(完整版)代詞專題(練習(xí)題含答案)

1、代詞專題每年中考對代詞的考查都占比較大的比重，通常集中在不定代詞，其變化的多樣性是考查的重點(diǎn)。一、 代詞的定義和分類 代詞是代替名詞，形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞，按其意義、特征及在句子中的作用可分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、 反身代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞、相互代詞、和關(guān)系代詞等。部分代詞如下表所示：單數(shù)人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞Imemyminemyselfyouyouyouryoursyourselfhehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselvesyouyou

2、youryoursyourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves二、 代詞的用法：1. 人稱代詞(1) 人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分，通常主格做主語，賓格做賓語。(2) 人稱代詞還可作表語，做表語時用賓格。如： Who 's knocking on the door? It 's me(做表語 ).(3) 人稱代詞在 than 之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時，用主格和賓格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is older than I (am).2. 物主代詞 表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞。物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名

3、詞性物主代詞兩類。其用法如下。( 1)形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中做定語。如：This is her pencil-box.(2) 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞， 在句子中可以做主語、 賓語和表語。 如： Our school is here, and theirs is there. John' s car doesn't work. You can use mine. Is this English book yours( 做表語 )？3. 指示代詞 指示代詞包括 this, that, these, those.(1) this 和 these一般用來指

4、在時間或空間上較近的人或事物， that和 those則指時間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或事物。如： This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time.(2) 有時 that 和 those 指前面講過的事物， this 和 these則指下面要講到的事物。如：I had a cold. That 's why I didn'tcome. I want to say this: reading is very important in

5、learning English.(3) 有時為了避免重復(fù)提到剛剛提到的名詞，可用that 或 those 替代。如： TV sets made in Beijing are just as good asthose made in Shanghai. Those who speak English can volunteer their time to teach poor kids.(4) this 在電話用語中代表自己， that 則代表對方。 Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack?4. 反身代詞 英語中反身代詞表示“某人自己”的代詞成為反身代詞。反身代詞可

6、以在句子中做賓語、表語、同位語。( 1)做賓語，表示動作的承受者就是動作的發(fā)出者。He called himself a writer.(2) 做表語 It doesn't matter. I'll be myself soon. The girl in the news is herself.(3) 做主語或賓語的同位語， 表示“親自”，“本人”。如： I myself washed the clothes. (I washed the clothes (by) myself.)(4) 用在固定短語中。如 by myself, enjoy oneself, help ones

7、elf to , dress oneself, lose oneself in, come to oneself.5. 疑問代詞 疑問代詞用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。 疑問代詞主要有 who, whom, whose, what, which 等。(1) who, what/ who 用于詢問別人的姓名， 身份或關(guān)系， what 用于詢問別人的職業(yè)。 如： Who is that man over there? What does your father do?=What is your father?(2) Who, which /who 選擇的對象沒有范圍限制， 回答可以指一人，也可以指幾個人。

8、Which 選擇的對象有范圍的 限制，回答通常確定為一個。如：Who will go with me? Which of you will go with me?(3) What, which/ What 選擇的范圍沒有限制，側(cè)重于種類，而 which 表示在一定范圍內(nèi)選擇，側(cè)重于哪一個。如：What do you usually have for breakfast? Which would you like to have for breakfast, dumplings or noodles?(4) whose, whom /whose 是 who 的所有格，通常做定語或表語。而 who

9、m 是 who 的賓格形式，通常用作賓語。如： whom are you waiting for?6. 不定代詞 不指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞在句子中可以做主語，表語，賓語，和定語。常見的不定 代詞有 some, any, every, all, one, other, another, many, much, both, either, little, few 以及由 some, any, no, every 加上 one,body,thing 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞。現(xiàn)將部分容易混淆的不定代詞的用法說明如下。(1) few，little ， a little ，a few

10、few 和 little 具有名詞和形容詞性質(zhì)，在句子中可以用作主語，賓語和定語等。Few 與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞聯(lián)用， little 與不可數(shù)名詞聯(lián)用。 Few 和 little 表示否定，指“沒有” ，在反義疑問句中尤其要注意。a few 和 a little 指有一些，相當(dāng)于 some。如： There is little time left, is there? I have a few good books.(2) many, muchmany 和 much 具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，在句子中可做主語，賓語和定語。many 用來代替或修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞， much 用來代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。ma

11、ny 做主語時， 動詞用復(fù)數(shù)； much 做主語時， 動詞用單數(shù)。 如： There are many students on the playground. Much has been done by him.many 可以放在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞比較級前。 如： many more students much 可以放在不可數(shù)名詞以及形容詞、 副詞的比較 級前。如： much more water, much healthier.(3) both, either, neither 這三個詞都只是用于兩者之間。both 是指“兩者都” ，動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，常用短語 both and如： Both Jim a

12、nd Tom are from New Zealand. either 指“(兩 個中的)任意一個” ，后面的謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Either of the plans is dangerous. Both of the plans are dangerous.either 常用在 either or結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞形式跟據(jù)就近原則由 or后面的名詞決定。 如： Either Lucy or Lily has the chance. Either 在否定句中還可以表示“也” 。如： I can't make cakes. He can 't, either.neither 表示(兩

13、者)都不，用法和 either 相同，常用在短語 neither nor中，動詞形式跟據(jù)就近原則由 nor 后面的 名詞決定。如： Neither my sister nor I am good at swimming.(4) other, another, the other, others, the others:1) other 作形容詞時，修飾單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如I will come again some other days. 我改日再來。2) another 用于泛指三者以上的不定數(shù)目中的 “另一個”，其所修飾的名詞前不加冠詞。 如 I don't want this on

14、e. Please give me another.我不想要這個，請給我另一個。3) the other 表示兩者中的 “另一個” 或兩部分中的 “另一部分” ，是特指。 如 There are six people in the room.Four are girls, the other two are boys. 房間里有六個人，四個是女孩，其余兩個是男孩。4) others 用作代詞，泛指“其他人”或“其他事物” 。如， Some are singing and dancing, some are drawing ,others are climbing the hill. 一些人在唱

15、歌，跳舞，一些人在畫畫，還有一些人在爬山。5) the others 指整體中除去一部分后， 剩余的全部。 如 There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls. The others are boys.我們班有五十五名學(xué)生，三十人是女生，其余的是男生。(5) each， every 兩者區(qū)別如下：EachEvery可單獨(dú)使用不可單獨(dú)使用可用作名詞、形容詞僅用作形容詞著重“個別” 。如： each student 每個學(xué)生著重“全體” 。如： every student 所有學(xué)生用于兩者或兩者以上的每一個人或事

16、物用于三者或三者以上的人或事物考點(diǎn)摘要：人稱代詞的特殊用法：1. it 作主語，表示天氣，時間，距離等。如：It often rains in my hometown in spring.It's about five o ' clock now.How far is it from here to your school?2. It 還可以用作形式主語或形式賓語。如： I think it easy to learn English.It is difficult to finish so much homework.選擇題：1 These are books. Yours

17、are over there.A I B my C me D mine1答案 B.析這里應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞2 is she? She is a teacher.A What B How C Who D Where2 答案 A.析這里的四個疑問詞放在問句中全都成立，但其意義不同。 What is she?應(yīng)譯為“她的工作是什么 ?”或“她是 做什么的 ?”而 How is she?應(yīng)譯為“她身體如何 ?”而 Who is she? 應(yīng)譯為“她是誰 ?”其答語應(yīng)為“她叫什么名字。 ” 而 Where is she? 應(yīng)為“她在什么地方 ?”由答語決定了這道題的選擇。3 is wrong with

18、 my watch. It has stopped .A Something, working B Something, to work C Any thing, workingD Anything, to work3 答案 A.析因?yàn)槭强隙ň渌詰?yīng)用 Something,其后由于表停止工作了，則 stop 后要用動名詞。4 Mary, help to the bananas, please.A you B your C yourself D yourselves4 答案 C.析 help oneself to something 為“自己拿某物” 。 yourself 為“你一個人” ，而

19、yourselves 為“你們”。5 do you go to school every day? By bus.A How B Why C When D Where5. 答案 A. 析這題的答案是由問句決定的。6 My skirt is popular than .Amuch, her B much, hersC more, her D more, hers6 答案 D.析因句中有 than,所以應(yīng)選用比較級，而 than 后要選用名詞性物主代詞。7 Can you speak English? Yes, but only .A few B a few C little D a little

20、7 答案 D.析因會講某種語言的多少要用a little,把它看作不可數(shù)名詞對待，此答語為：是的，但僅僅會講一點(diǎn)。8 Mr. Smith is an old friend of .A I B me C my D mine8 答案 D.析這里應(yīng)選名詞性物主代詞，這也是英語的一種習(xí)慣用法，而不要選擇 my。9 “ do you hear from your parents? ”“ About once a month. ”A How long B How manyC How often D How much9 答案 C.析 How often 問的是某一動作發(fā)生的頻率，即在單位時間內(nèi)發(fā)生多少次。1

21、0 Mr Green wouldn't say at the meeting.A everything B nothing C anything D something10 答案 C.析在否定句中應(yīng)用 anything11 “ Mum, Ann's coming tonight. Let's give her to eat.”“Good idea! ”A anything niceB nice anything C something nice D nice something11 答案 C.析肯定句中用 something 而不用 anything, 不定代詞的修飾詞

22、應(yīng)放其后而不要放在其前面。12 When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening? I don't mind. time is OK.A Some B Neither C Either D Both12 答案 C.neither.析因如選用 both 則名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞， 也要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞， 由于答語前有 I don't mind 則決定不能選擇 13 This is not her kite, but .A he's B him C he D his13 答案 D.析要注意“他的”名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代

23、詞是同形的。14 Don't worry, Mum! news is good news. I'm sure daddy will come back soon.A No B Many C Those D Two14 答案 A.析這是一條諺語，即沒有消息就是好消息。15 Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. She has apples than he.A few B many C more D fewer15 答案 C.析由于是比較級，根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選“多于”而不是“少于” 。16 There isn't in today

24、's newspaper.A anything interesting B something interesting C nothing interesting D interesting anything16 答案 A.析由于句子是否定句，應(yīng)選擇 anything ，而且不定代詞的修飾語應(yīng)放在其后面。17 September 10th is Day?A TeacherB TeachersC Teacher's D Teachers'17 答案 D.析教師節(jié) Teachers' Day,兒童節(jié) Children's Day, 婦女節(jié) Women'

25、;s Day18 In England, people eat a lot of “ takeaway” food. What about people in your country?A So we do. B We do so. C So do we. D We so do.18 答案 C.析在答語中用簡略方式表達(dá)上文的一個動作同樣適用于另一個主語時，則要采用倒裝句，但如果僅僅是對上句 的重復(fù)則不要倒裝。19 Shall we go into that shop and have a look? Sorry. I won't. I have to do there.A everyt

26、hingB anythingC something D nothing19 答案 D.析這個答案的選擇應(yīng)由上下兩句對話內(nèi)容作出決定。20 Oh, dear! Who broke the glass? Sam Bruce. It was the cat.A Both, andB Not, butC Neither, nor D Either, or20 答案 C.析 neither nor 意為既不也不21 The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. are climbing the

27、 hill.A Others B Other C Another D The other21答案 A.析這里因?yàn)槭谴鎻?fù)數(shù)名詞，所以應(yīng)用名詞性的復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。22 She is not a nurse. I'm not .A also B either C neither D too22 答案 B.析在否定句中該用 either,而不用 too 和 also.23 I have two pencils. One is red, is blue.A the other B anotherC others D the others23 答案 A.析兩者中的另一個應(yīng)為特指。而且應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式的代

28、名詞。而another是泛指單數(shù)代名詞。 others 是泛指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞，而 the others 是特指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。24. Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know about the subject.A littleB a littleC few D a few24 答案 A.析中文講我對此知道的不多，而英文中要用little 。其含意為否定句。25 My sister doesn't like skating. .A So do IB So I don'tC Neither I don't D Neither

29、do I25 答案 D.析這是表達(dá)上面否定句中的動作，也同樣不適合于第二個人。所以要用neither,并要采用倒裝句。26 Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room, .A you, he and IB I, you and he C he, I and youD you, I and he26 答案 A. 析這是若干人稱代詞并列時的順序問題。請參看辨析中的例子。27 All the students are busy, so of them will go to the concert.A many B littleC

30、a few D few27 答案 D.析 student 為可數(shù)名詞28 The teacher gave student a new book.A nobody B both C each D any28 答案 C.析 both 其后的名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，而 any 用于疑問句和否定句中只有 each 可以修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。29 Black is neither a teacher a worker.A or B either C nor D and29 答案 C.析 neither nor 為“既不也不”的固定搭配30 Our teacher gave us on studying.A many

31、 advices B some advices C an adviceD some advice30 答案 D.析 advice 為不可數(shù)名詞。 some 可用于可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞之前31 There are two foreign friends in the park. One is from Japan, is from America.A other B others C the otherD the others31 答案 C.析因?yàn)槭莾烧咧械囊粋€，所以另一個應(yīng)用單數(shù)特指代詞。32 Are there on the table?A some cupsB any cupC some cup D any cups32 答案 D. 析此句是疑問句，應(yīng)用 any cups, 因提問時的 be 動詞用的是 are。33 I've just bought five