高中英語不同體裁文章的閱讀方法

1、讀書破萬卷下筆如有神高中英語不同體裁文章的閱讀方法面對高考，大多數(shù)學生對于閱讀理解感到束手無策甚至厭做。現(xiàn)就不同的體裁文章談?wù)剛€人的看法。一、說明文說明文用平實的語言客觀地解釋或探討各種問題，介紹自然科學、社會科學領(lǐng)域的最新成果，社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的新生事物等等。說明事物可采用多種方式，如舉例、分類法或類比、對比法，給事物下定義或分析事物產(chǎn)生的原因以及后果。舉例說明使用例子說明事物，闡明觀點；分解展開法著重于事物的區(qū)別、差異、分類展開法厠強調(diào)事物的相娰之處；類比說明事物如何相似，對比說明事物如何不同；因果說明文表明事物發(fā)生的原因及結(jié)果。除了用文字說明以外，說明文中常常使用數(shù)據(jù)，圖片等等資料。無

2、論采用什么說明方法，作者都是為了說明事物的本質(zhì)特征、清晰地展現(xiàn)所說明的事物。因此，閱讀說明文的關(guān)鍵是：抓住事物特點，即抓住說明對象的本質(zhì)特征。例 ：the odleststone buildingsin the world are the pyramids.they have stood fornearly5,000 years.thereare over eightyof them standingalong the banks of the nile,the most famousof these are the“step ” pyramid and the“bent ”pyramid.1

3、.what can we conclude from the first paragraph ?讀書破萬卷下筆如有神a. the pyramids are oldest buildings in the world.b. the pyramids will stand in egypt for ever.c. not all pyramids in egypt are ture.d. “step ” and“bent ” are ture pyramids.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段倒數(shù)第2 句可知有一些金字塔是假的，因此選 c二、議論文議論文是說理性的文章，一般議論文也就是說理性的文章，一般

4、由論點，論據(jù)和論證三部分組成。議論文都要提出論題、觀點，提供充分的證據(jù)，使用一定的邏輯方法證明觀點或得出結(jié)論。閱讀時我們要抓住論題，抓住觀點，例證及最后的結(jié)論。抓住了論題和觀點，我們就把握了中心，再結(jié)合諸多事例和理由之間以及它們和觀點、結(jié)論之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，我們就能理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，閱讀議論文的關(guān)鍵是：抓論題，抓觀點。例： it also added new factors to an debate. the debate now seems to focus less on whether humans are warming theplanet ,but instead on what

5、to do about it .in recent months,a lot of business groups have worked together to make urgentcalls for national rules of greenhouse gases 3. what can we learn form the passage ?a. people now focus more on the measures on dealing with climate change.讀書破萬卷下筆如有神b. people now focus more on the causes of

6、 global climatechange.c. business groups have made some rules about greenhousegases.d. the supreme court didnt pay attention to globalwarming.解析：推理判斷題。據(jù)本段可知人們現(xiàn)在更關(guān)注如何去應(yīng)對氣候變暖，而不是爭論人類活動是否在使氣候變暖，故選a三、應(yīng)用文應(yīng)用文不同于一般文章，它措辭簡潔明了，直截了當。它是一中使用范圍比較廣泛的文體，目的是為了向讀者傳輸信息。在閱讀這類文章時主要是注意細節(jié)信息，做題時根據(jù)所提問題用尋讀，跳讀的方法更有效。根據(jù)應(yīng)用文的措辭

7、和內(nèi)容特點，總結(jié)出該類題目的做題關(guān)鍵是：抓信息。例： are you looking for a part time job ?we require 3 parttime shop assistantsto work during the evening .no experienceis required .applicants should be between 18 and 26 .call366-76564 for more information.1. suppose you are a first-year stusdent who wants to earnsome moneyto

8、 pay your universityexpenses ,you may.a. call345-674132b. call 366-76564讀書破萬卷下筆如有神c. contact united business ltdd. contact cumberland university解析：細節(jié)理解題?？焖賹ふ矣嘘P(guān)信息可知： 第 2 則廣告中的“werequire3 part time shop assistantto work during the evening.no experience is required；applicants should be between 18and 26

9、. ” 可確定答案為 b四、記敘文記敘文講述的是發(fā)生在當前或過去或?qū)淼氖虑榈慕?jīng)過，包括人物的故事情節(jié)。文章內(nèi)容涉及交代何人、何時、何地、為什么、怎么樣、干了何事等等。這是我們在閱讀記敘文時要首先了解的，接著按照線索弄清事情的來龍去脈，就能理解整個故事。值得注意的是：記敘文的敘事順序有順序和倒敘兩種，有時作者為了吸引讀者會采用倒敘的方法，即不按照事情發(fā)生的先后順序來敘述，而是從最重要，最能引人入勝的事件開始，然后再回過頭來追述故事的開端和經(jīng)過。閱讀時要學會從事情不是本身的發(fā)展去理解故事情節(jié)，而不要只看事件在文中出現(xiàn)的先后位置。另外，講故事必定有其目的： 或證明某一理論， 或闡明某一概念，或贊美

10、某種美德，或譴責某種罪惡等等。我們在閱讀時要通過作者對重要細節(jié)的描寫，聯(lián)系故事情節(jié)去領(lǐng)會作者的意圖，對作者重墨潑就的細節(jié)描寫要重點關(guān)注?？傊?，讀記敘文的關(guān)鍵是抓情節(jié)。抓住了故事的情節(jié)，就能理清文章的脈絡(luò)，其它的就迎刃而解了。讀書破萬卷下筆如有神例 it was very tedious work ,but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons.becausethe plantationowners were always watching us, i had to be on time every dayand w

11、ork as hard as i could.i ve never been late for any jobsince .i also learned about being respectful and faithful to the people you work for . more important,i earned my pay ;itnever entered my mind to say i was sick justt want to work3. the writer learned thatform his first job.because ididna. he should work for those who he liked mostb. he should work longer than what he was expected c. he should never fail to say hello to his ownerd. he should be respectful and faithful to t