選修8Unit2ReadingCloningWhereisitleadingusPPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1They are born naturally and identical in sex and appearance.第1頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)The new plants that grow from the runners are exact copies of the original plant.第2頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)一株草莓依靠它沿地一株草莓依靠它沿地“爬走爬走”的匍匐莖的匍匐莖,一年內(nèi)就能長(zhǎng)出數(shù)百株草莓苗。一年內(nèi)就能長(zhǎng)出數(shù)百株草莓苗。第3頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)富貴竹插枝即活富貴竹插枝即活The gardener should cut the plant, then the cutting prod

2、uce another new plant.第4頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第5頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第6頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)2002年年5月月中旬成功地中旬成功地繁殖了一只繁殖了一只胚胎細(xì)胞胚胎細(xì)胞克隆兔?？寺⊥?。第7頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第8頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)2002年年4月月16日日美國(guó)第一頭克美國(guó)第一頭克隆牛隆?！鞍装住碑a(chǎn)下牛犢。產(chǎn)下牛犢。第9頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第10頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)re-reading 第11頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)A clone is an animal or a plant produced naturally or artificially from the cells of another animal or plant a

3、nd is exactly the same as it.第12頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)2. How is a clone produced？1)The cloning of plants is simple and relatively easy. It can be done by taking cuttings (man-made cloning) or letting the plant produce its own runners (natural cloning). 2)The cloning of animals is more complicated. It was not achiev

4、ed until 1996 and is fully explained in the first reading.第13頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第14頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)？Medical cloning can help cure serious illnesses that ruin ones quality of life (such as Parkinsons disease or Alzheimers disease). It can help infertile people have babies.第15頁(yè)/共82頁(yè) People may want to clone themselves so th

5、ey can live forever. People may want to clone dead children. People may want to clone their favourite pets.第16頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)1. What is the main topic? _ A. Cloning. B. Dolly the sheep . C. It will lead us to some places.2. What is the writing style? _ A. Expositive (說(shuō)明性的說(shuō)明性的). B. Descriptive. C. Argumentati

6、ve (議論性的議論性的).A A 第17頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Learning tips: The passage is written in the expositive style. That is to say the text is in the third person and in factual and formal language. It gives different points of view and does not try to persuade the reader to make up his/her own mind.第18頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)B 第19頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)C 第20

7、頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)D 第21頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)A 第22頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)A 第23頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)B 第24頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)9. The lamb is the clone of the cell from sheep because _. A. it provides the egg cell B. it gives birth to the lamb C. it provides the nucleus D. it is a female sheep10. The sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably lived _ years. A. 3 B. 6

8、C. 9 D. 12C D 第25頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)D 第26頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)12. Which of the following is NOT a problem or danger of cloning mentioned in the text? _A. Evil leaders may want to clone themselves.B. Animal clones may develop the illness of older animals and may die younger than the donor animals.C. There are moral objections t

9、o cloning human beings.D. Too much cloning may lead to the destruction of the balance of nature.D 第27頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)13. We can infer from the last three paragraphs that _. A. the normal development of Dolly had no effect on the cloning of other species. B. Dollys serious disease and final death disturbed the

10、 whole world. C. Dolly successfully cloned a new lamb with the help of cloning scientists. D. there were arguments about animal cloning and concerns about the future of cloning.D 第28頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Careful reading The main idea of each paragraph.1. Cloning is _ _ 2. Cloning has _ uses.3. The _ of Dolly.4. The

11、 _ of clonging in society.5. The _towards cloning.a way of making an exact copy of another animal and blemstwo majoreffectattitudes第29頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)It happens both in _ and in _. They can be cloned by _ and _.plantsanimalsthemselveshumansNatural cloneMan-made clonePara 1: The definition of cloning第

12、30頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)1. How many major uses do cloning have? Firstly, commercial Secondly, research2. How many female sheep participate in the cloning of a new sheep?3. When was the cloning of Dolly the sheep born?3Para 2: The major uses and procedures of cloning1996第31頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)About Dolly the sheepEncouraging news

13、: Dolly developed _. Disturbing news:normally Dolly lived for six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original one. Para 3: The problems of Dolly第32頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)ara 4: The impact of DollyB 第33頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)ara 5: Peoples reaction to cloningMany governments forbade research into human beings.T T

14、F 第34頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第35頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)意大利狂人醫(yī)生意大利狂人醫(yī)生:安蒂諾里安蒂諾里冒死也要克隆人的冒死也要克隆人的科學(xué)家科學(xué)家:布瓦瑟利耶布瓦瑟利耶第36頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Comprehending 1. What are the two major uses of cloning? The first use is to produce commercial quantities of plants. The second is to research on new plants species and do medical research on animals.第37頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)2. Wh

15、y is it easier to make commercial plant clones than animal clones? Cloning plants is straightforward, but the cloning of animals is very complicated.第38頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)3. What was the first clone from an adult animal? At what age did this clone die? 4. Why is cloning controversial in some countries? The first

16、 clone from an adult animal was Dolly the sheep. She died in 2003 at the age of 6 and a half.Cloning is controversial in some countries for moral and religious reasons.第39頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)roblems or dangers of cloningAdvantages of cloningAnimals may develop the illnesses of older animals.2 Fill in the chart.M

17、edical cloning could produce cures for serious illnesses in humans. 第40頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)Animal clones may die younger than the donor animalsEvil leader may want to clone themselves.There are moral objections to cloning human beings.Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality for sale.Cloning plants ca

18、n be useful for research on new plant species.Cloning can help save endangered animals.第41頁(yè)/共82頁(yè) I think the writer is _ because_ _ impartialhe/she does not state any personal opinion about cloning. 第42頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第43頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)As a coin has two sides, everything has two aspects. First, if the cloning is used

19、in a correct way it can bring many conveniences to us. Such as: curing serious illnesses and being used to produce commercial quantities of plants. On the other hand, if the cloning is used in an evil way it can cause much trouble: such as moral questions.第44頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)P(yáng)ractice activity: Debate Are you i

20、n favor of cloning or against cloning? What is your point of view on it?第45頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)1. This happens in plants when gardeners take when twins identical in sex and 1) “when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones, when twins identical in是兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。是兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中從句的動(dòng)作可以與引導(dǎo)的時(shí)

21、間狀語(yǔ)從句中從句的動(dòng)作可以與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先于主句的動(dòng)作。主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先于主句的動(dòng)作。Dont be afraid of asking for help _ it is needed. (03, 全國(guó)全國(guó))A. unless B. since C. although D. whenD 第46頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)2) happen vi. occur by chance; take place (偶然地偶然地)發(fā)生發(fā)生; 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn) happen to do happen to sb. It happened that happening n. 事件事件; 偶然發(fā)生的事偶然發(fā)生的

22、事 (常用復(fù)數(shù)常用復(fù)數(shù))辨析辨析: happen, occur, take place與與come about四詞都有四詞都有“發(fā)生發(fā)生”之意之意, 但有區(qū)別。但有區(qū)別。happen 是一般用語(yǔ)是一般用語(yǔ), 詞義較廣詞義較廣, 強(qiáng)調(diào)事情強(qiáng)調(diào)事情 發(fā)生的偶然性發(fā)生的偶然性;occur 用法較正式用法較正式, 既可以指自然發(fā)生既可以指自然發(fā)生, 也也 可以指有意安排?？梢灾赣幸獍才?。碰碰巧巧(某人某人)發(fā)生什么事了發(fā)生什么事了碰巧碰巧第47頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)occurtake placecome abouthappenUse the above words to fill in the blanks.t

23、ake place 一般指有計(jì)劃一般指有計(jì)劃, 按事先安排的按事先安排的 進(jìn)行的含義。進(jìn)行的含義。come about 往往注重事情發(fā)生的原因往往注重事情發(fā)生的原因, 常常 與與how 連用。連用。以上四組詞均為不及物動(dòng)詞以上四組詞均為不及物動(dòng)詞, 無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第48頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)identity n c/u 身份,本身,本體 1)The police are trying to discover the of the killer. 2) a false identity/ID card 3) She went through an identity crsis in her te

24、ens. 自我認(rèn)同的危機(jī) c 相同,一致,統(tǒng)一性 (with) 1)an identity of interests 2) Fans have a close identity with their team. identify vt 確認(rèn),鑒定(身份,性質(zhì)) 1)The police identified the body as a suspected drug dealer. 2)He refused to identified himself. 3)Please identify your own suitcase before it was put on the plane.ident

25、ificationidentical第49頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)identify with sb(和某人有一樣的情感) 和某人產(chǎn)生 共鳴;同情,諒解 1)I like the book because I could identify with some of the characters.identify sb with sth =consider sb to be. The public identify him with the tough guy.identify sth with sth=consider sth to be. You should not identify happiness

26、 with wealthidentify sb/sth as.=show sb to be Sometimes the clothes people wear identify them as what class of persons.be identified with identify yourself with同情,支持第50頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)2.Cloning plants is straightforward. straightforward adj. 簡(jiǎn)單的簡(jiǎn)單的, 易懂的，易懂的， 坦誠(chéng)的坦誠(chéng)的, 坦率的坦率的straightforwardly adv. 率直地率直地, 坦誠(chéng)地坦誠(chéng)地

27、straightforwardness n. 率直率直1)Jack is rough, but always straightforward. 2)Installing the program is relatively straightforward.3)She admired his straightforwardness.第51頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)3. It is a difficult task to undertake.undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken) 著手做著手做, 從事從事, 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行; 擔(dān)任擔(dān)任, 承擔(dān)承擔(dān), 答應(yīng)答應(yīng), 同意。同意。The p

28、rocedure is difficult to undertake, of course. 當(dāng)然當(dāng)然, 這個(gè)過(guò)程很難實(shí)施。這個(gè)過(guò)程很難實(shí)施。The scientist undertakes the experiment.科學(xué)家從事這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)?？茖W(xué)家從事這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。I can undertake the responsibility for the changes.我愿意承擔(dān)這些變革的責(zé)任。我愿意承擔(dān)這些變革的責(zé)任。第52頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1) The lawyer _ a new case. 那個(gè)律師接了一個(gè)新的案子。那個(gè)律師接了一個(gè)新的案子。2) He will _ _

29、_ next month (去旅行去旅行).3) He _ _ _ _. (承擔(dān)一項(xiàng)新任務(wù)承擔(dān)一項(xiàng)新任務(wù))undertookundertook a new taskundertake a journey第53頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)4. pay off (事業(yè)、計(jì)劃等事業(yè)、計(jì)劃等) 成功成功; 付清薪水并付清薪水并 解雇解雇; 償還償還(債務(wù)等債務(wù)等)。 At last the determination and patience of scientists paid off 最終科學(xué)家們的決心和耐心得到了回報(bào)最終科學(xué)家們的決心和耐心得到了回報(bào) He paid off the crew of the sh

30、ip. 他付清全體船員的工資并將他們解雇。他付清全體船員的工資并將他們解雇。 In the end he paid off all his debts. 最終他還清了所有的債務(wù)。最終他還清了所有的債務(wù)。 pay back 報(bào)答報(bào)答; 報(bào)復(fù)報(bào)復(fù)第54頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)offtobackoff第55頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)1) contain v. 包含包含, 含有含有2) needed to produce a new sheep 為過(guò)去分詞為過(guò)去分詞 短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ), 修飾其前面的名詞修飾其前面的名詞 genes, 構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配關(guān)系。構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配關(guān)系。5. The nucleus of this

31、cell contains all the genes needed to produce a new sheep. 這個(gè)細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞核含有生產(chǎn)一只新的綿羊的這個(gè)細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞核含有生產(chǎn)一只新的綿羊的 必需的基因。必需的基因。第56頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)containscontainsincluding第57頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)1) using electricity 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)。為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)。2) 聯(lián)手聯(lián)手, 攜手?jǐn)y手 參加活動(dòng)參加活動(dòng) 和某人一起做事和某人一起做事 參軍參軍, 連起來(lái)連起來(lái)join handsjoin in sth. / doing sth join sb. in sth

32、.join up第58頁(yè)/共82頁(yè))辨析辨析: take part in, join, join in 與與 attend第59頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)7. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 多莉看來(lái)是在正常地成長(zhǎng)著多莉看來(lái)是在正常地成長(zhǎng)著, 這很令人鼓舞。這很令人鼓舞?！皌hat she seemed to develop normally”是同位語(yǔ)是同位語(yǔ)從句。從句。為了保持句子的平衡為了保持句子的平衡, 同位語(yǔ)從句還可以放在動(dòng)同位語(yǔ)從句還可以放在動(dòng)詞的后面。詞的后面。如如: Soon word cam

33、e that we won. 第60頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)8. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 然后傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。然后傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。本句中本句中, 副詞副詞then放于句首放于句首, 主語(yǔ)是名詞主語(yǔ)是名詞“news”, “that Dolly had become seriously ill”是同位語(yǔ)是同位語(yǔ)從句從句, 句子用了倒裝語(yǔ)序。句子用了倒裝語(yǔ)序。In the dark forests _, some large enough to hold several English

34、towns. (05, 遼寧遼寧)A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakesC. many lakes lie D. many lakes standB 第61頁(yè)/共82頁(yè) disturbing adj. The news from the front is very disturbing. 來(lái)自前線的消息令人極為不安。來(lái)自前線的消息令人極為不安。 disturb vt. 擾亂擾亂, 使不安使不安, 弄亂弄亂; disturbed adj. 被擾亂的被擾亂的, 感到不安的；感到不安的； disturbing adj. 令人不安的。令人不安的。 第62頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)

35、用用disturb, disturbing, disturbed填空。填空。1) Im very _ about Alice.2) Dont _ the papers on my desk.3) This country is in a _ state.4) What _ news it is!5) A light wind _ the surface of the water. disturbeddisturbdisturbingdisturbingdisturbed第63頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)9.Cloning Scientists were cast down to find that Dolly

36、s illness were more appropriate to a much older animal. 克隆科學(xué)家克隆科學(xué)家沮喪地沮喪地發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉的病更容易發(fā)生在發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉的病更容易發(fā)生在年老的羊身上年老的羊身上(按理是不應(yīng)當(dāng)發(fā)生在按理是不應(yīng)當(dāng)發(fā)生在Dolly身上的身上的)cast down 使沮喪使沮喪; 毀掉毀掉 (常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)或常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)或作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ))不要這么沮喪不要這么沮喪, 打起精神來(lái)！打起精神來(lái)！Dont be so cast down. Just keep up your spirits.cast away 丟棄丟棄 cast off 放棄放棄; 丟棄丟棄cast o

37、ut 趕走趕走第64頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)1) 聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息他很沮喪。聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息他很沮喪。 _2) 發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相使他很沮喪。發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相使他很沮喪。 _He was cast down to hear the news.Finding out the truth made him cast down.將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。第65頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)10. altogether 和和 all together 及及 together1) altogether adv. 總共總共, 完全地完全地, 總之總之, 總而言之總而言之You owe me 68 RMB altogether. You

38、r work is altogether perfect.2) all together 全部全部在同一地方或同一時(shí)間在同一地方或同一時(shí)間Can you put your books all together in this box?3) together adv. 在一起在一起, 共同地共同地All his trouble seemed to come together.Hes bad-tempered, selfish and _ an unpopular man.A. therefore B. altogether C. otherwise D. anyhowB 第66頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)11.

39、 On the other hand, Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.另一方面另一方面, 多莉的出現(xiàn)引來(lái)了巨大的反對(duì)，激發(fā)多莉的出現(xiàn)引來(lái)了巨大的反對(duì)，激發(fā)了傳媒的熱炒和公眾的想像力。了傳媒的熱炒和公眾的想像力。 object v. & objection n. 反對(duì)反對(duì), 不贊成不贊成I feel a strong objection to getting up early.我極不愿意早起。我極不愿意早起。

40、Have you any objection to my opening the window?你反對(duì)我打開(kāi)窗子嗎你反對(duì)我打開(kāi)窗子嗎?第67頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)object vi.We object to being treated like this. 我們抗議這種待遇。我們抗議這種待遇。I object to the plan. 我反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。我反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。object vt.I object that he is too young to take that position. 我提出反對(duì)意見(jiàn)我提出反對(duì)意見(jiàn): 他太年輕不適合那個(gè)職位。他太年輕不適合那個(gè)職位。object to (doing

41、) sth.object + that 從句從句objection 是名詞是名詞, 常與常與have, take, feel 等連用等連用have / take / feel objection to (doing )sth.第68頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)即時(shí)練習(xí)即時(shí)練習(xí): 句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換(1) Have you any objection to my opening the window? = Would you _ _ my opening the window?(2) take objection to smoking. = I _ _ smoking.(3) “But he is too you

42、ng,” she argued. = She _ that he was too young.object toobject toobjected第69頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)12. It suddenly opened everyones eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illness, and even to produce human beings. 突然每個(gè)人都看到了利用克隆技術(shù)治愈重病突然每個(gè)人都看到了利用克隆技術(shù)治愈重病, 甚至克隆出人的可能性。甚至克隆出人的可能性。第70頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)At the beginni

43、ng of class, could be heard outside the classroom. (07, 全國(guó)全國(guó)II)A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close C 解析解析 答案答案C。題意為。題意為: 開(kāi)始上課時(shí)開(kāi)始上課時(shí), 開(kāi)關(guān)課桌的聲音開(kāi)關(guān)課桌的聲音在教室外都能夠聽(tīng)到。在教室外都能夠聽(tīng)到。第71頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)13. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cl

44、oning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.attain vt. 獲得獲得(尤其指經(jīng)過(guò)努力尤其指經(jīng)過(guò)努力); 達(dá)到達(dá)到(年齡年齡, 水平水平, 狀況等狀況等) He attianed success through hard work. He attained the age of 25 before graduating. 第72頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)第73頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)14. Government

45、s became nervous and many forbade research into human clothing. 政府開(kāi)始感到不安政府開(kāi)始感到不安, 有許多政府禁止對(duì)克隆的研究。有許多政府禁止對(duì)克隆的研究。forbid vt. (forbade; forbidden)禁止禁止, 不許不許, 妨礙妨礙, 阻止阻止 Smoking should be forbidden in public places.公共場(chǎng)所應(yīng)禁止吸煙。公共場(chǎng)所應(yīng)禁止吸煙。Her father forbid her to go out alone.她父親不許她單獨(dú)外出。她父親不許她單獨(dú)外出。I forbid yo

46、u (from)entering my study.我不許你進(jìn)入我的書(shū)房。我不許你進(jìn)入我的書(shū)房。第74頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)forbid sb. to do / forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事forbid sth. 禁止某事禁止某事與與forbid 結(jié)構(gòu)相同的詞有：結(jié)構(gòu)相同的詞有：permit sb to do / permit doing sth 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事/允許做某事；允許做某事；allow sb. to do / allow doing sth允許某人做某事允許某人做某事/允許做某事；允許做某事；advise sb. to do

47、 / advise doing sth. 建議某人做某事建議某人做某事/建議做某事建議做某事第75頁(yè)/共82頁(yè)1) The school _ _ _ _ _ (禁止學(xué)生吸煙禁止學(xué)生吸煙).2) He is forbidden to _ _ _ (進(jìn)入這個(gè)房間進(jìn)入這個(gè)房間).3) There are laws in some countries which forbid advertisements _ at inappropriate times and places.A. being shown B. shown C. show D. to have shown4) At the conference he was forbidden _ the subject again.A. mentioning B. to mention