完形填空方法與技巧講解

1、 Leading-inGuess the missing words in the song Im a New Soul.Brain stormingIm a New SoulIm a _ soul I came to this strange worldhoping I could learn a bit about how to give and_.But since I came herefelt the joy and the _finding myself making every possible _la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la. Im a _ soul in t

2、his very strange worldhoping I could learn a bit about what is true and _.But why all this hate try to communicatefinding trust and love is not always easy to make.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la. _New_newtakefearmistakeyoungfake Cloze test Methods & Skills命題特點命題特點1 1完形填空主要是在語篇語境中考查完形填空主要是在語篇語境中考查 知識。知識

3、。2 2完形填空的體裁多以完形填空的體裁多以 為主，偶為主，偶有議論文、夾敘夾議的文章或說明文。有議論文、夾敘夾議的文章或說明文。記敘文詞匯3 3要求選擇填空的詞常為實詞要求選擇填空的詞常為實詞（如（如名詞、動詞、形容詞名詞、動詞、形容詞 、副詞副詞等）著重詞義辨析能力的考查；代等）著重詞義辨析能力的考查；代詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞（包括從句詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞（包括從句的連接詞）考得較少。的連接詞）考得較少。4.4.首句不設(shè)空。首句不設(shè)空。5.5.邏輯鏈上挖空（原文中有線索詞邏輯鏈上挖空（原文中有線索詞提示）。提示）。6.6.選項設(shè)計：選項設(shè)計：同一詞類、同一語法同一詞類、同一語法形式。形式。

4、利用所學(xué)詞匯，根據(jù)文章大意辨析詞義，選出最佳選項，如： The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ his notes.A. bring up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on【思路點撥】【思路點撥】 B。此題考查短語動詞的區(qū)別，這。此題考查短語動詞的區(qū)別，這四個短語的基本意義為：四個短語的基本意義為：bring up“養(yǎng)育，提出，養(yǎng)育，提出，吐出吐出”， refer to“論及，談到，參考論及，談到，參考”，look for“尋找尋找”，

5、 try on“試穿試穿”，根據(jù)題義：，根據(jù)題義：“經(jīng)經(jīng)理在商務(wù)會議上講了一個小時沒看講稿理在商務(wù)會議上講了一個小時沒看講稿”。應(yīng)選應(yīng)選B。一、詞匯運用一、詞匯運用1、運用、運用“前置信息前置信息”與與“后置信息后置信息”,即即語境語境2、運用復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語、運用復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語3、運用、運用同同義詞義詞或近或近義詞義詞4、運用反義詞、運用反義詞 5、運用上下義詞、運用上下義詞運運7、運用生活常識及文化背景知識、運用生活常識及文化背景知識 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句。例如：的詞或句。例如： Stevenson, a Scots

6、man, had lived for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a holiday. A. alone B. next door C. at home D. abroad 1、運用、運用“前置信息前置信息”與與“后置信息后置信息”2、利用復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語、利用復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語 有時為了表達的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出現(xiàn)，可以借助這一信息選擇正確答案。 All of a sudden I started to feel rather _1_. She wondered why I was looking for this sortof_2_

7、 . I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience. 1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased 2. A. place B. job C. advice D. help 在英語中有時為了避免重復(fù)，常用意思相同或相近的詞或解釋性的語言來連接上下文。 I remember as a child I said something _ about somebody, and m

8、y father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, its a reflection of you.”A. unkind B. unnecessary C. unimportant D. unusual【思路點撥】【思路點撥】 A。近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，從后暗示。近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，從后暗示unpleasant得知答案。得知答案。3、利用同義詞或近義詞、利用同義詞或近義詞 語意的連貫有時通過對比的結(jié)構(gòu)采用反義復(fù)現(xiàn)的手段，或者是以反義的方式對前文加以解釋。應(yīng)注意分析這類概念復(fù)現(xiàn)，從反義的角度判斷正確的選項。 Some

9、 parts of the water are very shallow(淺的淺的). But in some places it is very . A. high B. deep C. cold D. dangerous4、利用、利用反義詞5、利用、利用上下義詞 上義詞是總稱詞，下義詞是被包含的個體。它們是包含與被包含的關(guān)系。如：food是bread, noodle, milk, rice的上義詞，反之bread, noodle, milk, rice是food的下義詞。 1. He taught her how to rely on her other _, specifically h

10、er hearing（NMET 2010 湖北卷） A. feeling B. organs C. skills D. senses 2. Idropped all the coins into “It proved to be a waste of _,” I thought A. words B. effort C. space D. money 如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的firstly, secondly, finally等；等； 如表示并列關(guān)系的如表示并列關(guān)系的and, or, besides, as well (as)等；等； 表示因果關(guān)系的表示因果關(guān)系的thus, there

11、fore, so等，等， 表示改變話題的表示改變話題的by the way； 表示遞進關(guān)系的表示遞進關(guān)系的besides, whats more, further 等，等， 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的however, but, while, on the other hand等等 等。等。 做題時如果能充分利用這些過渡詞匯，就可做題時如果能充分利用這些過渡詞匯，就可以迅速理清文章脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系。以迅速理清文章脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系。 【小試闖關(guān)】1. We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided t

12、o buy a car because we had sold the one we had in England before_home. A. leaving B. making C. returning D. getting【思路點撥】此題考查行文邏輯中的因果關(guān)系、時間先后順序。從第一句的arrived可知題2選A（leaving）。_7、運用生活常識及文化背景知識、運用生活常識及文化背景知識了解生活常識，確定相關(guān)知識了解生活常識，確定相關(guān)知識1.It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people w

13、ere moving quickly, heading towards their_. This was the beginning of another ordinary day in New York City.A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices 2. (Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_ hospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest 作者往往通過作者往往通過首句或首段首句或首段揭示文揭示文章的主旨大

14、意，體現(xiàn)文章的題材、章的主旨大意，體現(xiàn)文章的題材、體裁。體裁。 Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. According to Dr. JulieSpreadbury from Queensland University, Parents should not _1_ reading totheir children after they enter primaryschool.1.A. speed up B. keep up C. give up D. hold up 做完形填空時，除了依據(jù)所學(xué)語言知識和解題技

15、做完形填空時，除了依據(jù)所學(xué)語言知識和解題技巧外，還應(yīng)避免幾個誤區(qū)。巧外，還應(yīng)避免幾個誤區(qū)。 1、單純求快單純求快，忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、，忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，試圖用語言知識解決所有問題。搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，試圖用語言知識解決所有問題。2、時間安排不當時間安排不當，做完形填空的時間應(yīng)控制在，做完形填空的時間應(yīng)控制在15分分鐘左右。正確的做法是鐘左右。正確的做法是由易到難。由易到難。Task:Use the methods you have learned to analyse your homework. It has been argued by some

16、 that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的智力的) growth by 2 situation that are designed for the 3 children. There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted childr

17、en to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments D. classification2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average4. A. regula

18、r B. special C. small D. creative5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs Practice makes perfect ! NMET 2011 Guangdong Cloze Testarguedchildrenclassesintellectual_children_theseHowevergifted同詞（同源詞）暗示同一話題暗示同一話題（場景）暗示反義暗示反義暗示因果暗示 _ _ However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may cr

19、eate serious problems. I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying 8 on their teachers directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they beg

20、an to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program. 5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily9. A. directly B. clev

21、erly C. voluntarily D. quickly _反義暗示與 gifted 近義暗示gifted children_因果暗示反義暗示因果暗示Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning. However this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who a