并列句和復(fù)合句 英語從句

1、 并列句和復(fù)合句一、 并列句。并列句由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句并列在一起構(gòu)成。常見的并列句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：簡單句+并列連接詞+簡單句，這種簡單句常被叫做分句。并列連詞前可以用逗號，也可以不用逗號。常用的連接詞如下：also, and, but, eitheror, however, not onlybut also, or, or else, so, still, yet, neithernor等。Eg：He studied hard, and he passed the examination.他學(xué)習(xí)努力并通過了考試。Lets hurry, or well be late.咱們趕緊點(diǎn)，要不就遲到了。

2、I have been to Beijing many times, but my parents have never been there.我去過北京多次，但我父母從沒去過。These flowers are white, and those flowers are red. 這些花是白色的而那些花是紅色的。I am a worker, but my brother is a professor.我是一個(gè)工人，但是我的兄弟是個(gè)教授。注：當(dāng)when作“就在這時(shí)（and just then）”解時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)的分句也是并列句。Eg：I was wandering through the stree

3、ts when I caught sight of a shop for clothes.我正在街上徘徊，就在這時(shí)，我突然看見了一家服裝店。二、 復(fù)合句。復(fù)合句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句用某種連接方式連在一起的句子。在句子中作某一個(gè)成分的句子叫作從句。1. 從句由連接詞引導(dǎo)。2. 從句盡管有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，但不能單獨(dú)成為一個(gè)句子。在句中，從句僅擔(dān)任某個(gè)成分。根據(jù)所擔(dān)任的成分，從句可分為名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、表語從句）、定語從句和狀語從句。Eg：What he said is not true.他說的不是實(shí)話。I know its difficult to master Engl

4、ish well.我知道學(xué)好英語不容易。The question is whether he will join us next time.問題是下次他是否跟我們一起干。The idea that Iraq could be taken within a week or two was an underestimation.伊拉克在一兩周內(nèi)就可以被攻占的這一想法是估計(jì)不足（的想法）。Do you know the man who is in the car?你認(rèn)識坐在汽車?yán)锏哪莻€(gè)人嗎？Ill let you know as soon as he comes back.他一回來我就告訴你。例題：

5、_she couldnt understand was_fewer and fewer showed their interest in her lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; what三、名詞性從句。名詞性從句是指在句子中起名詞作用的各種詞性。按其在句子中的功用，名詞性從句可分為4大類：（1）主語從句-在復(fù)合句中作主語（2）表語從句-在復(fù)合句中作表語（3）賓語從句-在復(fù)合句中作賓語（4）同位語從句-在復(fù)合句中作一名詞的同位語。常用的從屬連詞有：that, who, whom, whether, if, w

6、hat, whose, which, when, where, how, why等。Eg: What they are doing seems very important. 他們要做的似乎很重要。（主語從句） My hope is that he will be the best student in my class. 我的愿望是他成為我班最好的學(xué)生。（表語從句） Do you know who he is? 你知道他是誰嗎？（賓語從句） I dont like the idea that money is everything. 金錢就是一切，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)我不喜歡。例題：It is pret

7、ty well understood_controls the flow of carbon dioxide I and out the atmosphere today.A. that B. when C. what D. how1. 主語從句。在句中起主語作用的句子叫作主語從句。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有：that, who, whether, if, what, which, whose, when, where, how, why等。主語從句常出現(xiàn)在下面3中結(jié)構(gòu)中。（1）主語從句+謂語。Eg：That she will come to our party is certain.她來參加我們的晚

8、會是肯定的。Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.誰擦的黑板還不知道。That hell come to see us is really great.他來看我們真是太好了。（2）It+be+形容詞（名詞詞組、過去分詞）+that從句。Eg：It is quite clear that the elephants ear is like a huge fan.大象的耳朵像把大扇子，這一點(diǎn)很清楚。It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.鯨不是魚，這時(shí)常識。It is said tha

9、t our school will be rebuilt.據(jù)說我校將要重建。Its very good that he has passes the exam.他通過了考試太好了。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，that引導(dǎo)的從句后置。而使用it作形式主語，它也可以與前面講到的結(jié)構(gòu)換用。用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞很多，常見的有：obvious, clear, likely, true, certain該結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果使用了某些形容詞、名詞詞組、過去分詞，后面的主語從句要使用虛擬語氣。Eg：It is my suggestion that everybody (should) be there by six oclock.

10、 大家都在六點(diǎn)前到那里，這是我的建議。（3）It+seem(happen等不及物東刺激)+that從句。Eg: It seems that Mary is not coming at all. 好像瑪麗根本不會來了。 用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的不及物動詞有：seem, happen, appear, matter該結(jié)構(gòu)有的可以用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。如上面句子可轉(zhuǎn)換為：Mary doesnt seem to be coming at all.例句：I read about it in some book. Does it matter_it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which

11、2. 表語從句。在句子中其表語作用的句子叫做表語從句，表語從句放在系動詞的后面。表語從句的順序也是陳述句的順序，只是它們引導(dǎo)的從句在復(fù)合句中的位置發(fā)生了變化，放在了表語的位置上，通常跟在系動詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有：if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why, as if/as though等。Eg: That is why I am late.這就是我遲到的原因。The truth is that he is the thief.事實(shí)上他就是小偷。The problem is that they are short of money.問題

12、是，他們?nèi)卞X。The question is whether it is worth reading.問題是它是否值得一讀。They are just what I want.它們就是我要的東西。Thats why they were late.那就是他們遲到的原因。例題：-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_you had a few days off.A. why B. when C. what D. where3. 賓語從句。在句中起賓語作用的句子叫做賓語從句，賓語從句放在及物動詞或介詞之后作了賓語。引導(dǎo) 賓語從句

13、的連詞有：that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why等，各自的意義不變。賓語從句的語序仍然用陳述語序。Eg：I dont expect that he had broken the glass.我沒有想到他把玻璃打碎了。Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?你能告訴我你們班有多少學(xué)生嗎？Please tell me who is your teacher.請告訴我誰是你的老師。I dont know why he is absent.我不知道為什么他不在

14、。I worried about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔(dān)心是不是我傷了她的感情。We quite agree with what you said.我們非常同意你說的話。例題：1. Do you remember_he came? -Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. it 2. A computer can only do_you have instructed it to do. Ahow B. what C. after D.when 3. The way he did it was

15、 different_we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D.from which 4. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for_he thought was not enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which4. 同位語從句。用連詞that，whether以及連接代詞who, which, what和連接副詞how, when, where, why等來引導(dǎo)從句作同位語。稱為同位語從句。在同位語從句中that雖不作句子成分，且無意義，但一般不可省

16、略，同位語從句常對一些抽象名詞做進(jìn)一步解釋和說明，這些常見的名詞有：idea, fact, news, hope, proposal, suggestion, belief, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等。Eg：The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.人們經(jīng)常討論大多數(shù)勞動者將會在家里工作的可能性。We are not looking into the question

17、whether he is worth trusting.我們正在調(diào)查的問題不是他是否值得信賴的問題。The question who should go abroad requires consideration.誰出國這個(gè)問題還需要考慮。I have no idea when she will come back.我不知道她什么時(shí)候回來。Word came that he had been abroad.據(jù)說他已經(jīng)出國了。注：came是主句的謂語，插在主句word和同位語從句之間。通常，同位語從句緊接在與它同位的名詞后面的，但當(dāng)主句的謂語比較短時(shí)，為了防止頭重腳輕，同位語從句可以和它同位的

18、名詞隔開。Eg：The thought came to her that some strange things would happen.她覺得某種奇怪的事情要發(fā)生。在advice, order, request, suggestion等名詞后的同位語從句中，謂語動詞常用（should）+動詞原形。Eg：The professor gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer. 教授給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。例題：Word came_I was wanted at the office. A. which B. why C

19、. that D. whether四、名詞性從句的用法。1. 名詞性從句要用陳述語氣。Eg：Whether she will come doesnt matter too much.她是否來不太要緊。This is where you are wrong. 這就是你的錯(cuò)誤所在。主語從句可以用it 作形式主語，將主語從句后置，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使句子平衡。有以下一些固定的結(jié)構(gòu)。2. It is+形容詞（clear, important, possible, necessary, strange, unnecessary）表示“很清楚，很重要，很可能，很有必要，很奇怪，不必，等”。Eg: It is ce

20、rtain that China will develop fast with the open-up policy. 可以肯定，中國有了開放的政策，會發(fā)展的很快。 It is strange that he should have passed the exam. 很奇怪，他倒是考試及格了。 It is important that we young people(should)learn English and master it. 年輕人學(xué)習(xí)并掌握英語是很重要的。3. It is+名詞（a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, ones duty, an

21、 honor, a shame, no easy job, a fact, good news, a good thing等）表示“很高興，很可惜，高興的事是，某人有責(zé)任，很榮幸，可惜的是，很難的事是，事實(shí)上，好消息是，好事是”。Eg：It is a sheer waste of time that we read that kind of trash.我們閱讀那樣的垃圾（圖書）全然是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。It is a pity that they have to go without her.很可惜他們不能帶上她就得走了。4. It is+過去分詞（well-known, said, reported

22、, recorded, noted, estimated, thought, believed等）表示“眾所周知，據(jù)說，據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)記載，應(yīng)當(dāng)記住，據(jù)估計(jì)，有人認(rèn)為，人們相信”。It must be pointed out that需要指出It has been found that已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)It turns out/follows that結(jié)果是/因此It has been proved that已證明It can be seen that可以看出It seems/happens/chances似乎/碰巧Eg：It happened that I was out when they came t

23、o see me yesterday evening. 他們昨晚來看我時(shí)，我碰巧出去了。 It was announced that the Prime Minister would speak on television that evening.據(jù)通告，首相將于當(dāng)晚發(fā)表電視講話。Its generally accepted that smoking causes dad health.一般認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康。例題：1. It is generally believed that teaching is_it is a science. A. an art much as B. much an

24、 art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as2. _in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is required B. What requiresC. It is required D. It requires.5. 用whoever或whatever引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不后置，也不用替代詞it。Eg：Whoever wants a ticket for the play may

25、have one.誰想要戲票可以拿一張。Whatever you say will not change anything of our plan.不管你說什么都不會改變我們的計(jì)劃。Ill say whatever comes to my mind.我會想到什么酒說什么的。例題：_breaks the traffic rules is sure to be fined. A. No matter who B. WhoeverC. Anyone D. Who6. 帶有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)或以后的賓語從句的連詞不可省略。Eg：He said (that) he had finishe

26、d his homework and that he would start reading a novel.他說他的作業(yè)已經(jīng)完成，就要開始看小說。7. 在“形容詞+名詞性從句”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，為形容詞表示情感、心理活動或確信的意義時(shí)，后面的從句被看作是賓語從句。這些形容詞有：afraid, sure, glad, happy, pleased, surprised, worried等。Eg：Im afraid that you have made a mistake.恐怕你犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。We are certain we will do well in English writing.我們確信我們

27、能學(xué)好英語寫作。Im happy that you came to me the other day.很高興你那天來看我。8. if作“是否”解釋時(shí)，只用于動詞后面引導(dǎo)賓語從句，其它名詞性從句用whether來引導(dǎo)，表示“是否”。Eg：I dont know if/whether he will come or not.我不知道他是否會來。Whether their school will have to be moved (or not) is undecided yet.他們的學(xué)校是否要搬遷還沒有決定。9. 如果賓語從句后還有賓語補(bǔ)足語，須用it作形式賓語，將賓語從句后置。Eg：Im af

28、raid that I have to make it clear that its totally up to you yourselves to decide whether or not you will go to the South Lake this weekend.恐怕我得講清楚這一點(diǎn)，本周末去不去南湖完全由你們自己決定。10. 介詞后面的賓語從句一般不用that來引導(dǎo)。英語里能接用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的介詞很少，主要有：except(除了)，but(除了)，save(除之外)，besides(除了)，in(在方面)。Eg：It depends on whether they

29、will go or not.這要看他們是否會去。I found nothing wrong in what he said.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他說的沒錯(cuò)。They were worried about where they cam borrow that much money.他們?yōu)榈侥睦锬芙璧侥敲炊噱X而感到擔(dān)心。I know nothing about Norwegian except that it is similar to Danish and Swedish.除了知道挪威語與丹麥語和瑞典語很相似之外，我對它一點(diǎn)也不了解。Criticism is necessary in that it hel

30、ps correct our mistakes.從批評有助于改正我們的缺點(diǎn)這個(gè)意義上講，它是有必要的。例題：The suit fitted him well_the color was a little brighter. A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides11. 連詞that和what的用法比較。（1）that可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，而what則只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，卻不可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。That在名詞性從句中不作句子成分，只起到一種“標(biāo)識”作用，告訴你后面是一個(gè)從句，而what在名詞性從句中一定作句子的

31、某個(gè)成分，即主語、賓語或表語。Eg：That he will come is certain.他來是肯定的。（that不作句子成分。）What he said just now is very important.他剛才說的話很重要。（what作said的賓語。）（2）what可以解釋為the thing(s) that, 即“的東西/事情”，而that沒有實(shí)際的意義，只是其一種語法作用。Eg：What he lost was his newly bought pen.他丟的（東西）是他新買的鋼筆。（what=the thing that）What he said at the meeting

32、 is important.=The thing that he said at the meeting is important.他在會上所說的事情是重要的。（what在從句中作賓語，不能省略；從句為陳述語序，不能用疑問句語序。）（3）what引導(dǎo)的從句可以用作介詞賓語，而that引導(dǎo)的從句一般不可以。what可以跟不定式，而that不可以。Eg：I dont know what to do next.我不知道下一步該做什么。5、 定語從句。 在復(fù)合句中，用來說明主句某一名詞或代詞（有時(shí)也可說明整個(gè)主句或主句中的一部分）而起的定語作用的句子叫做定語從句，它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，放在被修飾的名詞后

33、面。被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞或句子叫做“先行詞”，引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫做“關(guān)系代詞”或“關(guān)系副詞”。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語，關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作狀語。1.先行詞。定語從句先行詞分3類：（1）代表人（person） （2）代表物（thing） （3）代表全句Eg：(1) The computer (that/which) he lost at the Copenhagen Airport was an IBM laptop. 他在哥本哈根機(jī)場丟失的電腦是臺IBM手提電腦。 (2)He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a tr

34、ue man. 不到長城非好漢。(3) Jenny was late for school a third time during the week, which made her teacher very angry. 珍妮一周內(nèi)遲到三次，這使她的老師很生氣。(4)The Korean War broke out in 1950, when China was still in the beginning stage of reconstruction. 朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭于1950年爆發(fā)，當(dāng)時(shí)中國剛剛開始重建。 2. 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)

35、成分。關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，關(guān)系代詞在從句里作主語，賓語，定語。關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，關(guān)系副詞在從局里作狀語。1)關(guān)系代詞-主語（who, which, that） Eg: (1)An architect is a person who/that designs houses and buildings. 建筑師是設(shè)計(jì)房屋的人。 (2)The supermarket which/that was opened three years ago is called Dongxing Plaza. 三年前開張的超市叫東興廣場。 (3)The first two must be equal for a

36、ll who/that are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. 如果要從智力方面進(jìn)行任何的比較的話，那么對所有被比較者來說，前兩個(gè)因素必須是一樣的。2)關(guān)系代詞-賓語（who, whom, which, that） Eg: (1) The suit which/that the tailor made for me doesnt fit me. 裁縫為我做的那套衣服不合我的身材。 (2) In the dark street, there wasnt a single perso

37、n to whom she could turn for help. 在黑暗的大街上，沒有一個(gè)她可以尋求幫助的人。例題：-Why does she always ask you for help? -There is no one else_, is there? A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn3)關(guān)系代詞-定語（whose） Eg： (1)The girl whose English is very good won the first place in the 100-metre

38、 race.那個(gè)英語很棒的女孩在100米賽跑中得了第一名。(2) The house whose roof needs repairing is only three years old.屋頂需要修理的那座房子只有三年的時(shí)間。(3) Perhaps light is some sort of electric wave, whose nature we do not yet understand. 也許光是某種電波，其性質(zhì)我們尚不清楚。 注：當(dāng)whose的先行詞指物時(shí)，可以用the+n+of+which.Eg: (1)He studies in a school whose building

39、are built on top of a hill. (2)He studies in a school the buildings of which are built on top of a hill. 他就讀的學(xué)校的房子都建在山頂上。例題：George Orwell, _was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.A. the real name B.what his real name C.his real name D.whose real name4)關(guān)系副詞-狀語（when, where, why）Eg: (1

40、)He came to Hangzhou during the week when I was out. 他在我出生的那個(gè)禮拜來杭州了。 (2)The restaurant where we stayed when we were in Pairs was almost destroyed in a fire. 我們在巴黎住的飯店在一場大火中幾乎被毀了。 (3)Could you please give me a reason why you left us without a word? 請給我一個(gè)你當(dāng)時(shí)不辭而別的理由好嗎？例題：-Is that the small town you oft

41、en refer to? -Right, just the one_you know I used to work for years. A.that B.which C.where D.what5) 在定語從句中通常是用the way+in which或that作方式狀語，且口語中的in which或that常可省略。Eg：This is the way (in which/that) he worked out the problem. 這就是他解決問題的方法。6) 介詞后面跟關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)英語從句時(shí)，只能用whom, which或whose, 并且不能省略關(guān)系代詞。Eg：(1)The wo

42、man with whom you shook hands just now is head of the company. The woman (who/whom/that)you shook hands with just now is head of the company. 剛才和你握手的那個(gè)女人是公司的老板。(2)This is the car to which I referred in my talk. This is the car (that/which) I referred to in my talk. 這就是我講話中提到的那輛車。(3) Do you happen to

43、 know Mr Pattis, in whose department Im working? Do you happen to know Mr Pattis, whose department Im working in? 你是不是正好認(rèn)識Pattis先生？我在他的部門工作。3. 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句1) 定語從句有限制性和非限制性定語從句兩種。限制性定語從句：是先行詞不可或缺的部分，去掉它后主語意思往往不明確，不完整。非限制性定語從句：是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。Eg：This is the house which we bou

44、ght last month.這是我們上個(gè)月買的那幢房子。The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮, 是我們上個(gè)月買的。例題：1. I have bought two pens, _writes well. A.none of which B.neither of which C.both of which D.all of that 2.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_are sold abroad. A.of w

45、hich B.which of C.of them D.of that2) 當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或由物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。Eg：(1)Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理-史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。 (2)This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。 (3)In Sydney Olympic Games the Chinese team got 28

46、gold medals, 16.5 of which were won by women. 在悉尼奧運(yùn)會上，中國對獲得了28枚金牌，其中16.5枚是女子奪得的。3) 非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞，對其整個(gè)句子表達(dá)的意思進(jìn)行修飾，這時(shí)從句的謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。Eg：(1)He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒明白我的意思，這使我很心煩。(2) Mike, as we expected, attended the mee

47、ting.像我們所期望的那樣，麥克參加了會議。(3) Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法。只用which不用that的情況。1)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。Eg：(1)Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.竹子是空心的，這使它很輕。(2) The dam, which is the biggest in the world, is 3,830 metres long. 這個(gè)大壩長3830米，是世界上最大的壩。例題：He

48、len was much kinder to her youngest son that the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. A.who B.that C.what D.which2) 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。Eg: This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived. 這就是毛主席曾經(jīng)住過的房間。3) 先行詞為that時(shí)。Eg：The clock is that which can tell us the time. 鐘是報(bào)時(shí)的裝置。 當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，只用that不用which的情

49、況。1)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或last修飾。Eg: (1)The first place that we visited was the Great Wall. 我們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是長城。 (2)This is the third book that she has given me. 這是她給我的第三本書了。 (3)The first sight that was caught at the Great Wall has made a lasting impression on him. 他在長城第一眼所看到的景象給他留下了長久的印象。2) 先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾。Eg：(1)This is

50、 the best novel that I have ever read. 這是我看過的最好的小說。(2) Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited. 桂林是我參觀過得最美麗的城市之一。3) 當(dāng)先行詞是all, little, much, few, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代詞或被all, few, little, no, any等修飾。Eg: (1) I will tell him all that you told me at the ball

51、. 我要把你在舞會上跟我講的話全都告訴他。 (2) She told everything that she had known. 她知無不言了。 (3) There are few books that you can read in this bookstore. 這家書店幾乎沒有什么可以看的書。 (4) You can take any room that you like. 你可以住任何一間房。 (5) There are no clothes that fit you here. 這兒沒有適合你穿的衣服。注：something后that和which都可以用。4） 先行詞中同時(shí)包括人和

52、物。Eg：(1)We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered. 我們談?wù)摿宋覀冞€記得的人和村子。(2)He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited. 他問起他去過的這幾家工廠和工人的情況。5) 先行詞被only或very(恰好的，表示強(qiáng)調(diào))修飾。Eg：(1)He is the only person that understands me. 他是唯一理解我的人。(2)This is the very question that came u

53、p at the meeting. 這正是開會時(shí)出現(xiàn)的問題。(3)That is the very thing that we can do. 那正是我們能做的事。(4) It is the only book that he bought himself. 這是他給自己買的唯一的書。 例題：This is the very reason_he was late for. A.that B.why C.which D.whatthat還可以作關(guān)系副詞，表示時(shí)間、方式、原因等Eg：(1)That was the second time (that) I had met her. 那是我第二次見到

54、她。(2)The students were asked to do everything the way that/in which their teacher did. 學(xué)生們被要求按他們老師的方法去做任何事情。(3)Id like to know the reason that (why/for which) you arenot coming. 我想知道你不能來的原因。注：選用關(guān)系詞時(shí)。不能只看先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因，就決定是要用when,where, why, 而必須分析從句謂語動詞與先行詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系。如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作作主語或賓語，則需用關(guān)系代詞which, that等，如作狀語，則可以選用when, where或why, 如作表語，則要看意思而定。Eg：(1)Well never forget the