《【中考命題研究】（貴陽）2020中考英語 題型突破 題型四 閱讀理解（無答案）》

1、題型四閱讀理解,貴陽中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢(shì)年份考查點(diǎn)20202020202020202020a文體詩歌記敘文記敘文記敘文記敘文詞數(shù)約176詞約320詞約154詞約250詞約193詞話題通過即將畢業(yè)的我回顧過去的三年時(shí)間里我的學(xué)校生活或者經(jīng)歷，我與同學(xué)們的友情、進(jìn)步，抒發(fā)了對(duì)學(xué)校、老師們的留戀，對(duì)同學(xué)時(shí)光的美好記憶對(duì)于巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞的青少年男孩們來說，發(fā)型對(duì)他們的未來很重要青少年談話的話題最喜歡的音樂加里弗尼亞人吉姆靠打工掙錢回泰國看望家人和朋友，丟了錢包和銀行卡，又失而復(fù)得北美學(xué)生上學(xué)的交通方式b文體記敘文說明文說明文說明文記敘文詞數(shù)約241詞約323詞約291詞約289詞約290詞話題蘇珊的

2、父親為了供她上大學(xué)，賣掉了車，打兩份工的故事全球氣候變暖對(duì)北極熊的影響世界各地建筑物的樣式大氣污染的危害及應(yīng)對(duì)策略我想退學(xué)，父親以一種特殊方式拒絕了，我感觸很深，發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)，考上了大學(xué)c文體說明文應(yīng)用文、電子郵件記敘文記敘文記敘文詞數(shù)約275詞約280詞約277詞約280詞約300詞話題肢體語言是最有效的交流方式之一凱特本來想通過練瑜珈使自己更健康，但結(jié)果卻因?yàn)樯翔ょ煺n淋雨而得了重感冒盲人老園丁養(yǎng)花的四個(gè)理由護(hù)士是怎么來的南丁格爾的故事我和我的朋友查瑞斯的澳大利亞沙漠之旅閱讀理解a篇文體多為記敘文，2020年首次出現(xiàn)了詩歌，話題主要是關(guān)于人物經(jīng)歷及感受，跨文化介紹，勵(lì)志故事，青少年談話等。詞數(shù)是

3、220詞左右。形式可為短文、表格，2020年出現(xiàn)了敘事詩等?？疾榉绞缴隙酁?道細(xì)節(jié)理解題和1道主旨大意題，設(shè)題形式為探究型選擇為主。閱讀理解b篇主要為說明文或記敘文，話題主要為科學(xué)類說明文，也有勵(lì)志故事類記敘文，考查方式上多為34道推理判斷題，偶爾考查1道細(xì)節(jié)理解或詞義猜測(cè)題，設(shè)題形式也是挖空型選擇。閱讀理解c篇主要為記敘文，也可能是說明文或應(yīng)用文，話題多涉及幽默故事，咨詢建議，特殊人物類介紹，跨文化介紹等，詞數(shù)在270300詞，考查方式為句子還原，多為六個(gè)句子，其中有5個(gè)句子要還原在短文中。考點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)：貴陽市2020中考題型會(huì)在自己原有的基礎(chǔ)上穩(wěn)定中有小變化?？忌槍?duì)這一特點(diǎn)加大訓(xùn)練的題量，

4、但同時(shí)也對(duì)其他類型的題目有所練習(xí)?？碱}中直接讀細(xì)節(jié)就可選出答案的題目會(huì)有所減少，而理解文章，判斷文章大意的題目數(shù)量，也就是題目的難度會(huì)有所增加。還原型閱讀理解是近年貴陽市一直在用的一個(gè)新題型，它考查學(xué)生對(duì)故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序的理解能力和段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系的理解。,解題方法與技巧閱讀理解是考查學(xué)生能力的一種重要方式，主要考查考生對(duì)閱讀材料的理解能力、對(duì)材料中有效信息的捕捉能力等?？忌挥休^快地讀懂材料，抓住短文大意，獲取關(guān)鍵信息，才能對(duì)閱讀問題作出正確的判斷。要高效地做好閱讀理解題，必須分清類型、對(duì)癥下藥，還要運(yùn)用一定的解題技巧，才能將各類閱讀問題輕松搞定。一、閱讀原文，理解大意首先通

5、讀原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清文章脈絡(luò)。二、審讀題目，正確判斷讀懂短文內(nèi)容后再審讀題目，把握每個(gè)待判定問題的含義，通過尋讀法在原文中找出與每個(gè)問題相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞，然后尋找該關(guān)鍵詞在文章中所在的句子及段落，依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容對(duì)試題所給出的問題判斷得出正確答案。常見閱讀理解的考查方式有以下幾種形式：細(xì)節(jié)理解題；推理判斷題；詞義猜測(cè)題；主旨大意題；標(biāo)題歸納題；數(shù)字計(jì)算題。三、重讀原文，復(fù)核檢查完成各小題后必須將短文重讀一遍，加深對(duì)短文的理解，在此基礎(chǔ)上再對(duì)每一道題進(jìn)行復(fù)查，對(duì)有些似是而非的句子，一定要重新認(rèn)真識(shí)別。(2020貴陽中考)i rememberlooking back at th

6、ese past three yearsi remember many thingstrying to be on time for morning readingsrunning when the lunch bell ringsi remember the excitementof the school sports day each yearthe many long hours of trainingpride of overcoming feari remember starting day onethe shyest in my whole classnever speaking

7、to anyoneand thinking i would not passthen slowly i made some new friendsto remember foreverhelping each other with homeworkgetting better togetherpreparing for art festivalsand making a great big messhaving fun at new year's partieswishing everyone the bestwe have learned a different languageth

8、at is from a foreign landenglish brings many challengeswe work hard to understandand now it's time to graduatewe will leave our lovely schooli can't believe it's been three yearsi'm_trying_to_keep_my_coolbut it's difficult not to cryi'll miss the school trees and flowersand o

9、ur kind and caring teacherswonderful memories of ours()1.according to the poem，we can guess the writer is probably _ of the junior high school.aa coachba teacherca graduate()2.from one part of the poem，we know the writer used to be a _ person at school.ashy bgood ccute()3.the writer thinks english i

10、s a subject which is full of _.awords bchallenges cmeanings()4.the underlined sentence“i'm trying to keep my cool”means _ in chinese.a我一定讓自己很酷 b我保持清新的模樣 c我極力保持冷靜()5.in the poem，the writer mentioned several beautiful memories of _.athe school life bschool sports day cthe art festival【主旨大意】本文通過即將畢

11、業(yè)的我回顧過去三年時(shí)間里我的學(xué)校生活，成長經(jīng)歷，我與同學(xué)們的友誼，進(jìn)步，抒發(fā)了我對(duì)學(xué)校，老師們的留戀，對(duì)同學(xué)時(shí)光的美好記憶。1c【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：根據(jù)這首詩，我們能夠猜測(cè)作者可能是初級(jí)中學(xué)的_。a.一個(gè)教練；b.一名教師；c.一名畢業(yè)生，根據(jù)第七段第一句，and now it's time to graduate可知選c。2a【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：從這首詩的一個(gè)部分，我們知道作者過去常常在學(xué)校是一個(gè)_的人。a.害羞的；b.好的；c.聰明的，根據(jù)第三段the shyest in my whole class可知應(yīng)選a。3b【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：作者認(rèn)為英語是一

12、門充滿_的學(xué)科。a.詞匯；b.挑戰(zhàn)；c.意思含義，根據(jù)第六段english brings many challenges可知選b。4c【解析】句義猜測(cè)題，題干意為：畫線的句子“i'm trying to keep my cool”漢語意思是_。根據(jù)“try to do sth.努力做某事”可知選c。a.我一定讓自己很酷；b.我保持清新的模樣；c.我極力保持冷靜。5a【解析】主旨大意題，題干意為：在這首詩里，作者提及了_的幾個(gè)美好記憶。a.學(xué)校生活；b.學(xué)校體育節(jié)；c.藝術(shù)節(jié)，通讀全詩可知。本文主要講的是學(xué)校生活的話題，所以選a。,考點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)理解題方法突破：細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意同義不同句。利

13、用題目的關(guān)鍵詞，尋找文中對(duì)應(yīng)詞，在對(duì)應(yīng)詞周圍找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，對(duì)號(hào)入座。這類試題是針對(duì)文章中的細(xì)節(jié)而設(shè)計(jì)的，如文章中某一特定的細(xì)節(jié)，也可能涉及若干個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，或者針對(duì)文章的主要事實(shí)，或利用圖表、圖形來表示信息等。要求考生根據(jù)對(duì)短文的理解，直接選出正確的答案，一般在通讀文章后可直接找出答題依據(jù)，難度較小，屬淺層次理解題。考點(diǎn)：詞義猜測(cè)題方法突破：根據(jù)前后的比較對(duì)照關(guān)系，對(duì)它的定義(描述)、重述以及舉例等進(jìn)行猜測(cè)或者利用同位語、同義詞及構(gòu)詞法等進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。單詞的猜測(cè)能力是閱讀理解能力的主要組成部分，考查對(duì)文章關(guān)鍵詞語的理解。解答這類題目時(shí)需要一些猜詞技巧；通過上下文來猜測(cè)詞義；通過同義詞或反義

14、詞來猜測(cè)詞義；通過句法功能猜測(cè)詞義；根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等來猜測(cè)詞義；根據(jù)生活常識(shí)來猜測(cè)詞義等。對(duì)于這類題目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即將備選答案逐一帶入文中，哪一個(gè)能使句子的意思連貫、通順，且與上下文的內(nèi)容一致，哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)就是該題的答案?？键c(diǎn)：主旨大意題方法突破：從文中的首、尾句(段)尋找主題句或縱觀全文歸納總結(jié)出文中的主旨大意。做主旨大意題，要求在理解全文后歸納短文要點(diǎn)，概括中心思想。不少文章一開頭便展示出文中的主題。尤其是新聞報(bào)道之類的，第一段通常是故事的梗概，這一段往往表達(dá)了文中的中心含義。在文章的段落中往往由開頭的一句作為主題句來概括該段的中心意思。但在不少文章或段落中，中心思想貫穿在全

15、文中。此類題主要針對(duì)主題、中心思想、文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次(主題句或主題段)、作者的寫作目的等方面。要求考生在準(zhǔn)確理解全文后，歸納短文要點(diǎn)，概括中心思想，分析和歸納段落大意、重要情節(jié)、任務(wù)特征和環(huán)境特點(diǎn)等?？键c(diǎn)：標(biāo)題歸納題方法突破：標(biāo)題歸納題用以考查考生對(duì)文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會(huì)和理解能力。做此類題目時(shí)要注意：1.以原文為依據(jù)，不摻雜個(gè)人意見；2.不選對(duì)的，只選最適合本篇文章的；3.注意絕對(duì)化的詞語；4.答案要避免以點(diǎn)帶面，以偏概全；5.“傻瓜”原則，文章中沒有提到的就當(dāng)做不知道，不要妄自猜測(cè)，自作聰明。一切以文章內(nèi)容為準(zhǔn)?？键c(diǎn)：推理判斷題推理判斷題是閱讀理解題設(shè)題的另一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。解答此類題時(shí)，學(xué)生要根

16、據(jù)文中某些詞、句子或段落進(jìn)行推理或根據(jù)句子的語氣、作者的態(tài)度、文章的論調(diào)和傾向進(jìn)行推斷。讀整篇文章，理解作者意圖，你的想法未必是正確答案。,2020備考猜押a篇 話題1人物經(jīng)歷及感受passage 1(2020濱州中考)微笑的力量sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important gift.it was a smile.it was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school，and my old school was far away.as a result，no one knew who i

17、 was.i was very lonely，and afraid to speak to anyone.every time i heard the other students talking and laughing，i felt my heart break.i couldn't talk with anyone about my problems.then one day，when my classmates were talking happily with their friends，i was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual.

18、at that moment，a boy entered the classroom.i didn't know who he was.he passed by me and then turned back.he looked at me，with a smile.suddenly，i felt the touch of something bright and friendly.it made me feel happy and warm.that smile changed my life.i started to talk with other students and mad

19、e friends.day by day，i became closer to everyone in my class.the boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.one day i asked him why he had smiled，but he couldn't remember doing so!it doesn't matter because all the dark days have gone.i believe that the world is what you think it

20、is.if you think it is lonely，you might always be alone.so smile at the world and it will smile back.()1.when did the writer get the gift?aat the age of 16.bafter making friends with the boy.cin the first year at a middle school.()2.why was the smile an important gift?abecause the writer's old sc

21、hool was far away.bbecause the writer didn't know who the boy was.cbecause the writer felt lonely and had no friends and it made her feel happy and warm.()3.why didn't the writer talk to anyone in her new school about her problems?abecause she was always unhappy.bbecause she didn't know

22、anyone at the time.cbecause she was in the first year at the junior high school.()4.how did the smile change her life?ashe started to make friends.bshe became the best friend of the boy.cher parents didn't worry about her any more.()5.where does she now think her feeling of unhappiness came from

23、?afrom her old school.bfrom her parents.cfrom herself.passage 2(2020安徽中考)sometimes i really doubt whether there is love between my parents.every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling.one day，my mother was sewing a quilt(縫被子)i silently sat beside her.“mom，is there love between

24、you and dad？” i asked in a very low voice.with surprise in her eyes，she stopped her work for a while.then she said，“susan，look at this thread(線)it can hardly be seen，but it's really there.it makes the quilt strong.if life is a quilt，love should be a thread.love is inside.”i couldn't understa

25、nd her until the next spring.at that time，my father suddenly got sick seriously.my mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.after they were back，my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road every day.they were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest co

26、uple.after two months my father still couldn't walk by himself.“dad，how are you feeling now？” i asked him one day.“susan，don't worry about me.” he said.“i just like walking with your mom.i like this kind of life.” reading his eyes，i knew he loves my mother deeply.now i understand that love i

27、s just a thread in the quilt of our life.love is inside，making life strong and warm.()1.why are susan's parents busy trying to make money?ato send susan to school.bto go to see the doctor.cto buy a strong quilt.()2.susan's father stayed in hospital for _.aone daybone monthctwo months()3.susa

28、n came to understand her mother _.awhile her mother was sewing a quiltbbefore her father was in hospitalcafter her father was seriously sick()4.what can we know from the passage?asusan's father is very lazy.bsusan's mother is a nurse.csusan's parents love each other.()5.which of the foll

29、owing could be the best title for the passage?ahow to make a quilt strongblove is just a threadcwalking on the country roadpassage 3(2020孝感中考)once a small boy lived on a farm which seemed so far away from everywhere.he needed to get up before sunrise every morning to help his father on the farm.duri

30、ng sunrise he would take a break and climb up on the fence(籬笆) along the side of the farm.he could see a house with golden windows.“if they could afford golden windows，then there must be other nice things inside the house.” he imagined how great it would be to live there.then he promised himself，“so

31、me day i will go there and see this wonderful place.”one morning，his father would go to the town and told him to stay at home for a rest.knowing that this was his chance，he took a sandwich and headed across the field towards the house with the golden windows.as the afternoon went on，he began to real

32、ize how wrong he was.the house was much farther than he had expected.as he went near the house，he saw no golden windows but instead a place in bad need of painting.a small girl very close to his age came out of the poor house and stood by the broken fence.he asked her if she had seen the house with

33、the golden windows.the girl said，“sure，i know.” and invited him to sit on the porch(門廊)as he sat there，he looked back from where he just came.there he saw the sunset(夕陽) turned the windows of his house to gold! now he understood that everyone had his own house with golden windows.()1.during his brea

34、k every morning，the small boy would _.afix the fencebclimb up on the fenceceat sandwiches()2.one morning，when knowing he would stay alone，the boy thought it was a chance for him to _.ago to the townbgo to see the housecmake the golden windows()3.what did the boy find when he got there?anobody lived

35、in the poor house.bthe house was as old as he expected.cno golden windows were in the house.()4.the story tells us that people sometimes may have the thought _.alike father，like sonblove me，love my dogcthe grass is greener somewhere else()5.which is the best title for the passage?agolden windowsba w

36、onderful placecfather and son 話題2人物傳記passage 4(2020邯鄲三模)李云迪li yundi is a chinese classical pianist，born in chongqing on october 7，1982.he is most well known for being the youngest pianist to win the international frederic chopin piano competition，in 2000.he now lives in hong kong，china.his parents b

37、oth worked for the chongqing steel and iron company.although he comes from a family of non­musicians，yundi took to music early.when he was three years old，his parents bought him an accordion after he was so entranced(著迷的) by an accordion player in a shopping mall that he refused to leave.he mas

38、tered(精通) the accordion by the age of four，studying with tan jianmin，a music professor in china.just one year later，he won the top prize at the chongqing children's accordion competition.he began learning the piano at the age of seven.two years later，his teacher introduced him to dan zhaoyi，one

39、of china's most famous piano teachers，with whom he would study for nine years.li's aim was to become a famous pianist.in 1994，he entered the shenzhen arts school.he later studied at the hochschule for music，theater and medien hanover in hanover，germany.li yundi has received top awards in man

40、y competitions.in october 2000，he took part in the 14th international frederic chopin piano competition，and，at the age of 18，became the youngest winner and the first chinese musician in the competition's history.li was given the “polonaise award” by the chopin society for his performance in the

41、competition.()1.li yundi began learning the piano at the age of _.aninebsevencfour()2.from the article，we can learn that dan zhaoyi is a _.acommon workerbfamous violinistcfamous piano teacher()3.when did li yundi win the top prize at the chongqing children's accordion competition?ain 1986. bin 1

42、987. cin 1989.()4.which of the following is true?ali yundi's parents are both musicians.bli yundi's aim was not to become a famous pianist.cli yundi learned to play the accordion before the piano.()5.the passage is mainly about li yundi's _.ateacher btop awardscexperience 話題3文化習(xí)俗passage

43、5(2020恩施中考)中西節(jié)日來源于風(fēng)俗the mid­autumn festival is a very important chinese festival.it falls on the 15th day of lunar august.a few day before the festival，everyone in the family will help to make the house clean and beautiful.lantern will be hung in front of the house.on the evening there will be

44、a big family dinner.people who work far away from their home will try to come back for the reunion(團(tuán)聚)after dinner，people will light the lanterns which are usually red and round.children will play with their own toy lanterns happily.at night the moon is usually round and bright.people can enjoy the

45、moon while eating mooncakes which are the special food for this festival.father's day is celebrated on the third sunday of june both in the usa and the uk.ms.sonora smart dodd，a loving daughter from spokane，had the good idea that society must celebrate a day to honor the father，because he made a

46、n important contribution to the raising of children.people celebrate the festival by honoring their fathers and expressing love for them by giving popular gifts like cards，flowers，chocolates and ties.little children often give handmade gifts to their dad.()1.what will people do before the mid­a

47、utumn festival?alight the lanterns.bhave a big family dinner.cclean their houses and hang the lanterns.()2.what does the moon usually look like on the night of the mid­autumn festival?ared and round.bround and bright.cred and bright.()3.when is father's day in the usa?aon the third sunday o

48、f june.bon the second sunday of june.con the third saturday of june.()4.who came up with the idea of celebrating father's day?asome little children.ba father.cms.sonora smart dodd.()5.why did people set up father's day to honor the father?abecause he wanted to get together with his children.

49、bbecause he expressed great love for his children.cbecause he made contributions to the raising of children.passage 6(2020石家莊18縣聯(lián)考)第二語言the vieira family moved to the united states in 1981.at that time，they decided to stop speaking spanish at home and only communicate in english.this was because they

50、 were now living in an english­speaking country.now the vieira children are adults，and they sometimes travel to spain to visit their family and friends.but they can't communicate with them.unfortunately this is common.when people move to new countries，they often leave their own customs and

51、mother language behind.this is a mistake because there are many benefits to knowing more than one language.one advantage of speaking more than one language is that you can communicate with more people around the world.you don't have to depend on others to talk to you，so you are more independent.

52、people who know only one language must use others to help them communicate.furthermore，speaking the second language also allows people to experience other cultures and customs more effectively.local expressions，vocabulary，and even jokes can have a powerful effect on a person's understanding of o

53、ther cultures.so knowing more than one language increases your knowledge of other cultures.finally，having more multi­language_speakers improves relationships between countries.if people from different countries can communicate well，the world can become closers.countries will then have more resp

54、ect for each other and better understand each other's problems.the benefits of knowing more than one language are clear.in fact，there are no disadvantages.it is very sad that many people don't try to learn another language.it's even worse when people let themselves forget their mother la

55、nguage and become silenced.()1.what's the passage mainly about?athe benefits of learning other languages.bthe reasons why people come to america.cthe importance of learning english.()2.the passage begins with the experience of vieira family in order to _.adiscuss the need of teaching a new langu

56、agebintroduce the passage's main characters to the readerscshow the problem of speaking only one language()3.the underlined phrase “multi­language speakers” (paragraph5) means “people who know _.”atheir mother languageba new languagecmore than one language()4.according to the passage，if you

57、 can speak more than one language，you can _.afind a better jobbmake more friendsccommunicate more independently()5.based on the last paragraph，which of the following is the worst?anot knowing another language.bforgetting one's language.crefusing to learn another language. 話題4校園學(xué)習(xí)passage 7(2020唐山豐南模擬)note­taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your school work.it can make you confident when you are studying.but