中考二輪復(fù)習(xí)第9講閱讀理解專題講義

1、閱讀理解【知識點(diǎn)睛】一、命題特點(diǎn)體裁上來看：涉及記敘文、夾敘夾議文、議論文、說明文和應(yīng)用文；題材內(nèi)容涉及英語國家文化的多個(gè)領(lǐng)域，并逐步增加廣告、海報(bào)、圖畫、表格等實(shí)用文體。題型上來看：著重考查學(xué)生對整篇文章的把握，側(cè)重考查學(xué)生根據(jù)語境進(jìn)行語篇分析和綜合利用有效信息解決實(shí)際問題的能力。閱讀量上看：逐年增加。難度上來看：增加了難度，超過了大綱規(guī)定的3%的生詞率。二、閱讀題型1._：考查學(xué)生直接從原文中獲取正確信息的能力。這類題目可以分為直接事實(shí)題和間接事實(shí)題。2._：猜測生詞詞義、短語和句子意思以及確定代詞指代目標(biāo)的能力。3._：要求讀者通過文章所提供的已知信息推測未直接表明的信息。4._：要求讀

2、者在閱讀和理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對文章作出歸納、概括或評價(jià)。三、做題步驟1. 速讀文章抓大意2. 帶題讀文作標(biāo)記3. 檢查題目不留疑四、閱讀禁忌禁止“指讀，聲讀，譯讀，精讀”禁止“題目卷面清潔，什么標(biāo)記都沒有”【試題1】【2015河南中考A篇】A A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery (外科手術(shù)). He found the boys father in the hall waiting worriedly. On seeing him, the father cr

3、ied out, “Why did you take all this time to come? Dont you know that my son is in danger? Dont you have any sense of duty?” The doctor smiled and said, “I am sorry. I wasnt in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish youd calm down so that I can do my work.

4、” “Calm down?! What if your son was in this room right now? Would you calm down? If your own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do?” said the father angrily. The doctor smiled again and replied, “We will do our best and you should also pray (祈禱) for your sons healthy life.” The

5、surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happy, “Thank goodness! Your son is saved!” And without waiting for the fathers reply he carried on his way running by saying, “If you have any questions, ask the nurse.” “Couldnt he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my sons state?” sho

6、uted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, tears coming down her face. “His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial (葬禮) when we called him for your sons surgery. And now that he saved your sons life, he left running to finish his son

7、s burial.” 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號填入題前括號內(nèi)。( )46. What did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery? A. He asked another doctor to do his duty. B. He went to the hospital as soon as possible. C. He discussed the boys state with the father. D. He waited until his sons burial was finished. (

8、 )47. The father shouted at the doctor because he thought _. A. he had waited too long B. no one cared for his son C. the doctor was cold to him D. the surgery took a long time ( )48. Who told the truth to the father in the end? A. The doctor. B. The nurse. C. His son. D. A patient. ( )49. How might

9、 the father feel after he knew the truth? A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Sorry. D. Doubtful. ( )50. What is the best title for the text? A. Seeing is believing B. Time waits for no man C. Practice makes perfect D. Think before you decide 一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題 A Luca Gramberini has been scuba diving since he was a kid.

10、His family owns a scuba company. For the past three summers, Luca has added gardening to his underwater activities. He helps run Nemos Garden, a project to grow plants in the sea. From May through September, Luca and other divers are working on Nemos Garden in the Mediterranean Sea, 150 feet from th

11、e coast of Noli, Italy. Five large balloon-like objects, called biospheres (生物圈) , hold plants such as beans and strawberries. The biospheres are filled with air and placed 20 feet below the surface. “My father came up with the idea because he loves gardening very much,” Luca said. According to Luca

12、, the sea is a good place to grow plants because underwater temperatures remain stable, changing little from day to night. The biospheres act like greenhouses. Inside the air-filled biospheres, fresh water keeps evaporating (蒸發(fā)) , providing the plants with a good environment to grow in. “We have alr

13、eady seen the plants, grow faster and better,” Luca says. “And there are fewer storms that can knock down the biospheres during the summer.” Luca hopes Nemos Garden will provide a new way of growing crops. “There is not enough land on the Earth,” he says. “And in many developing countries, bad condi

14、tions make it difficult for crops to grow.” Though the project has just started, Nemos Garden has achieved success and is moving to different areas. “Were going to try growing other plants.” Luca says. “We hope to set up biospheres in other countries. There are many possibilities.” 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)

15、號填入題前括號內(nèi)。 ( )1. Nemos Garden is a project to _. A. do scuba diving in the sea B. stop storms in the sea C. make fresh water from the sea D. grow plants under the water ( )2. The passage is probably taken from the _ part of a newspaper. A. travel B. science C. health D. sports BWine and Beer Festival

16、s, GermanySeptember is also a great month for wine as the new kinds are ready for tasting. The Stuttgart Wine Festival (29th August9th September) is one of the biggest festivals, with over one million visitors. At the festival, you can taste over 250 kinds of wines from the area. If you prefer beer

17、to wine, theres the world-famous Munich Oktoberfest, which starts on 22nd September and continues until 7th October.( )3. What can we learn about Wine and Beer Festivals? A. The Stuttgart Wine Festival lasts over two weeks. B. Munch Oktoberfest is one of the biggest festivals in the world. C. More t

18、han one million visitors come to Munich Oktoberfest. D. People can taste over 250 kinds of wines at the Stuttgart Wine Festival. 二、猜測詞義題 A In Germany, teachers and students relationship is more formal than you might be used to. Teachers are respected and students must use the formal “Sie (德語：您)” whe

19、n talking to teachers. ( )1. The underlined word “respected” can be best translated into _. A. 受人尊敬的B. 令人害怕的C. 高收入的D. 有權(quán)勢的 B (文章同細(xì)節(jié)理解題A篇) ( )2. The underlined word “stable” in paragraph 3 means _ in Chinese. A. 平衡的 B. 正常的 C. 穩(wěn)定的 D. 合適的 C Rachel Carsons most famous book, Silent Spring came out in 196

20、2. In this book, she pointed out that the use of some kinds of pesticides (殺蟲劑) like DDT would cause the number of birds to decline because it would kill them as well. Finally, in November 1969, the United States government decided that the use of DDT must be stopped in two years. ( )3. The Chinese

21、meaning of the word “decline” in this passage is probably “_”. A. 增加B. 減少C. 維持D. 翻番 D (文章同主旨大意題C篇) ( )4. The underlined word “remunerated” in the passage means “_”. A. trained B. praised C. accepted D. paid E Skin (皮膚) covers our bodies. Every time we move, our skin moves, too. Try this: Pull up the

22、 skin from the back of your hand and then let it go. What happens? The skin goes back to its first positon. That means that skin is elasticwe can move it and pull it but it always goes back. ( )5. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “elastic” in the third paragraph? A. Able to move around or tu

23、rn around. B. Able to become softer or harder when needed. C. Able to become thick or thin, but cant go back. D. Able to become larger and then go back to its usual size. 三、邏輯推理題 A Bags of Love Last year, I worked in a middle school near my mothers house, and I stayed with her for a month. During th

24、at time, I helped her do some housework and buy some food. After the first week, I noticed that the food was eaten up very quickly. Then I began keeping an eye on my mum. To my surprise, I found that she would put some of the food into a paper bag and go out with it at about nine every morning. And

25、finally, I decided to follow her. I saw her taking the food to the street children. She would also spend a lot of time talking and playing with them. One day, I talked to a neighbor and found out that my mum was well-known in the area. The children were very friendly with her and even thought of her

26、 as their own mother. Then it hit mewhy wouldnt she want to tell me about it? Was she worried that I would stop buying food if I found out? When my mum got home, I gave her a big hug (擁抱). I told her she didnt need to keep it a secret from me. And she told me something about the children. Some of th

27、em lived with an old lady in a small house. Others slept on the street. For years, she was helping the poor street children by giving them food. After she told me everything, I was so moved by how selfless (無私的) she was. She helped others in need. As her son, I was so proud of my mum. I continued to

28、 buy food for my mum after that. But I always added one more bag for her other children. ( )1. The writer added one more bag of food to _. A. make friends with the children B. get a hug from his mother C. become well-known in the area D. help the poor street children B The PrincessAndThe FrogTickets

29、 InformationDates:30th July 8th AugustMon Fri 10am, 7pmSat Sun 10am, 2pm, 7pmVenue:Esplanade TheatreDuration:1.5 hoursTicket prices:$25 per child or adult (day shows)$35 per child or adult (evening shows)Family Packages:$85 for 4 tickets (10am, 2pm shows)$120 for 4 tickets (7pm shows)Latecomer Polic

30、y:Please arrive early. Latecomers will not be allowed to enter until a proper break in the shows.Tel: 617-219-4300Children:As courtesy to other audience members, children below three years old will not be allowed in.( )2. If a family of four go to the theatre in the evening, they have to pay at leas

31、t _ dollars for the tickets. A. 85 B. 100C. 120D. 140 C Off the Beaten Cart Path The best-selling travel book which includes over 200 new places of interest, over 200 new full-color photographs, and all-new, up-to-date maps. It includes over 1,000 of the United States most must-see destinations (目的地

32、). Cover Price: $30.00 Our Price: $19.80 ParentsThe most popular magazine for parents who want to raise smart and loving children. It has child development guidance, advice on your childs health and safety, and the best way to encourage your childs learning. Cover Price: $26.00 Our Price: $12.60 Bes

33、t Weekend Projects The projects (方案) are chosen from 80 special ideas to create an unusual living space. They are practical, as well as creative. They will improve your home and yard and can be made on weekends. And the most important of all, they are easy to follow. Cover Price: $17.95 Our Price: $

34、13.90 Lucky The shopping magazine with the best buys, and the fashion tips (小貼士). Youll need them before you go to the stores. What makes Lucky really special is that it gives you the information you need before anyone else has it. Cover Price: $18.50 Our Price: $15.50 ( )3. What do you think the pa

35、ssage is? A. An advertisement. B. A notice. C. A story. D. A report. 四、主旨大意題 A (文章同細(xì)節(jié)理解題A篇) ( )1. The best title for this passage is _. A. Gardens in the sea B. Projects for summer activities C. Plants in greenhouses D. Conditions for crop growing B (選自一篇文章的第四段) Scientists now understand that a fire

36、 can be a natural part of a healthy forest. As a result, countries like Australia allow more fires to burn naturally. Sometimes, firefighters even start fires to get rid of (去除) dead wood. Of course, they carefully control the fires. The fire thins out old trees. This allows sunlight to reach the gr

37、ound. As a result, fires help new trees to grow. Therefore, if a fire is not a serious threat (威脅) to people, firefighters may let it burn naturally. ( )2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. Fires are serious threats to human beings. B. Australian firefighters dont put out fires. C. Fires can

38、play an important role in forests. D. Its difficult for firefighters to control the fires. C Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important decisions to make in life. For my job, there are three important things that I will conside

39、r: The first onethat I must work in an area I likeis most important to me. Someone once said if you find a job that you enjoy, then you wont have to work another day. I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative. I would like to be the most valuable member there. All this is possible

40、 only if I like what I do. The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to solve some new and hard problems. I would like to stay in the same area for a long time. In order for this to happen, the work must provide enough problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a differen

41、ce and trying my best for the whole progress. I would also like to be well remunerated for my hard work, so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money. Then I can provide the best for my family. The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other peopl

42、e. The work in my mind is in fields such as the army, training or management. In such areas, I can help to develop the abilities of others and bring out their best. It would be a most satisfying job to help young people to become the best that they can be. When I become old, I would like to look bac

43、k with a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of people have become better persons through my work. I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or quickly. He should decide what he wants to be in the long run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should s

44、tudy the proper courses, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice. A good choice will most probably lead to a better life. ( )3. What is the best title for the passage? A. My Job Choice B. My Favorite Job C. My Comfortable Life D. My Sense of Satisfa

45、ction 7【精講精練】 A Why are your study habits different from those of your friends? Why do you seem to learn faster in some classes while more slowly in others? One reason you may not know is that people have different learning types. Scientists say there are three different learning types: Visual (視覺型)

46、, Auditory (聽覺型), and Kinesthetic (動(dòng)覺型). Visual learners learn best by seeing. If you seem to easily remember information from pictures, graphs (圖表) and videos, you are probably a visual learner. Youre not good at copying down what the teacher says in class. Never mind. You can draw graphs or pictur

47、es instead, if you find that works better for you. Auditory learners learn best by hearing. If you seem to easily remember things by hearing them, then you are probably an auditory learner. You must listen carefully while the teacher is speaking because its the easiest way for you to learn. Sometime

48、s you may find that taking notes stops you from listening carefully. After class, you can write down what you remember or borrow your friends notes to copy. Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing. If you seem to learn best by working with your hands, you are probably a kinesthetic learner. Taking

49、notes by writing can make you pay close attention to information as you receive it. Of course, you can learn best by making full use of labs or other class activities. Hope you learn better by knowing what your personal learning type is.( )1. There are _ different learning types according to the pas

50、sage. A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five ( )2. Jude can remember the words of a song quickly by listening to it once or twice. She might be a/an _ according to the passage. A. auditory learnerB. visual learner C. strange leanerD. usual learner ( )3. Kinesthetic learners learn best by _. A. remembering inf

51、ormation from videos B. listening to teachers in class C. drawing graphs or pictures D. doing things with their hands ( )4. The best title of this passage may be “_”. A. Study HabitsB. Ways to Study C. Learning TypesD. Reasons to Learn B New Technology Revolutionizes (變革) Learning More and more peop

52、le believe that technologies are great for learning. Today, such teaching tools as iPads are used in a lot of courses, including language, history and science. Many teachers are supporters of using iPads in language learning. They say that students now have much more time for discussion in the class

53、room. Instead of spending valuable class time listening to texts or watching teaching videos, students can do this on their own and come to class prepared for discussion. The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace. Some students might listen to a dialogue only once an

54、d understand it, so they can save time for doing other things. Other students, however, might need to listen to the same dialogue again and again to understand it. Using iPads is especially helpful to students who are learning a language at different paces. The students who are using the new tool in

55、 some courses are also happy. They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn (such as listening to stories and watching movies). The class has become much more interesting and creative. There are other advantages for students. By using iPads, they can pay more attention to the material and learn more. Teaching notes