教育學(xué)原理重點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、in 2021 county economic w orkshop s hang of spe ech comra de are: this county economi c work shop of main ta sk is, full im plement impl ementation ce ntral, and provi nci al, and muni cipal economic work shop a nd province party main leaders semi nar spirit , recalle d sum mary results, a nalysi s

2、judge situation, arrangements de ployment new a nnual focus w ork task, mobilization county upper a nd l ower further gra sp new normal, impleme ntation new conce pt, temper new style, show ne w as, str uggled to a dvance county economic social tra nsformation upgra de science development. foll owi

3、ng , told four a a spe cts of probl em: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence an d determi nation 2021, face macr oeconomic dow n pressure conti nue d increase d of severe situati on a nd difficult heavy of reform development task, county upper a nd l owe

4、r tight at central and pr ovinces seri es major decision de ployme nt, firmly grasp stability in the seeki ng into t otal tone , active adapted economi c devel opme nt new normal, focused focus fiel d, full work storming, county economic soci al devel opme nt rendering out contrarian t o good, a nd

5、sta bility in t he ha s into, a nd more poi nts breakt hrough, a nd overall a good trend. one is closely linked t o the transformation a nd upgradi ng of the global, compre hensive e conomic power significa ntly. a ccurately gauge the ma cro sit uation and based on real compre hensive pla n, strongl

6、y pr omote the sustai ned a nd healthy development of economy and society. proje ct support ca pacity i ncrea sed sig nifica ntly. a dhere t o the inside and out side sim ultane ously, buil d, impl ementation of nati onal a nd provincial inve stment of 625 milli on yuan, for state one or tw o, three

7、 , four or five specifi c bond f unds and local repla ceme nt bond funds of 554 milli on yuan, for the starting year of key constructi on pr oje cts ha s laid a soli d foundati on. in particular the national circular e conomy demonstration countie s and .two state -level pi lot pr oject ofecol ogica

8、l demonstration county proje ct platforms settled i n jing chuan, z hu jia jia n constr ucti on of the reserv oir bega n, ha ndi cap reservoir s, li u lihe re servoir preparat4i on w ork goe s well, take soli d steps for comprehensive utilizati on of water r esource s; city gas station to speed up i

9、mplementat ion of the pr oject, i be came the county's first we st-east gas pipeline proje ct in t he surrounding area benefit from the count y, major projects supporte d increase d sig nificantl y. overall well-off soci ety constantly consolidate 254the basi s. battle victory i ndustrial develo

10、pment as t he primary task of the well -off, fruit producti on suita ble for full coverage of the target will be realize d, vegetabl e industry development area exte ndi ng, farming aqua culture changes t he mome ntum of the show , "markets + enterpri se + base + farmers" as t hey gradua l

11、ly introduced mea sures significa ntly str engt hen standar dized ma nagement, i ndustry constantly consoli date the basis and enri chi ng. investment attraction results conti nue t o expand. adhere to t he soft envir onme nt of excellence a nd impr ove the e nvironme nt are equally1 學(xué)校訓(xùn)練即狹義的訓(xùn)練， 是訓(xùn)練

12、者依據(jù)肯定社會或階級的要求，有目的， 有方案，有組織地通過學(xué)校訓(xùn)練的工作，對受教者的身心施加影響，促使他們朝著期望方向進(jìn)展，把他們努力培育成為肯定社會或階級所需要的人才的活動；2 訓(xùn)練的根本屬性（為什么說訓(xùn)練是一種社會現(xiàn)象）：訓(xùn)練是一種社會現(xiàn)象或社會活動，實(shí)質(zhì)上承認(rèn)訓(xùn)練是人類獨(dú)有的一種社會現(xiàn)象，即確定了訓(xùn)練的社會屬性訓(xùn)練是培育人的社會活動3 訓(xùn)練產(chǎn)生于原始社會末期4 訓(xùn)練學(xué)的討論對象是訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)象，通過討論訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)象來揭示訓(xùn)練規(guī)律，從而指導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐；5 訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)象泛指訓(xùn)練在產(chǎn)生和進(jìn)展過程中表現(xiàn)出來的各種各樣的思潮，觀念，條件，要求，沖突，問題等等；訓(xùn)練規(guī)律就是訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)象 同其他社會現(xiàn)象或訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)象內(nèi)部各構(gòu)

13、成要素之間的固有沖突，或彼此間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系；6 學(xué)記是世界上第一部較為系統(tǒng)地論述訓(xùn)練問題的著作7 1632年，捷克訓(xùn)練學(xué)家夸美紐斯在概括文藝復(fù)興以來訓(xùn)練成果的基礎(chǔ) 上，公開出版了大訓(xùn)練學(xué)論，這是近代第一部體系完整的訓(xùn)練學(xué)著作，是訓(xùn)練學(xué)開頭成為一門獨(dú)立學(xué)科的標(biāo)志；8 有用主義訓(xùn)練學(xué)的代表人物是美國聞名哲學(xué)家，訓(xùn)練家杜威，其基本觀點(diǎn)是：（ 1）訓(xùn)練即生活（2）訓(xùn)練即同學(xué)個(gè)體體會連續(xù)不斷改造3 學(xué)校即社會（4） 課堂組織以同學(xué)的體會為中心師生關(guān)系以兒童為中心（5）訓(xùn)練過程應(yīng)重視學(xué) 生自己的獨(dú)立發(fā)覺，表現(xiàn)和體驗(yàn)，敬重同學(xué)進(jìn)展的差異性9 在我國， 1930 年出版了楊賢江的新訓(xùn)練大綱 ，這是我國第一部試圖

14、以馬克思主義的觀點(diǎn)論述訓(xùn)練的著作；10 訓(xùn)練學(xué)的討論方法：觀看法，歷史法，調(diào)查法，統(tǒng)計(jì)法，行動討論11 訓(xùn)練的社會功能（ 1）訓(xùn)練的經(jīng)濟(jì)功能：訓(xùn)練是勞動力再生產(chǎn)的重要手段：訓(xùn)練能把可能的勞動力轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的勞動力； 訓(xùn)練能把一般性的勞動者轉(zhuǎn)化為特地性的勞動者；訓(xùn)練能把較低水平的勞動者提升為較高水平的勞動者；訓(xùn)練能把一種形狀的勞動者改造為另一種形狀的勞動者；訓(xùn)練能把單維度的勞動者轉(zhuǎn)化為多維度的勞動者訓(xùn)練是科學(xué)技術(shù)再生產(chǎn)的手段：訓(xùn)練能傳遞和傳播科學(xué)學(xué)問； 訓(xùn)練是進(jìn)展科學(xué)的一個(gè)重要手段（ 2）訓(xùn)練的政治功能訓(xùn)練能為社會的政治制度培育所需要的人才；訓(xùn)練可以促進(jìn)政治民主； 訓(xùn)練通過傳播思想， 形成輿論作用

15、于肯定社會的政治制度；訓(xùn)練是影響社會流淌的重要因素（ 3）訓(xùn)練的文化功能訓(xùn)練對社會文化的傳承作用； 訓(xùn)練對社會文化的挑選作用； 訓(xùn)練對社會文化的溝通作用；訓(xùn)練具有制造文化的作用（ 4）訓(xùn)練的人口功能：訓(xùn)練可以削減人口數(shù)量，掌握人口增長；訓(xùn)練可以改善人口素養(yǎng)， 提高人口質(zhì)量； 訓(xùn)練可以使人口結(jié)構(gòu)趨向合理化；訓(xùn)練有利于人口遷移12 人的進(jìn)展就是指受訓(xùn)練者個(gè)體的進(jìn)展；所謂的個(gè)體進(jìn)展，通常指的是個(gè)體從in 2021 county economic w orkshop s hang of spe ech comra de are: this county economi c work shop of m

16、ain ta sk is, full im plement impl ementation ce ntral, and provi nci al, and muni cipal economic work shop a nd province party main leaders semi nar spirit , recalle d summary results, a nalysi s judge situation, arrangements de ployment new a nnual focus w ork task, mobilization county upper a nd

17、l ower further gra sp new normal, impleme ntation new conce pt, temper new style, show ne w as, str uggled to a dvance county economic social tra nsformation upgra de science development. foll owi ng, told four a a spe cts of probl em: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upg

18、rade of confidence and determi nation 2021, face macr oeconomic dow n pressure conti nue d increase d of severe situati on a nd difficult heavy of reform development task, county upper a nd l ower tight at central and pr ovinces seri es major decision de ployme nt, firmly grasp stability in the seek

19、i ng into t otal tone , active adapted economi c devel opme nt new normal, focused focus fiel d, full work storming, county economic soci al devel opme nt rendering out contrarian t o good, a nd sta bility in t he ha s into, a nd more poi nts breakt hrough, a nd overall a good trend. one is closely

20、linked t o the transformation a nd upgradi ng of the global, compre hensive e conomic power significa ntly. a ccurately gauge the ma cro sit uation and based on real compre hensive pla n, strongly pr omote the sustai ned a nd healthy development of economy and society. proje ct support ca pacity i n

21、crea sed sig nifica ntly. a dhere t o the inside and out side simultane ously, buil d, impl ementation of nati onal a nd provincial inve stment of 625 milli on yuan, for state one or tw o, three , four or five specifi c bond f unds and local repla ceme nt bond funds of 554 milli on yuan, for the sta

22、rting year of key constructi on pr oje cts ha s laid a soli d foundati on. in particular the national circular e conomy demonstration countie s and .two state -level pi lot pr oject ofecol ogical demonstration county proje ct platforms settled i n jing chuan, z hu jia jia n constr ucti on of the res

23、erv oir bega n, ha ndi cap reservoir s, li u lihe re servoir preparat4i on w ork goe s well, take soli d steps for comprehensive utilizati on of water resource s; city gas station to speed up implementat ion of the pr oject, i be came the county's first we st-east gas pipeline proje ct in t he s

24、urrounding area benefit from the count y, major projects supporte d increase d sig nificantl y. overall well-off soci ety constantly consolidate 254the basi s. battle victory i ndustrial development as t he primary task of the well -off, fruit producti on suita ble for full coverage of the target wi

25、ll be realize d, vegetabl e industry development area exte ndi ng, farming aqua culture changes t he mome ntum of the show , "markets + enterpri se + base + farmers" as t hey gradua lly introduced mea sures significa ntly strengt hen standar dized ma nagement, i ndustry const antly consoli

26、 date the basis and enri chi ng. investment attraction results conti nue t o expand. adhere to t he soft envir onme nt of excellence a nd impr ove the e nvironme nt are equally誕生到成人期身心有規(guī)律的變化過程， 13 影響人的身心進(jìn)展的因素包括遺傳因素，環(huán)境因素和個(gè)體的主觀能動性各因素在人的身心進(jìn)展中的作用：遺傳因素：1 遺傳影響人的進(jìn)展 （1）遺傳因素為人的身心進(jìn)展供應(yīng)了可能性（2） 遺傳因素的成熟制約著身心進(jìn)展的過程

27、及其階段（ 3）遺傳因素的差異性對人的 身心進(jìn)展具有肯定的影響（ 4）遺傳因素具有可塑性2遺傳不打算人的進(jìn)展環(huán)境因素：環(huán)境因素影響人的進(jìn)展但不打算人的進(jìn)展個(gè)體的主觀能動性是促使個(gè)體從潛在的可能狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)實(shí)狀態(tài)的打算性因素14 學(xué)校訓(xùn)練在人身心進(jìn)展過程中其主導(dǎo)作用學(xué)校訓(xùn)練具有較強(qiáng)的目的性學(xué)校訓(xùn)練具有較強(qiáng)的系統(tǒng)性學(xué)校訓(xùn)練具有較強(qiáng)的挑選性學(xué)校訓(xùn)練具有較強(qiáng)的特地性學(xué)校訓(xùn)練具有較強(qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)性15 訓(xùn)練目的是社會對學(xué)校訓(xùn)練所要造就的社會成員的質(zhì)量的規(guī)定或所要達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的設(shè)想；它對個(gè)人，群體及家庭的訓(xùn)練目的起著指導(dǎo)，調(diào)劑，統(tǒng)攝作用；16 我國訓(xùn)練目的的基本精神：（ 1）培育社會主義事業(yè)的建設(shè)者和接班人，堅(jiān)持政

28、治思想，道德素養(yǎng)和科學(xué)文化學(xué)問相統(tǒng)一（ 2）要求同學(xué)德智體美全面進(jìn)展，堅(jiān)持體腦勞動兩方面進(jìn)展（ 3）要求同學(xué)個(gè)性，17 我國訓(xùn)練目的由德育，智育，美育，體育和勞動技術(shù)訓(xùn)練組成18 學(xué)校訓(xùn)練制度簡稱學(xué)制，是指一個(gè)國家各級各類學(xué)校的系統(tǒng)，它規(guī)定各級各類的學(xué)校的性質(zhì)，任務(wù)，入學(xué)條件，修業(yè)年限以及它們之間的關(guān)系19 現(xiàn)代學(xué)校訓(xùn)練制度類型包括雙規(guī)學(xué)制，單軌學(xué)制和分支型學(xué)制20 “學(xué)制”（奏定學(xué)堂章程），這是我國第一個(gè)以法律形式頒布并在全國范疇內(nèi)實(shí)際推行的學(xué)校訓(xùn)練制度“壬戌學(xué)制”（“六三三學(xué)制”）1992 年在親美的全國訓(xùn)練會聯(lián)合會組織下，以大總統(tǒng)的名義公布1995 年 3 月頒布了中華人民共和國訓(xùn)練法實(shí)

29、施義務(wù)訓(xùn)練的主要類型有五四制，六三制和九年一貫制21 老師的職業(yè)角色是指老師群體或個(gè)體在履行教書育人過程職責(zé)中的一整套行為模式和人們對老師的角色期望學(xué)問的傳授者；品德，個(gè)性的培育者；言行的示范者；訓(xùn)練教學(xué)活動的治理者； 同學(xué)的伴侶；不懈的學(xué)習(xí)者和討論者；老師的權(quán)益與義務(wù)； 22 老師的根本任務(wù)是教書育人；詳細(xì)： 搞好教學(xué)工作， 做好思想品德訓(xùn)練工作，關(guān)懷同學(xué)的身心健康23 老師勞動的特點(diǎn)：復(fù)雜性，制造性，示范性，長期性24 同學(xué)的權(quán)益：生存權(quán)，受訓(xùn)練權(quán)，受敬重權(quán)，安全權(quán)25 良好師生關(guān)系的建立：影響師生關(guān)系的主要因素：老師，同學(xué)，學(xué)校環(huán)境建立良好師生關(guān)系的基本策略：樹立正確的同學(xué)觀， 明白和討

30、論同學(xué)， 敬重和信任每一個(gè)人，努力提高自身的專業(yè)素養(yǎng)2in 2021 county economic w orkshop s hang of spe ech comra de are: this county economi c work shop of main ta sk is, full im plement impl ementation ce ntral, and provi nci al, and muni cipal economic work shop a nd province party main leaders semi nar spirit , recalle d su

31、m mary results, a nalysi s judge situation, arrangements de ployment new a nnual focus w ork task, mobilization county upper a nd l ower further gra sp new normal, impleme ntation new conce pt, temper new style, show ne w as, str uggled to a dvance county economic social tra nsformation upgra de sci

32、ence development. foll owi ng, told four a a spe cts of probl em: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determi nation 2021, face macr oeconomic dow n pressure conti nue d increase d of severe situati on a nd difficult heavy of reform development task

33、, county upper a nd l ower tight at central and pr ovinces seri es major decision de ployme nt, firmly grasp stability in the seeki ng into t otal tone , active adapted economi c devel opme nt new normal, focused focus fiel d, full work storming, county economic soci al devel opme nt rendering out c

34、ontrarian t o good, a nd sta bility in t he ha s into, a nd more poi nts breakt hrough, a nd overall a good trend. one is clos ely linked t o the transformation a nd upgradi ng of the global, compre hensive e conomic power significa ntly. a ccurately gauge the ma cro sit uation and based on real com

35、pre hensive pla n, strongly pr omote the sustai ned a nd healthy development of economy and society. proje ct support ca pacity i ncrea sed sig nifica ntly. a dhere t o the inside and out side simultane ously, buil d, impl ementation of nati onal a nd provincial inve stment of 625 milli on yuan, for

36、 state one or tw o, three , four or five specifi c bond f unds and local repla ceme nt bond funds of 554 milli on yuan, for the starting year of key constructi on pr oje cts ha s laid a soli d foundati on. in particular the national circular e conomy demonstration countie s and .two state -level pi

37、lot pr oject ofecol ogical demonstration county proje ct platforms settled i n jing chuan, z hu jia jia n constr ucti on of the reserv oir bega n, ha ndi cap reservoir s, li u lihe re servoir preparat4i on w ork goe s well, take soli d steps for comprehensive utilizati on of water resource s; city g

38、as station to speed up implementat ion of the pr oject, i be came the county's first we st-east gas pipeline proje ct in t he surrounding area benefit from the count y, major projects supporte d increase d sig nificantl y. overall well-off soci ety constantly consolidate 254the basi s. battle vi

39、ctory i ndustrial development as t he primary task of the well -off, fruit producti on suita ble for full coverage of the target will be realize d, vegetabl e industry development area exte ndi ng, farming aqua culture changes t he mome ntum of the show , "markets + enterpri se + base + farmers" as t hey gradua lly introduced mea sures significa ntly strengt hen standar dized ma nagement, i nd ustry constantly consoli date the basis and enri chi ng. investment attraction results conti nue t o expand. adhere to t he soft envir onme nt of excellence a nd impr ove the e nviron