting, one creates his imaginary world with simple lines. 推薦精選春節(jié)是中國最盛大的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也叫“過年”。除夕夜里，全家人聚在一起吃豐盛的團(tuán)圓飯，包餃子、放鞭炮、貼春聯(lián)、看春晚迎接新的一年到來。大年初一早上，孩子們穿著新衣服，跟著父母去拜年。長輩們往往發(fā)給孩子們一些壓歲錢，祝福他們又長了一歲。春節(jié)是一個(gè)家人團(tuán)聚的日子，離家在外的孩子都要回家。一家老少歡聚團(tuán)圓，共享天倫之樂。 Spring Festival, also called “Celebrating Lunar New

10、 Year”, is the grandest traditional festival in China. On the eve of Spring Festival, the whole family gather together to have a wonderful family reunion dinner, making dumplings, setting off firecrackers , putting up Spring Festival couplets and watching Spring Festival Gala to celebrate the coming

11、 of the new year. On the first morning of Spring Festival, children, in their new clothes, follow their parents to pay New Years visits. Elders often give children some “gift money”, blessing them as they are a year older. Spring Festival is a period for family members to reunite when grown children

12、 away from home all return home. All family members, old and young, gather together to enjoy the happiness of the family reunion. 今天，中國的剪紙主要用于裝飾。在中國人看來，貼在門上的紅色剪紙能夠給全家?guī)砑樾腋?。在中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日里，尤其是春節(jié)期間，剪紙尤為常見。剪紙可以作為禮物送給親朋好友。在中國的傳統(tǒng)文化里，剪紙可以反映出生活中的各個(gè)方面，如吉祥如意、健康長壽和五谷豐登。春節(jié)期間，“福”字經(jīng)常倒貼在門上，表達(dá)人們對(duì)“福到”的祝福。 Today, Chinese

13、 paper-cut is mainly used for decoration. In the eyes of Chinese people, red paper-cut pasted on doors can bring prosperity and happiness to the whole family. During traditional Chinese festivals, especially Spring Festival, paper-cut is more often seen. Paper-cut can be presented to friends and rel

14、atives as a gift. In traditional Chinese culture, paper-cut can reflect various aspects of life, such as prosperity, health, longevity and harvest. During Spring Festival, the Chinese character fu, which means happiness, is pasted upside down on doors to express wishes for happiness. 中華文明歷來注重社會(huì)和諧，強(qiáng)調(diào)

15、團(tuán)結(jié)互助。中國人早就提出了“和為貴”的思想，追求天人和諧、人際和諧和身心和諧。今天，中國要構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)，就是要建設(shè)一個(gè)民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的社會(huì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)物質(zhì)和精神、民主和法治、公平和效率、活力和秩序的統(tǒng)一。中國人民把民族團(tuán)結(jié)作為自己的職責(zé)，把國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整作為自己至高無上的使命。 Chinese civilization has always attached great importance to social harmony, unity and mutual assistance. Chinese people, who proposed

16、the idea of “harmony as the most precious” in the early days, strive for harmony between man and nature, among people and between mans body and soul. Today, it is a harmonious society of democracy and rule of law, fairness and justice, honesty and fraternity, vitality and stability, order and harmon

17、y between man and nature that China is trying to build , which achieves unity between material and culture, democracy and rule of law, fairness and efficiency as well as vitality and order. Chinese people regard ethnical unity as their responsibility and national sovereignty and territorial integrit

18、y as their supreme mission. 推薦精選正月十五元宵節(jié)是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也是春節(jié)之后的第一個(gè)重要節(jié)日，象征著和睦團(tuán)圓。這是一年中第一個(gè)月圓之夜，標(biāo)志著大地回春。按照中國民俗，在這皓月當(dāng)空的夜晚，人們要點(diǎn)起彩燈萬盞以示慶賀。中國幅員遼闊、歷史悠久，元宵節(jié)的習(xí)俗全國各地也不盡相同。其中，吃元宵、賞花燈和猜燈謎是元宵節(jié)最重要的民間習(xí)俗。 The Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, also the

19、 first major one after the Spring Festival, symbolizing harmony and unity. It is the first full moon night of the lunar year, marking the return of spring. According to the Chinese folk custom, people light thousands of colorful lanterns on this moon-lit night to celebrate the festival. Because of i

20、ts vast territory and long history, customs of the Lantern Festival vary in different areas across the country, among which eating yuanxiao (sweet sticky rice dumplings), appreciating lanterns and guessing lantern riddles are the most important folk customs. 中國傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深、源遠(yuǎn)流長。早在兩千多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說和以

21、老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說。從孔夫子到孫中山，中國傳統(tǒng)文化有很多珍貴的思想。比如，強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛、強(qiáng)調(diào)集體利益、強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公，特別是強(qiáng)調(diào)吃苦耐勞、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德。所有這些，都對(duì)家庭、社會(huì)和國家起到了巨大的維系和調(diào)節(jié)作用。 Traditional Chinese culture, extensive and profound, enjoys a long history. As early as 2000 years ago, there emerged Confucianism founded by Confucius and Mencius, and Taoism founded by Lao Tz

22、u and Chuang Tzu. From Confucius to Sun Yat-sen, traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas. For example, it stresses kindness and love, the interests of the community, the idea of Justice for All in the World, and especially the traditional virtues such as diligence and endurance, res

23、pecting teachers and valuing education. All these have played a great role in binding and regulating families, the society and the country. 中國教育改革的當(dāng)務(wù)之急是要改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有課程設(shè)置和考試辦法，不要讓孩子只知道死讀書。教育改革的關(guān)鍵在于使全社會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到中、小學(xué)教育的目的不只是讓學(xué)生掌握必要的知識(shí)，更應(yīng)該提高學(xué)生整體素質(zhì)，特別是讓他們對(duì)人生意義和社會(huì)責(zé)任這些根本性的問題要有比較深入的思考。學(xué)校要選擇合適的方式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成正確的世界觀。如果學(xué)校只強(qiáng)調(diào)知識(shí)教育而忽

24、視了人生課程的引導(dǎo)，那么培養(yǎng)出來的只是一批文字或者數(shù)字機(jī)器。The top priority in the reform of the education system should be given to the improvement in the curriculum and testing system so that the future generation will not study mechanically. The key to the reform of the education lies in arousing social awareness that primar

25、y and secondary education should aim not only to offer basic knowledge to students but also to improve their overall quality, especially to inspire them to ponder over some fundamental issues like the meaning of life and social responsibility. Schools should guide students in an appropriate way so t

26、hat they can form a proper world view. If schools put undue emphasis on imparting knowledge while neglect the guidance on students推薦精選 life, they will produce nothing but machines only capable of memorizing words and numbers. 科教興國戰(zhàn)略是我國的一項(xiàng)基本國策?？萍歼M(jìn)步是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的決定性因素，發(fā)展教育又是科技進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)。全球范圍內(nèi)日趨激烈的經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，歸根結(jié)底是科技和人才的競(jìng)

27、爭(zhēng)。科教工作的根本任務(wù)是提高全民族的思想道德素質(zhì)、科學(xué)文化素質(zhì)和創(chuàng)新能力。大力發(fā)展教育和科技事業(yè)是我國現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的需要，同時(shí)也是適應(yīng)世界科技革命和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的需要。The strategy of developing the country by relying on science and education is one of Chinas basic state policies. Scientific and technological progress is a decisive factor in economic development, and educational development is the foundation of scientific and technological progress. The increasingly fierce economic competition across the world is, in the final analysis, the competition in science and technology and the competition for talents. The fundamental task of our work in sc