MATLAB 計(jì)算器的設(shè)計(jì)

1、華東交通大學(xué)課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告課 程：MATLAB年 級：2014級 專 業(yè)：通信工程班 級：卓越班 學(xué) 號：20140610080117 姓 名：江其琪 指導(dǎo)教師：鄒丹 第1頁 目錄第1章 課程設(shè)計(jì)概要.11.1設(shè)計(jì)介紹.11.2 基本功能要求1第2章 設(shè)計(jì)思路與程序22.1 設(shè)計(jì)思路.22.2 設(shè)計(jì)功能模塊.3 第3章 運(yùn)行結(jié)果及分析93.1運(yùn)行結(jié)果.93.2結(jié)果分析.10第4章 心得體會(huì)14參考文獻(xiàn)12 附錄(源程序代碼）.12第1章 課程設(shè)計(jì)概要1.1設(shè)計(jì)介紹本課程設(shè)計(jì)是利用MATLAB的GUI用戶界面所設(shè)計(jì)的普通計(jì)算器。該計(jì)算器具有以下功能：1、具有友好的用戶圖形界面，實(shí)現(xiàn)十進(jìn)制數(shù)的加、減

2、、乘、除等簡單計(jì)算。2、實(shí)現(xiàn)部分科學(xué)計(jì)算函數(shù)功能，如求正弦、余弦、平方根等。3、能實(shí)現(xiàn)小數(shù)運(yùn)算。4、有清除鍵，能進(jìn)行清除操作。1.2基本功能要求利用matlab強(qiáng)大的數(shù)值計(jì)算功能，便捷的GUI設(shè)計(jì)功能，實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)圖形用戶界面的計(jì)算器程序。第 24 頁第2章 課題設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容與步驟2.1設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容該課程設(shè)計(jì)的計(jì)算器界面如圖所示利用MATLAB GUI設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)圖形用戶界面的計(jì)算器程序，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)：A. 具有友好的用戶圖形界面。實(shí)現(xiàn)十進(jìn)制數(shù)的加、減、乘、除、乘方、取模等簡單計(jì)算。B. 科學(xué)計(jì)算函數(shù)，包括(反)正弦、(反)余弦、(反)正切、(反)余切、開方、指數(shù)等函數(shù)運(yùn)行。C. 能夠保存上次歷史計(jì)算的答案，

3、先是答案存儲(chǔ)器中得內(nèi)容。D. 有清除鍵，能清除操作，并對不正確的表達(dá)式能指出其錯(cuò)誤原因。E.進(jìn)行二進(jìn)制數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)十進(jìn)制數(shù)及十進(jìn)制數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)二進(jìn)制數(shù)。F.直接退出。2.2設(shè)計(jì)步驟2.2.1打開GUI界面輸入Guide 回車或者在工具欄上點(diǎn)擊圖標(biāo)打開Guide 窗口：2.2.2添加按鈕2.2.3根據(jù)按鈕的作用及視覺效果做一定的修改雙擊按鈕（Puch Button）進(jìn)入按鍵屬性修改顯示字符串大小、字體和顏色，然后對按鈕的位置進(jìn)行排布，盡量使按鈕集中在靜態(tài)文本框下面。2.2.4保存、對按鈕添加算法各模塊算法如下：A.數(shù)字鍵設(shè)計(jì)：按鍵“0”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strca

4、t獲得字符'0',并用set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出 textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1)    set(handles.edit1,'String','0')  else textString=strcat(textString,'0'); set(handles.edit1,'String'

5、,textString) end其他數(shù)字按鍵同上.B.四則運(yùn)算函數(shù)：按鍵“+”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strcat獲得字符'+',并用set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出 textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); ss=char(textString);l=length(textString); if(ss(l)='+'|ss(l)='-'|ss(l)='*'|ss(l)='/'|ss(l)='.')

6、0;    textString=ss(1:l-1); end textString=strcat(textString,'+');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)按鍵“-”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strcat獲得字符'-',并用set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出 textString=get(handles.edit1,'String');ss=char(textString); l=length(text

7、String); if(ss(l)='+'|ss(l)='-'|ss(l)='*'|ss(l)='/'|ss(l)='.')     textString=ss(1:l-1);end textString=strcat(textString,'-'); set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)按鍵“*”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strcat獲得字符'*

8、',并用set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出 textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); ss=char(textString); l=length(textString); if(ss(l)='+'|ss(l)='-'|ss(l)='*'|ss(l)='/'|ss(l)='.')     textString=ss(1:l-1); end textString

9、=strcat(textString,'*'); set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)按鍵“/”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strcat獲得字符'/',并用set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出 textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); ss=char(textString); l=length(textString); if(ss(l)='+'|ss(l)='-'|ss(l)=&

10、#39;*'|ss(l)='/'|ss(l)='.')     textString=ss(1:l-1); end textString=strcat(textString,'/'); set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)按鍵“.”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strcat獲得字符'.',并用set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出 textString=get(handles.edit1,

11、'String'); ss=char(textString); l=length(textString); if(ss(l)='+'|ss(l)='-'|ss(l)='*'|ss(l)='/'|ss(l)='.')     textString=ss(1:l-1); end textString=strcat(textString,'.'); set(handles.edit

12、1,'String',textString)按鍵“+/-”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strcat獲得字符'+/-',并用set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出 if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1)    set(handles.edit1,'String','0')  else a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=0-a; set(handles.edit1,&#

13、39;String',a) end C.科學(xué)計(jì)算函數(shù)：按鍵“sin”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用sin函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=sin(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a)按鍵“cos”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用cos函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，

14、set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=cos(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a)按鍵“tan”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用tan函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); if(strcmp(textString,'1.

15、57')=1)|(strcmp(textString,'-1.57')=1)    set(handles.edit1,'String','inf'); else a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=tan(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a) end按鍵“cot” ：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用cot函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，s

16、et函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); if(strcmp(textString,'3.14')=1)|(strcmp(textString,'0')=1)|(strcmp(textString,'-3.14')=1)；    set(handles.edit1,'String','inf'); else a=strread(textString,'%f'

17、);a=cot(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a) end按鍵“arcsin”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用arcsin函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=arcsin(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a)按鍵“arccos”：通過get函數(shù)獲得

18、輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用arccos函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); a=strread(textString,'%f');a=arccos(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a)按鍵“arctan”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用arctan函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String&

19、#39;); a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=arctan(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a)按鍵“arccot”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用arccot函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); a=strread(textString,'%f');a=arccot(a); set(handles.edit1,

20、'String',a)按鍵“l(fā)og2”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用log2函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1)    set(handles.edit1,'String','error') else a=strread(textString,'%f');a=

21、log2(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a) end按鍵“l(fā)og10”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用log10函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1)    set(handles.edit1,'String','error')  else

22、 a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=sin(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a) end按鍵“x2”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用語句a=a*a計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); a=strread(textString,'%f'); a=a*a; set(handles.edit1,'

23、String',a)按鍵“sqrt”：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，函數(shù)strread獲得輸入字符,并用sqrt函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯示輸出textString=get(handles.edit1,'String'); if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1)    set(handles.edit1,'String','0')  else a=strread(textString,'%f'); 

24、;a=sqrt(a); set(handles.edit1,'String',a) endD.”DEL”鍵：通過取屏幕值，計(jì)算出其字符長度，然后取其前N-1項(xiàng)的值來實(shí)現(xiàn)退格： textString=get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1)&(jj=0)    set(handles.edit1,'String','0')  else ss

25、=char(textString);     l=length(textString);     textString=ss(1:l-1); set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)E.清屏“C”鍵函數(shù)：將所有的字符置為'0' set(handles.edit1,'String','0')F.“=”的實(shí)現(xiàn)：通過get函數(shù)獲得輸入的字符，并用eval函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果，set函數(shù)進(jìn)行顯

26、示輸出 a=get(handles.edit1,'string') b=eval(a) set(handles.edit1,'string',num2str(b)第3章 運(yùn)行結(jié)果及分析3.1運(yùn)行結(jié)果A.  數(shù)字鍵：B.四則運(yùn)算函數(shù):C. 科學(xué)計(jì)算函數(shù)：Sin1的計(jì)算結(jié)果= 3.2結(jié)果分析計(jì)算（1+9）/5計(jì)算結(jié)果=2arcsin1的計(jì)算結(jié)果log2的報(bào)錯(cuò)：通過輸入的數(shù)據(jù)與0字符比較，若兩者相等，則顯示“error”進(jìn)行報(bào)錯(cuò)，結(jié)果如下：經(jīng)過計(jì)算，這些結(jié)果均與實(shí)際結(jié)果相吻合，計(jì)算器的功能實(shí)現(xiàn)的較為完好。第4

27、章 心得體會(huì)本次課程設(shè)計(jì)用MATLAB的GUI接口設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)簡單的計(jì)算器，主要對數(shù)字及運(yùn)算“0-9、+、-、×、÷、.、= 、x2 、sqrt、sin、arcsin、log2”等的代碼程序的了解，在設(shè)計(jì)的過程中也遇到不少的問題，通過和同學(xué)的討論，和老師的交流，讓我知道了自己的錯(cuò)誤和不足，最終順利地解決了這些問題。這次課程設(shè)計(jì)，使我進(jìn)一步加深了對課本知識(shí)的了解和掌握，鞏固了所學(xué)的基本知識(shí)，更加體會(huì)到了MATLAB功能的豐富，更加深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)了MATLAB，熟練了編程設(shè)計(jì)。 其中對計(jì)算器按鍵的顏色、大小和排版，使我的思維更加的縝密，讓我在以后的工作生活

28、中，得到了思維的鍛煉。在以后學(xué)習(xí)中，我會(huì)更加刻苦，以鍛煉自己的能力。參考文獻(xiàn)【1】劉衛(wèi)國.MATLAB程序設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用M.北京：高等教育出版 【2】鄭阿奇.MATLAB實(shí)用教程M.北京：電子工業(yè)出版社 【3】羅華飛.MATLAB GUI設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)習(xí)手記M.北京：北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社  【4】張威.MATLAB基礎(chǔ)與編程入門M.西安：西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社 【5】孫屹.MATLAB通信仿真開發(fā)手冊M.北京：國防工業(yè)出版社附錄function varargout = untitled1(varargin)% UNTITLED1 MATLAB

29、code for untitled1.fig% UNTITLED1, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED1 or raises the existing% singleton*.% H = UNTITLED1 returns the handle to a new UNTITLED1 or the handle to% the existing singleton*.% UNTITLED1('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,.) calls the local% function named CALLBAC

30、K in UNTITLED1.M with the given input arguments.% UNTITLED1('Property','Value',.) creates a new UNTITLED1 or raises the% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are% applied to the GUI before untitled1_OpeningFcn gets called. An% unrecognized property name o

31、r invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs are passed to untitled1_OpeningFcn via varargin.% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% instance to run (singleton)".% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES % Edit the above text to modify the re

32、sponse to help untitled1 % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 28-Dec-2015 15:21:34 % Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, . 'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, . 'gui_OpeningFcn', untitled1_OpeningFcn, . 'gui_OutputFcn

33、9;, untitled1_OutputFcn, . 'gui_LayoutFcn', , . 'gui_Callback', );if nargin && ischar(varargin1) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1);end if nargout varargout1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);end% End initialization c

34、ode - DO NOT EDIT % - Executes just before untitled1 is made visible.function untitled1_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure w

35、ith handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to untitled1 (see VARARGIN) % Choose default command line output for untitled1handles.output = hObject; % Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles); % UIWAIT makes untitled1 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait

36、(handles.figure1); % - Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = untitled1_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version

37、 of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout1 = handles.output; function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version

38、 of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as a double % - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function ed

39、it1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMP

40、UTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to

41、 pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','1') ;elsetextString =

42、strcat(textString,'1');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton3.function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles

43、structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','2') ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,'2');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on but

44、ton press in pushbutton4.function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');

45、if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','3') ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,'3');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton5.function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle

46、 to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','4') ;elsetextStrin

47、g =strcat(textString,'4');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton6.function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handl

48、es structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','5') ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,'5');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on

49、button press in pushbutton7.function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String'

50、;);if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','6') ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,'6');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton8.function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject han

51、dle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','7') ;elsetextSt

52、ring =strcat(textString,'7');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton9.function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% ha

53、ndles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','8') ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,'8');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes

54、on button press in pushbutton10.function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'Stri

55、ng');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','9') ;elsetextString =strcat(textString,'9');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end % - Executes on button press in pushbutton11.function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hO

56、bject handle to pushbutton11 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','0') ;

57、elsetextString =strcat(textString,'0');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton12.function pushbutton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton12 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version

58、of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');ss=char(textString);l=length(textString);if(ss(l)='+'|ss(l)='-'|ss(l)='*'|ss(l)='/'|ss(l)='.') textString=ss(1:l-1);endtextString =strcat(text

59、String,'.');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)% - Executes on button press in pushbutton13.function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure w

60、ith handles and user data (see GUIDATA)if(strcmp(textString,'0')=1) set(handles.edit1,'String','0') ;elsea = strread(textString, '%f');a=0-a;set(handles.edit1,'String',a)end% - Executes on button press in pushbutton14.function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, ev

61、entdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');ss=char(textString);l=length(textString);if(ss(l)='+'|ss(

62、l)='-'|ss(l)='*'|ss(l)='/'|ss(l)='.') textString=ss(1:l-1);endtextString =strcat(textString,'+');set(handles.edit1,'String',textString)% - Executes on button press in pushbutton15.function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)%