版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
1、高中定語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解(一)定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)1定語(yǔ)從句:修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。2先行詞:被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。3關(guān)系詞:引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。 關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;關(guān)系副詞有when, where, why等。其中,當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),who, whom, whose, that; 先行詞是物時(shí),that, which, whose
2、160; 關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用:A、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;B、代替先行詞;C、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。例如: Harry Potter is the boy who has magic power. 該句中,who has magic power 是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞the boy, “who”是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,代替先行詞the boy,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。(二)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1who 指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。The boys who are
3、 playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物館的人必須
4、在明晨7點(diǎn)到大門(mén)口集合。2whom 指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ),??墒÷?。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 劉先生就是你們?cè)诠财?chē)上談?wù)摰哪莻€(gè)人。The girl ( whom ) the teacher oft
5、en praises is our monitor. 老師經(jīng)常表?yè)P(yáng)的那個(gè)女孩是我們的班長(zhǎng)。 注意:關(guān)系代詞whom 在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中??捎脀ho 來(lái)代替,也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old fr
6、iend.3Which 指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略。The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造計(jì)算機(jī)的那家公司離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 這是他昨天買(mǎi)的鋼筆。4That 指人時(shí),相
7、當(dāng)于who 或whom;指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于which。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年來(lái)參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)一百萬(wàn)。The person that /whom you
8、160;introduced to me is very kind. 你介紹給我的那個(gè)人很友好。Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封來(lái)自澳大利亞的信。5Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)。He has a friend
9、 whose father is a doctor. 他有一個(gè)爸爸當(dāng)醫(yī)生的朋友。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾經(jīng)住在那幢屋頂已經(jīng)倒塌了的房子里。注意:指物時(shí),常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替:The classroom whose door is broken
10、0;will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 6. 關(guān)系代詞總結(jié)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(that可省略)定語(yǔ)指人WhoThatWhom(優(yōu)先)WhoThatWhose(of whom)指物WhichThatWhichThatWhose(of which)指人和物ThatThatWhose(三)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代
11、詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾經(jīng)就讀過(guò)的學(xué)校很出名。Tomorrow Ill bring
12、;here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我將把你要的雜志帶來(lái)。.我工作的那家公司的經(jīng)理十分注意改善我們的工作條件。注意:若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)只可用whom,不可用who, that;關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)只可用which,不可用that。
13、關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正) 你剛才跟他談話的那個(gè)人是我的鄰居。The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.
14、0; (誤)(四)關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1 when 指時(shí)間,在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然記得我第一次來(lái)到這所學(xué)校的那一天。 &
15、#160; Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 你還記得在農(nóng)村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年嗎?2 where 指地點(diǎn),在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。Shanghai is the
16、160;city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已經(jīng)被拆掉了。3 why 指原因,在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。Please tell me the reason wh
17、y you missed the plane. 請(qǐng)告訴我你誤機(jī)的原因。The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. 他受懲罰的原因我們都不知道。 注意:關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示。如: Great cha
18、nges are taking place in the city where / in which they live. 他們生活的城市正發(fā)生巨大的變化。 The reason why / for which he refused the invi
19、tation is quite clear. 他為什么拒絕接受邀請(qǐng)的原因是十分明了的。 (五)限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句 形式上:不用逗號(hào)“,”意義上:是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ),如刪除,句子意思改變。譯法上:譯成先行詞的定語(yǔ):“的”關(guān)系詞的使用上:A作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略
20、60; B可用that C可用who 代替whom非限制性定語(yǔ)從句形式上:用逗號(hào)“,”與主句隔開(kāi)。意義上:只是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,如刪除,主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思,意思不變。譯法上:通常譯成主句的并列句。關(guān)系詞的使用上:A不可省略 B不用that C不可用who 代替whom I love my mother, who works in a bank. 為何必須要加逗號(hào)? The food wh
21、ich was not in the fridge all went wrong. The food, which was not in the fridge, all went wrong.翻譯1:沒(méi)放到冰箱里的食物都?jí)牧恕#ò凳颈淅锏氖澄锸峭旰玫模?2:食物都?jí)牧?,因?yàn)闆](méi)放到冰箱里。主干是食物壞了,非限定從句部分是原因狀語(yǔ),不屬于主干 例如:The drivers who know the traffic jam change their way. The drivers, who know the traffic jam, change their way. 翻譯1:知道前面有堵車(chē)的司
22、機(jī)都繞路了(暗示有些司機(jī)不懂,沒(méi)繞路) 2:這些司機(jī)全都繞路了,因?yàn)樗麄冎狼懊娑萝?chē)。(非限定性表示原因狀語(yǔ))限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況1當(dāng)先行詞是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代詞時(shí),或當(dāng)先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, mu
23、ch等代詞修飾時(shí)。如:Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? 李老師講的你都記下來(lái)了嗎?He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed. 他呆在圖書(shū)館查找所需的資料。2當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如:The
24、 first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在倫敦他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是大本鐘。3當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如:This is the best film that I have ever seen. 這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。4當(dāng)先行詞被the very, t
25、he only修飾時(shí)。如:This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 這正是我要買(mǎi)的詞典。After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 家里發(fā)生了火災(zāi)過(guò)后
26、,那輛舊車(chē)成了他的唯一擁有。5當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)。如:Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在門(mén)口的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身?6當(dāng)先行詞為人與動(dòng)物或人與物時(shí)。如:They talked about
27、 the persons and things that they remembered at school 他們談?wù)撝麄兯苡浧鸬脑谛r(shí)的人和事。Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.瞧瞧那個(gè)沿街走來(lái)的人和他的 毛驢。 (六)關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的
28、選擇 用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句主要看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用(即所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑?。試比較:A. I know a place where we can have a picnic. 我知道一個(gè)我們可以野炊的地方。 I know a place which / that i
29、s famous for its beautiful natural scenery. 我知道一個(gè)以自然景 色優(yōu)美而聞名的地方。B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. 我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我們一起 度假的日子。
30、60; I will never forget the days that / which we spent together. 我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我們一起度過(guò)的日子。C. This is the reason why he was fired.
31、60; 這就是他被解雇的原因。 This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting. 這就是他向我解
32、釋的他沒(méi)有參加會(huì)議的原因。 (七)定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別1定語(yǔ)從句修飾限定先行詞,它與先行詞是修飾關(guān)系;同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容,它與先行詞是同位關(guān)系。 The plane that has just taken off is for Paris. (定語(yǔ)從句) 剛剛起飛的那架飛機(jī)是開(kāi)往巴黎的。
33、0; The fact that he has already died is quite clear. (同位語(yǔ)從句) 他已經(jīng)去世了,這個(gè)事實(shí)很明了。2定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),關(guān)系詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)經(jīng)??墒÷浴M徽Z(yǔ)從句主要由連詞that 引導(dǎo),在從句中一般不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分; The news
34、60;that he told me is true. (定語(yǔ)從句) 他告訴我的消息是真的。 The news that he has just died is true. (同位語(yǔ)從句) 他剛剛?cè)ナ懒耍@個(gè)消息是真
35、的。 The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. (定語(yǔ)從句) 我們現(xiàn)在面臨的問(wèn)題是如何籌集這么多資金。 The problem&
36、#160;that we cant collect so much money is difficult to solve. (同位語(yǔ)從句) 我們?nèi)绾位I集這么多資金,這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難解決。 歷屆高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇題定語(yǔ)從句精選1. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.A.of whom
37、 B.whom C.of whose D.whose2. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.which C.this D.that3. In the dark street , there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom4. The weather turned out to be very good , _ was more than we could e
38、xpect.A.what B.which C.that D.it5. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A.which B.where C.that D.when6. Carol said the work would be done by October,_personally I doubt very much.A. it B.that C.when D.which7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy.Awho Bwhich Cthis Dwhat 8. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _ was very reasonable.A.which priceC.the price of whichC.its price D.the price of whose9. _ has already
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 經(jīng)營(yíng)股合同范例
- 電線電纜材料購(gòu)銷(xiāo)合同范例
- 政府種植施工合同范例
- 居住車(chē)庫(kù)租賃合同范例
- 校園購(gòu)買(mǎi)合同范例英文
- 倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)合同與倉(cāng)庫(kù)合同范例
- 2025電力工程的施工合同范本
- 承攬高空安裝合同范例
- 演出合作招標(biāo)合同范例
- 監(jiān)控施工勞務(wù)合同范例
- 青年應(yīng)有鴻鵠志當(dāng)騎駿馬踏平川課件高三上學(xué)期勵(lì)志主題班會(huì)
- 河北省唐山市2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期語(yǔ)文期末試卷
- oa系統(tǒng)合同范例
- 《文明禮儀概述培訓(xùn)》課件
- 新疆大學(xué)答辯模板課件模板
- 數(shù)值分析智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年
- (正式版)HGT 22820-2024 化工安全儀表系統(tǒng)工程設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范
- 跨文化溝通心理學(xué)智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年
- 《中華民族共同體概論》考試復(fù)習(xí)題庫(kù)(含答案)
- NB-T 47013.15-2021 承壓設(shè)備無(wú)損檢測(cè) 第15部分:相控陣超聲檢測(cè)
- 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的指令性目標(biāo)問(wèn)題解決型案例
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論