高中英語(yǔ)省略句

1、2021/8/141Unit 2 GrammarEllipsis(省略省略)Module 82021/8/142一、 省略句的定義 省略是為了避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種語(yǔ)法修辭手段。省略在語(yǔ)言中，尤其在對(duì)話中，是一種十分普遍的現(xiàn)象。 2021/8/143二、 句子成分的省略-why-why省略前提：主謂賓，定狀表，如有重復(fù)可刪掉。省略原則：詞語(yǔ)省略后，不致令人費(fèi)解。省略類型： 1. 心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡(jiǎn)單句中)； 2. 承前省后型(用于對(duì)話、并列句和動(dòng)詞不定式中)； 3. 可有可無(wú)型(用于賓從中的that、定從中作賓語(yǔ) 的whom,which,that和某些狀

2、從中); 4. 虛擬倒裝型(只用于需要倒裝的虛擬條件句中)。2021/8/144三、句子成分的省略情況-how 1.省略主語(yǔ)，主謂語(yǔ)或主謂的一部分2.省略不定式符號(hào)to3.省略作賓語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)4.省略狀語(yǔ)從句中的S+be5.省略定從、賓從中的引導(dǎo)詞6.省略虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的if和should7.省略名詞性從句或從句的部分用not,so,neither,nor“替代”2021/8/145 1.省略主語(yǔ)、主謂語(yǔ)或主謂的一部分心照不宣型心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡(jiǎn)單句中用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡(jiǎn)單句中) .2021/8/1461.省略主語(yǔ)、主謂語(yǔ)或主謂的一部分承前省后型承前省后型(用于對(duì)話、并列句

3、和動(dòng)詞不定式中用于對(duì)話、并列句和動(dòng)詞不定式中)2021/8/1471.作使役及感官動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)的不定式須省作使役及感官動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)的不定式須省to,但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中須將中須將to復(fù)原。復(fù)原。2.省略不定式符號(hào)省略不定式符號(hào)to 2021/8/148 2）do nothing but do只（做某事)，cant but do(不得不), cant help but do(只能做某事，不得不做)，had better,may well (很可能),may as well(不妨)等固定搭配常接省略to的不定式。 E.g. We didnt do anything but stay at hom

4、e watching TV yesterday. Hearing the news, she couldnt help but cry.2.省略不定式符號(hào)省略不定式符號(hào)to 2021/8/1493.省略省略作賓語(yǔ)的作賓語(yǔ)的不定式不定式短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 省略省略在在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate等后等后作賓語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)，只保留只保留to，但如果該賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)，但如果該賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞詞be或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在之后或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在之后加上加上be或或have :(1) Are you going there?-Yes, Id like to(2)

5、He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to(3) Are you an engineer? -No, but I want .(4) He hasnt finished the task yet. -Well, he ought .(go there).(give me the chance).to beto have2021/8/14101.在在if, unless,when, while,once,though, as 等引導(dǎo)的等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從狀語(yǔ)從句中，句中，從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可，可省

6、省去去“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+be”(1)When still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night.(2)She tried her best though rather poor in health.(3)While cycling, dont forget the traffic lights. 騎車時(shí)，不要忘記看紅綠燈。騎車時(shí)，不要忘記看紅綠燈。(you are)(you)(he was)(she was)2021/8/1411 2.) 英語(yǔ)中有一些固定的省略結(jié)構(gòu)： 在以if, unless,when, while,once,though, as if

7、（好象）等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句中，如從句中的主要?jiǎng)釉~是be ，常將主語(yǔ)it 和動(dòng)詞be 省略。 If necessary, we shall send a telegram home. 如有必要，我們就往家里打電報(bào)。 Whenever possible, he will come to my help. 他一有可能就來(lái)幫助我。it isit is2021/8/14125.省略定省略定從、賓從、賓從中的從中的引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)詞詞 2021/8/14131.)1.)連詞連詞ifif在虛擬條件句中省略在虛擬條件句中省略后后, ,從句從句語(yǔ)序有變語(yǔ)序有變化?；?。(3） ） , what should we do?

8、, they would certainly have come and help us. (2) , I would do the work betterHad they had timeIfthey had had time 6.省略虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的省略虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的if和和shouldIf I were youWere I youIfthere should be a floodShould there be a flood2021/8/1414(should)2. 2.）在含有表示）在含有表示“一堅(jiān)持二命令、三建議、四要求等詞后一堅(jiān)持二命令、三建議、四要求等詞后的名詞性從句中使用的名詞性從句

9、中使用“（shouldshould） + + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：擬語(yǔ)氣。如：6.省略虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的省略虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的if和和should2021/8/14157.省略省略名詞性名詞性從句或從句的部分從句或從句的部分用用not,so,neither,nor “替代替代”省略名詞性從句或從句的部分，可用省略名詞性從句或從句的部分，可用so so 或或 notnot代替。常代替。常用于此類的動(dòng)詞有用于此類的動(dòng)詞有believe , think, expect, guess, believe , think, expect, guess, hope, imagine, suppos

10、e, say, tellhope, imagine, suppose, say, tell等以及等以及appear, appear, seem, afraid etc.seem, afraid etc.(4) Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess not.(1) Is he coming back tonight? -I think so(2) She must be busy now? -If so, she cant go with us.(3) Is she feeling better today? -Im afraid n

11、ot.2021/8/14161. havent seen you for ages.2. sounds like a good idea.3. sorry to hear that.4. this way, please!5. joining us for a walk?6. some more tea?7. doesnt matter.8. pity you couldnt come.9. terrible weather!10. going to the supermarket?Exercise IItI amwalkWould you likeWould you likeItIt is

12、aWhat/SuchAre you2021/8/1417exercise She can swim under water longer than I can swim under water.2.They discussed whether they should stay in the house or they should try the open air.3.They had a meal, they went out for a walk and then they came back to sleep. 4. Dont bathe if you dont to bathe.5.I

13、 dont visit my parents as much as I ought to visit my parents. 2021/8/1418Rewrite these sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts. The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.(_)2021/8/1419 2. A boy was on the left side of the sick woman, and a girl was on the right side

14、of the sick woman. 3. She has a daughter who is in hospital. 4. He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor .(_) (_)(_)5. Did she pass the first aid test that she did yesterday or didnt she pass?or not.2021/8/14206. She could not decided whether to send him to hospital or not to send hi

15、m to hospital .7. When your nose is bleeding, you should bend forward so that the blood runs out of your nose and the blood doesnt run down your throat.8. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course .not down your throat.2021/8/14212

16、.These sentences are correct. However, one or more words have been left out. Can you tell your partner which words are missing ?1) The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government. The temple (which is) surrounded by awall belongs to the local government.2021/8/1422 2) The first book

17、I read this term was more interesting than the second. The first book (that) I read this term was more interesting than the second (book that I read this term).2021/8/14233) To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than expected. To her teachers surprise, she didbetter in her f

18、irst aid exam than (she was) expected (to do).2021/8/1424 4) I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have. I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have (returned from the hospital).2021/8/1425 5) He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend

19、 didnt. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt (want to help the accident victim).2021/8/1426 6) You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to. You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to (borrow my first aid notes).2021/8/1427 7) Sounds like a good idea. (It) sounds like

20、 a good idea. 8) Anything I can do for you? (Is there) anything I can do for you?2021/8/14281.-Does your brother intend to study German? -Yes, he intends_. A/ B.to C.so D.that2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not

21、 to 3. -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losingB.A.C.2021/8/14294.If_,well continue our experiment after office hours. A.being necessary B.be necessary C.is necessary D.necessary6. Generally speaking, _according to directions, th

22、e drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when takenC. when to take D. when to be taken5.- Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? - _. A. I dont believe B. I dont believe itC. I believe not so D. I believe not D.D.B.2021/8/14307. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, a

23、nd_. A. the other is white B. another whiteC. the other white D. another is white8. - Would you like some wine? - Yes, just _. A. little B. very little C. a little D. a fewC.C.2021/8/1431Choose the best answers.1)-Tomorrow is a holiday. Why areyou doing your homework? -I am doing these exercises now so that I wont have _ on Sunday. A. it B. them C. for D. to2021/8/14322)-Shall I invite Ann to my birthdayparty tomorrow evening?