超權(quán)威的英美文學(xué)名詞解釋及作家寫作風(fēng)格及作品總結(jié)

1、選擇題（共io個(gè)，每個(gè)1分）二、名詞解釋（共5個(gè)，共30分）modernism: modernism is a cultural movement that generally includes the progressive art and architecture, design, literature, music, dance, painting and other visual arts which emerged in the beginning of the 20th century, particularly in the years following world war i

2、. it was a movement of artists and designers who rebelled against late 19th century academic and historicist tradition, and embraced the new economic, social and political aspects of the emerging modern world.the key elements of modernism in literature are experimentation, anti-realism, individualis

3、m and a stress on the cerebral eribrol rather than emotive aspects. the work of modernist writers is characterized by showing the disenchantment, dislocation, and alienation of men in the world, and by the emphasis on experimentation and formalism and objectivism which are, in most cases, a reaction

4、 to the modem age.enlightenment: the enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout western europe in the 18lh century. it was an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie ,bu：3wa:'zi: against feudalism. the enlighteners thought the chief means for bettering the society is enli

5、ghtenment or education for the people.transcendentalism: transcendentalism tnensen'dentlizom is a new england movement which flourished from about 1835 to 1860. it had its roots in romanticism and in post-kantian idealism by which coleridge was influenced. it had a considerable influence on amer

6、ican art and literature. basically religious, it emphasized the role and importance of the individual consciencekonjons, and the value of intuition in matters of moral guidance and inspiration.imagism: it's a poetic movement of england and the u.s. flourished from 1908 to 1917.the imagists used

7、precise, clearly presented images in their works. they also used common, every day speech and aimed for conciseness korfsaisnis, concrete imagery, and the creation of new rhythms. the leaders of this movement were ezra pound and amy lowell.puritanism: puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the p

8、uritans. the puritans were originally members of a division of the protestant church. they were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles.they wanted to purity their religious beliefs and practices.they virtues of thrift and hard work.they accepted the do

9、ctrine of predestination, original sin sin and total depravity di'prseviti, and limited atonement o'tounmont through a special infusion of grace form god.puritanism has a profound influence on american literature.realism:a nineteenth century european literary movement that sought to portray

10、poftrei familiar characters, situations, and settings in a realistic manner. this was done primarily by using an objective narrative point of view and through the buildup of accurate detail it is an action against romanticism, and it paves the way for modernism.romanticism:a movement that flourished

11、 in literature, philosophy, music, and art in western culture during most of the 19th century.romanticism rouaentosizom was a rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism.romantics frequently shared certain general characteristics: moral enthusiasm, faith in value of individualism and intuitive

12、perception, and a presumption that the natural world was a source of goodness and marts societies a source of corruption. romantic values were prominent in american politics, art, and philosophy until the civil wa匚lost generation: a term first used by stein to describe the post-world war i generatio

13、n of american writers: men and women haunted by a sense of betrayal and emptiness brought about by the destructiveness of the war. full of youthful idealism, these individuals sought the meaning of life, drank excessively, had love affairs and created some of the finest american literature to date.

14、the three best-known representatives of lost generation are f. scott fitzgerald, ernest hemingway and john dos passos.三、簡(jiǎn)答（共30分，共5個(gè)或6個(gè)題目）edgar allan poeedgar allan poe was an american author, poet, editor and literary critic.he is considered as the father of detective story and psychoanalytic ,saiko

15、u,aenol'itik criticism.his aesthetics i:sf0etiks, his call for "the rhythmical rridmikl creation of beauty1' have influenced french symbolists and the devotees of nart for arts sake.”the style of poe is unique. he tries to bring out the evil of humanity and show it to the world.he is wh

16、at you would call a dark romantics.his writing style is owing to his personal tragedy.the three major themes of edgar allan poe's short stories and poems are death, insanity, and horro匚his famous poems: the raven, annabel lee, to helen.mark twainmark twain is a great literary giant of america.he

17、 was acclaimed as nthe father of american literature/1 with works like the adventures of huckleberry finn and life on the mississippi twain shaped the worlds view of america and made a more extensive combination of american folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.twain

18、is also known as a local colorist who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions. with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular vocekjulo, twain has made colloquial khukwiol speech an accepted respectable medium in american literature. besides,

19、twain's humor and satire s&taio is remarkable, too.ernest hemingwayernest hemingway was an american writer and journalist.he was also known as one of the representatives of hthe lost generation.11typical of this "iceberg style is hemingway's style, which he had been trying hard to g

20、et. besides, hemingway develops the style of colloquialism kooukwiolizom initiated by mark twain. he deals with a limited range of characters in quite similar circumstances and measures them against an unvarying code, known as "grace under pressure.his main woks include the sun also rises,a far

21、ewell to arms, for whom the bell tolls, the old man and the sea.ezra poundezra pound was an american expatriate poet and critic and a major figure in the early modernist movement in poetry.he launched imagism which stressed clarity, precision, and economy of language.as a critic and editor, pound di

22、scovered and encouraged many experimental authorshis main woks include the cantos9keentdu . in a station of the metro and so on.henry jameshenry james was an american-born writer, regarded as one of the key figures of 19th-century literary realism. james is generally ranked as the greatest american

23、novelist of the second half of the 19th century.james is noted for his '"international theme11 which refers to the moral and psychological complications when the american innocenee encountered the european sophisticationjames is a master of character portrayal poftreiol and has extensively

24、used the hstream of consciousness1' method in his fictional writing. his style is over-elaborate, refined and genteel.his major works: the american,daisy miller,the portrait of a ladywalt whitmanwalt whitman was an american poet, essayist, journalist and humanisthe was a part of the transition b

25、etween transcendentalism .traensenentlizom and realism, incorporating both views in his works. in this giant work leaves of grass, openness, freedom, and above all, individualism are all that concerned him.whitman's poetical style is marked, first of all, by the use of the poetic "it beside

26、s.whitman was the first american to use free verse extensively.another characteristic in whitman language is his strong tendency to use oral english.r>w> emersonhe was an american essayist, philosopher, poet and leader of the transcendentalist movement in the early 19th century.emerson's p

27、oint of view1、the infinitude of man2 firmly believes in the transcendence traenendons of the oversoul3、regards nature as the purest and the most satisfying moral influence on man4、everyone should understand that he makes himself by making his world,and that he makes the world by making himself.emers

28、ons major literary works :nature,the amercian scholar, poetjane austenjane austen,an english novelist wrote numerous influential works contributing to the western literary .though living in the romantic period, austen is generally regarded as a realistic novelist.her theme are mostly about love and

29、marriage.her style can be described as simple, suggestive , humorous and with quiet irony.major works: pride and prejudice .sense and sensibility .mansfield park, emmaemily dickinson四、問答（共2個(gè)題目，共30分）william shakespeare1. shakespeare is one of the founders of realism in world literature. he maintains

30、that the purpose of dramatic performance is "to hold, as it were, the mirror up to nature. in his works, he paints the decline of the old feudal nobility and the vice of the new tudor rtju:do monarch. besides, his plays have good plots and life-like characters too. his drama is an expression, a

31、 monument of the english renaissanee since he wrote about his own people for his own time.2. shakespeare is amazingly prolific. within 22 years, he produced 37 plays, 154 sonnetsfsonit, and 2 long poems. no two of his play invoke the same feeling or image among the audience. he is a master-hand for

32、every form of drama-comedy, tragedy, and historical plays. he gives us a world of full-blooded people who live and struggle, suffer and rejoice, representing all the complexities and implications of real life.3. shakespeare was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet k八plit,

33、and the dramatic blank verse. and he is a great master of the english language. he used a vocabulary larger than any other english writers. many of his new coinage koinids and turns of expressions have become everyday usage in english life. shakespeare and the authorized version of the english bible

34、 are the two great treasures of the english language.william faulknerwilliam faulkner is an american novelist and poet whose works feature his native state of mississippi-he regarded as one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century. in 1950,he was awarded the nobel prize for literatur

35、e.besides,hefs considered part of the "southern renaissance：in his works, faulkner explains the present by examining the past, by telling the stories of several generations of family to show how history changes life. he was interested in the relationship between blacks and whites as well as the

36、 conflicts between generations, classes, man and environment. his works also focus on focused on deterioration di,horror, violence and the abnormal.faulkner wrote works of psychological drama and emotional depth, typically with long serpentine rso:ponti:n prose and high, meticulously-chosen meikjuhs

37、li diction, also using groundbreaking literary devices such as stream of consciousness, multiple narrations or points of view, and time-shifts within narrative.yoknapatawpha county is the setting for most of william faulkner? s novels and short stories, with which faulkner has managed successfully t

38、o show a panorama of the experience and consciousness of the whole southern society.major works:sound and the fury,as i lay dying,light in august, a rose for emilywhat factors help the modernism come into being?modernism rejects rationalism. modernism includes internal, subjective, and psychological world. the student's answer could cover darvins revolution theory, marxism and relativity theory