汽車英文專業(yè)詞匯

1、汽車專業(yè)英語詞匯汽車automobile 拖拉機(jī) tractor 鐵路機(jī)車locomotive 有軌電車tram 無軌電車trolley 軍用車輛 military vehicle 蒸汽機(jī)steam engine 煤氣機(jī)gas engine 汽油機(jī)gasoline engine 國民經(jīng)濟(jì)national economy 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down 半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down 改革開放 reform and opening 技術(shù)引進(jìn)technical impo

2、rt 國產(chǎn)化 localization 支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)pillar estate 轎車car 客車 bus, coach 貨車truck, lorry 公路用車road vehicle 非公路用車off-road vehicle 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) engine 機(jī)體engine body 曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu) crank-connecting rod mechanism 配氣機(jī)構(gòu)valve timing mechanism 供給系fuel supply system 冷卻系cooling system 潤滑系lubricating system 點(diǎn)火系ignition system 起動(dòng)系starting syste

3、m 底盤chassis 傳動(dòng)系power train 離合器clutch 變速器gear box 傳動(dòng)軸propeller shaft 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋drive axle 行駛系running gear 車架frame 懸架 suspension 前軸 front axle 橋殼 axle housing 車輪 wheel 轉(zhuǎn)向系 steering system 轉(zhuǎn)向盤 steering wheel 轉(zhuǎn)向器 steering gear 轉(zhuǎn)向傳動(dòng)裝置steering linkage 助力裝置power assisting device 制動(dòng)系braking system 控制裝置 control dev

4、ice 供能裝置 power supply device 傳動(dòng)裝置 transfer device 制動(dòng)器 brake 車身body 車前板制件 front end panels 車身殼體 body shell 車門 door 車窗 window 附屬裝置 auxiliary device 貨箱 carrying platform 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)前置后輪驅(qū)動(dòng) (FR) front engine rear drive 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)前置前輪驅(qū)動(dòng)(FF) front engine front drive 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)后置后輪驅(qū)動(dòng)(RR) rear engine rear drive 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中置后輪驅(qū)動(dòng) (MR) mid

5、ship engine rear drive 全輪驅(qū)動(dòng) (AWD) all wheel drive 驅(qū)動(dòng)力 tractive force 阻力 resistance 滾動(dòng)阻力 rolling resistance 空氣阻力 air resistance, drag 上坡阻力 gradient resistance 附著作用 adhesion 附著力 adhesive force 附著系數(shù) coefficient of adhesion 第一章 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作原理 二沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)two stroke engine 四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)four stroke engine 水冷發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)water cooled e

6、ngine 風(fēng)冷發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)air cooled engine 上止點(diǎn)(UDP) upper dead point 下止點(diǎn)(LDP) lower dead point 活塞行程stroke 汽缸直徑bore 工作容積working volume 排量swept volume, displacement 進(jìn)氣行程intake stroke 壓縮行程compression stroke 壓縮比compression ratio 做功行程working stroke 爆燃，敲缸 detonation, knock 排氣行程 exhaust stroke 示功圖indicating diagram 汽缸體

7、cylinder block 汽缸蓋cylinder head 油底殼oil sump 活塞piston 連桿connecting rod 曲軸crankshaft 飛輪flywheel 進(jìn)氣門intake valve 排氣門exhaust valve 挺柱tappet 推桿push rod 搖臂rocker 凸輪軸camshaft 正時(shí)齒輪timing gear 燃油箱fuel tank 燃油泵fuel pump 汽油濾清器gasoline filter 化油器carburetor 空氣濾清器air cleaner 進(jìn)氣管 intake manifold 排氣管 exhaust manifo

8、ld 火花塞 spark plug 點(diǎn)火線圈 ignition coil 斷電器 breaker 蓄電池 storage battery 發(fā)電機(jī)generator 水泵 water pump 散熱器radiator 風(fēng)扇fan 放水閥 drain valve 水套 water jacket 分水管 distributive pipe 機(jī)油泵 oil pump 集濾器 suction filter 限壓閥 relief valve 潤滑油道 oil passage 機(jī)油濾清器 oil filter 機(jī)油冷卻器oil cooler 起動(dòng)機(jī) starting motor 有效功率 effective

9、 power 有效轉(zhuǎn)矩 effective torque 燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速特性 engine speed characteristic 節(jié)氣門開度 throttle percentage 部分特性 partial characteristic 外特性 outer characteristic 第二章 曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)支承 engine mounting 活塞頂 piston top 活塞頭部 piston head 活塞裙 piston skirt 開槽 slot

10、活塞環(huán) piston ring 氣環(huán) compression ring 油環(huán) oil ring 環(huán)槽 groove 活塞銷 piston pin 主軸承 main bearing 主軸承蓋 main bearing cap 主軸瓦 main shell 連桿軸承 big end bearing 連桿蓋 big end cap 起動(dòng)爪 cranking claw 帶輪 pulley 平衡重 counter weight 發(fā)火順序 firing order 扭振減振器 torsional vibration damper 第三章 配氣機(jī)構(gòu)頂置氣門 (OHV) Over Head Valve 頂置凸

11、輪軸 (OHC) Over Head Camshaft 單頂置凸輪軸 (SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 雙頂置凸輪軸 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) multi-valve engine 氣門間隙 valve clearance 配氣相位 timing phase 氣門桿 valve stem 氣門座 valve seat 氣門導(dǎo)管 valve guide 氣門彈簧 valve spring 第四章 汽油機(jī)供給系可燃混合氣 combustion mixture 消聲器 silencer, muffler 汽油 gaso

12、line, petrol 分餾 distil 蒸發(fā)性 evaporating property 熱值 heat value 抗爆性anti-knock property 辛烷值 (RON) Research Octane Number 過量空氣系數(shù) coefficient of excessive air 理論混合氣 theoretical mixture 稀混合氣 thin mixture 濃混合氣 thick mixture 主供油系統(tǒng) main supply system 怠速系統(tǒng) idle system 加濃系統(tǒng) thickening system 加速系統(tǒng) accelerating

13、system 浮子 float 浮子室 float chamber 針閥 needle valve 量孔metering jet 阻風(fēng)門 choke 濾芯 filter cartridge 沉淀杯sediment cup 泵膜 pump diaphragm 油浴式 oil bath type 石棉墊 a*estos pad 預(yù)熱pre-heating 汽油直接噴射 gasoline direct injection 電控 electronic control 多點(diǎn)噴射muti-point injection 單點(diǎn)噴射 single point injection 電路控制circuit con

14、trol 分電器信號(hào) distributor signal 空氣流量信號(hào)airflow signal 冷卻水溫信號(hào) water temperature signal 第五章 柴油機(jī)供給系 輸油泵 transfer pump 噴油泵 fuel injection pump 高壓油管 high pressure fuel pipe 發(fā)火性 ignition property 黏度viscosity 凝點(diǎn) condensing point 備燃期 pri-combustion period 速燃期 rapid combustion period 緩燃期 slow combustion period

15、統(tǒng)一燃燒室 united chamber 球形燃燒室ball shape chamber 渦流室 turbulence chamber 預(yù)燃室pri-combustion chamber 噴油器 injector 精密偶件 precise couple 柱塞plunger 出油閥delivery valve 調(diào)速器governor 兩速調(diào)速器two speed governor 全速調(diào)速器full speed governor 定速調(diào)速器fixed speed governor 綜合調(diào)速器combined governor 氣動(dòng)調(diào)速器pneumatic governor 機(jī)械離心式調(diào)速器mec

16、hanical centrifugal governor 復(fù)合式調(diào)速器complex governor 噴油提前角調(diào)節(jié)裝置advancer 飛塊flyweight 聯(lián)軸節(jié)coupling 粗濾清器primary filter 細(xì)濾清器secondary filter 渦輪增壓器turbocharger 中間冷卻器intermediate cooler 第七章 冷卻系節(jié)溫器 thermostat 防凍液 anti-freezing liquid 補(bǔ)償水桶 compensation reservoir V-帶 V belt 百葉窗 shutter 大循環(huán) big circulation 小循環(huán) s

17、mall circulation 散熱翅片 fins 第八章 潤滑系 潤滑劑 lubricant 壓力潤滑 pressure lubrication 飛濺潤滑splash lubrication 潤滑脂grease 機(jī)油壓力傳感器 oil pressure sensor 油封 oil seal 旁通閥 bypass valve 機(jī)油散熱器 oil cooler 機(jī)油尺 dip stick 加機(jī)油口oil filler 曲軸箱通風(fēng) crankcase ventilation 第九章 點(diǎn)火系一次繞組primary winding 二次繞組 secondary winding 熱敏電阻heat se

18、nsitive resistance 點(diǎn)火提前ignition advance 分電器distributor 活動(dòng)觸點(diǎn)moving contact 固定觸點(diǎn)fixed contact 分火頭distributor rotor arm 電容器condenser 點(diǎn)火提前裝置ignition advancer 離心式點(diǎn)火提前裝置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式點(diǎn)火提前裝置vacuum ignition advancer 辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier 中心電極central electrode 側(cè)電極side electrode 瓷絕緣

19、體ceramic insulator 跳火間隙spark gap 半導(dǎo)體點(diǎn)火系semi-conductor ignition system 晶體管 transistor 二極管diode 三極管triode 無觸點(diǎn)點(diǎn)火系non-contact ignition system 霍爾效應(yīng) Hall effect 正極板 anode 負(fù)極板cathode 隔板separator 電解液electrolyte 蓄電池格battery cell 接線柱 terminal 電纜cable 硅整流交流發(fā)電機(jī)silicon rectified A.C. motor 轉(zhuǎn)子 rotor 定子stator 電刷 b

20、rush 風(fēng)扇葉輪 fan blade 電壓調(diào)節(jié)器voltage regulator 第十章 起動(dòng)系手搖起動(dòng)cranking 電熱塞 electric heater plug 串激直流發(fā)電機(jī) serial wound D.C. motor 起動(dòng)齒圈starter ring 電磁操縱機(jī)構(gòu)electro-magnetic control 第十一章 新型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)三角活塞triangular piston 轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) rotary engine 自轉(zhuǎn) rotary motion, rotation 公轉(zhuǎn) orbit motion 軌跡 trajectory 齒輪 gear 齒圈 ring gear 往復(fù)

21、零件 reciprocal parts 動(dòng)平衡dynamic balance 燃?xì)鉁u輪發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) gas turbine 第十二章 汽車傳動(dòng)系機(jī)械式傳動(dòng)系 mechanical transmission 液力機(jī)械式傳動(dòng)系 hydro-mechanical transmission 靜液式傳動(dòng)系 static-hydraulic transmission 電力式傳動(dòng)系electrical transmission 自動(dòng)式傳動(dòng)系automatic transmission 減速 reduction 可變速比variable ratios 有級(jí)變速definite ratios 無級(jí)變速indefini

22、te ratios 無級(jí)變速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置general layout 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)橫置 lateral engine positioning 分動(dòng)器 transfer case, transfer box 第十三章 離合器接合柔和 smooth engagement 分離徹底 thorough separation 過載 overload摩擦表面 friction surface 摩擦襯片 friction liner 轂 hub 主動(dòng)部分 driving part 從動(dòng)部分 driven part 花鍵 spline

23、壓盤 pressure plate 離合器蓋 cover plate 分離杠桿 release lever 分離套筒 release sleeve 分離軸承 release bearing 主缸 master cylinder 工作缸 working cylinder 分離叉 release fork 間隙調(diào)整 clearance adjustment 打滑 slip 踏板 pedal 踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke 踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke 鉚釘，鉚接 rivet 雙片離合器 dual disc clutch 中央彈簧離合器central sp

24、ring clutch 膜片彈簧離合器 diaphragm spring clutch 非線性 non-linear 第十四章 變速器與分動(dòng)器輸入軸（第一軸）input shaft, drive shaft 輸出軸（第二軸）output shaft, main shaft 中間軸 counter shaft 倒擋軸reverse gear shaft 常嚙合 constant mesh 低速擋 low gear 高速擋 high gear 最高速擋 top gear 空擋 neutral gear 一擋 the first gear 二擋 the second gear 三擋 the thir

25、d gear 倒擋 reverse gear 直接擋 direct gear 超速擋 overdrive 動(dòng)力輸出 power take-off 換擋 shift 嚙合套 sliding sleeve 同步器 synchronizer 同步錐面 synchro cone 變速桿 shifting lever 手柄 handle 球鉸鏈 ball joint 換擋撥叉 shifting fork 自鎖 self-lock 互鎖 inter-lock 變速驅(qū)動(dòng)橋 transaxle 加力擋 low gear 第十五章 液力機(jī)械傳動(dòng)液力偶合器hydraulic coupling 泵輪 impeller 渦輪 turbine 葉片 blade 液力變矩器 torque converter 導(dǎo)輪 stator 行星齒輪系