《海洋環(huán)境保護(hù)法》word版

1、. Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (Adopted at the 24th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress on August 23, 1982; revised at the 13th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on Decemb

2、er 25, 1999 and promulgated by Order No.26 of the President of the People's Republic of China on December 25, 1999) Contents Chapter I General Provisions Chapter II Supervision and Control over the Marine Environment Chapter III Marine Ecological Protection Chapter IV Prevention and Control of P

3、ollution Damage to the Marine Environment Caused by Land-based Pollutants Chapter V Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment Caused by Coastal Construction Projects Chapter VI Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment Caused by Marine Constructi

4、on Projects Chapter VII Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment Caused by Dumping of Wastes Chapter VIII Prevention and Control of Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment Caused by Vessels and Their Related Operations Chapter IX Legal Liabilities Chapter X Supplementa

5、ry Provisions Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 This Law is enacted to protect and improve the marine environment, conserve marine resources, prevent pollution damages, maintain ecological balance, safeguard human health and promote sustainable economic and social development. Article 2 This La

6、w shall apply to the internal waters, territorial seas, contiguous zones, exclusive economic zones and continental shelves of the People's Republic of China and all other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China. All units and individuals engaged in navigation, expl

7、oration, exploitation, production, tourism, scientific research or other operations in the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, or engaged in operations in the coastal land areas which have impact on the marine environment shall comply with this Law. This Law shall

8、 also apply to pollution to the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China originating from areas beyond the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China. Article 3 The State shall establish and put into practice a system of controlling the total

9、 sea-disposal pollution discharge for the key sea areas, determine the standards for controlling the total sea-disposed main pollutants discharge and shall assign controlled pollution discharges to key pollution sources. The specific measures therefor shall be formulated by the State Council. Articl

10、e 4 All units and individuals shall have the obligation to protect the marine environment and have the right to supervise and expose the act of any unit or individual that causes pollution damage to the marine environment, as well as the act of any functionary engaged in marine environment supervisi

11、on and control that constitutes a neglect of duty in violation of the law. Article 5 The administrative department in charge of environment protection under the State Council, as the department to exercise unified supervision and control over the nation-wide environment protection work, shall guide,

12、 co-ordinate and supervise the nation-wide marine environment protection work and be responsible for preventing and controlling marine pollution damages caused by land-based pollutants and coastal construction projects. The State oceanic administrative department shall be responsible for the supervi

13、sion and control over the marine environment, organize survey, surveillance, supervision, assessment and scientific research of the marine environment and be responsible for the nation-wide environment protection work in preventing and controlling marine pollution damages caused by marine constructi

14、on projects and dumping of wastes in the sea. The State administrative department in charge of maritime affairs shall be responsible for the supervision and control over marine environment pollution caused by non-military vessels inside the port waters under its jurisdiction and non-fishery vessels

15、and non-military vessels outside the said port waters, and be responsible for the investigation and treatment of the pollution accidents. In the event of a pollution accident caused by a foreign vessel navigating, berthing or operating in the sea under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic o

16、f China, inspection and treatment shall be conducted on board the vessel in question. Where the pollution accident caused by a vessel results in fishery damages, the competent fishery administrative department shall be invited to take part in the investigation and treatment. The State fishery admini

17、strative department shall be responsible for the supervision and control over the marine environment pollution caused by non-military vessels inside the fishing port waters and that caused by fishing vessels outside the fishing port waters, be responsible for the protection of ecological environment

18、 in the fishing zones, and shall investigate and handle the fishery pollution accidents other than those specified in the preceding paragraph. The environmental protection department of the armed forces shall be responsible for the supervision and control over the marine pollution caused by military

19、 vessels and for the investigation and handling of the pollution accidents caused by military vessels. The functions and responsibilities of the departments empowered to conduct marine environment supervision and control under the coastal local people's governments at or above the county level s

20、hall be determined by the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government in accordance with this Law and the relevant regulations of the State Council. Chapter II Supervision and Control over the Marine Environment Article 6 The

21、State oceanic administrative department shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council and the people's governments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, work out a national marine functional zonation sche

22、me and submit it to the State Council for approval. The coastal local people's governments shall, in accordance with the national and local marine functional zonation schemes, make use of the sea areas in a scientific and rational way. Article 7 The State shall draw up, in accordance with the ma

23、rine functional zonation scheme, national marine environment protection plan and regional marine environment protection plans in key sea areas. The relevant people's government of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government adjacent to key s

24、ea areas and the departments empowered to conduct marine environment supervision and control may set up regional co-operation organizations for marine environment protection which shall be responsible for the implementation of regional marine environment protection plans in key sea areas as well as

25、for the prevention and control of marine environment pollution and the marine ecological conservation work. Article 8 Trans-regional marine environment protection problems shall be solved through consultations by the relevant coastal local people's governments or be solved through coordination b

26、y the people's government at the higher level. Major trans-department marine environment protection work shall be coordinated by the administrative department in charge of environment protection under the State Council. The problems that fail to be settled through coordination shall be submitted

27、 to the State Council for decision. Article 9 The State shall work out the national marine environment quality standards in accordance with the marine environment quality conditions and the economic and technological level of the country. The people's governments of the coastal provinces, autono

28、mous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may work out the local marine environment quality standards for those items not specified in the national marine environment quality standards. The coastal local people's governments at various levels shall, in accordance with

29、 the stipulations laid down in the national and local marine environment quality standards and the coastal sea area environment quality conditions in their respective administrative areas, work out their marine environment protection targets and tasks, incorporate them into their respective governme

30、nt work plans and exercise control thereover in accordance with the corresponding marine environment quality standards. Article 10 In working out the national and local water pollutant discharge standards, the national and local marine environment quality standards shall be taken as one important ba

31、sis. For the key sea areas where the State has established and put into practice the system of controlling the total sea-disposed pollution discharge, the standards for controlling the total sea-disposed main pollutants discharge shall also be taken as an important basis in determining the water pol

32、lutant discharge standards. Article 11 All units and individuals discharging directly pollutants into the sea must pay pollutant discharge fees in accordance with the State regulations. Whoever dumps wastes in the sea must pay dumping fees in accordance with the State regulations. Pollutant discharg

33、e fees and dumping fees levied in accordance with the provisions of this Law must be used for the prevention and control of marine environment pollution and may not be appropriated for any other purposes. Specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council. Article 12 In case of any pollutant

34、 discharge in excess of the standards, or failure to accomplish the pollutant discharge reduction task within a limited period of time, or any fault resulting in serious marine environment pollution damage, a deadline for remedy shall be prescribed. The deadline for remedy shall be determined in acc

35、ordance with the limits of power prescribed by the State Council. Article 13 The State shall strengthen the research and development of science and technology in the field of prevention and control of marine environment pollution damages and shall put into practice an elimination system with regard

36、to any out-of-date production techniques and equipment that cause serious marine environment pollution damages. Enterprises shall give priority to the introduction of clean energies and clean production technology with higher resources utilization ratio and less pollutant discharges, so as to preven

37、t pollution to the marine environment. Article 14 The State administrative department in charge of maritime affairs shall manage in accordance with the State environmental monitoring and supervisory norms and standards the investigation, monitoring and supervision of the nation-wide marine environme

38、nt and work out specific measures of implementation, and shall organize, in conjunction with the relevant departments, nation-wide marine environment monitoring and supervision network, conduct regular assessment of marine environment quality and release regular sea cruise supervision dispatches. De

39、partments empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control shall be responsible for the monitoring and supervision of the water areas under their respective jurisdiction. Other relevant departments shall, in accordance with the division of work under the nation-wide marine

40、 environment monitoring network, be respectively responsible for the mouths of rivers that empty into the sea and the main pollutant discharge outlets. Article 15 Relevant departments of the State Council shall provide the administrative department in charge of environment protection under the State

41、 Council with the marine environment monitoring data necessary for the compilation of national environment quality bulletins. The administrative department in charge of environment protection shall provide relevant departments with data relating to marine environment supervision and administration.

42、Article 16 The State administrative department in charge of maritime affairs shall, in accordance with the environment monitoring and supervision information management system formulated by the State, be responsible for the management of the comprehensive marine information system and render service

43、s to the supervision and control over the marine environment protection. Article 17 Any unit or individual that has caused or may possibly cause marine environment pollution because of an accident or any other contingency must immediately adopt effective measures, promptly inform all parties that ar

44、e potentially endangered, report to the department empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control and accept investigation and treatment. Coastal local people's government at or above the county level must, whenever the offshore environment within their administratio

45、n is seriously polluted, adopt effective measures to relieve or mitigate the pollution damage. Article 18 The State shall, in accordance with the necessity to prevent marine environment pollution, draw up State contingency schemes to cope with major marine pollution accidents. The State oceanic admi

46、nistrative department shall be responsible for drawing up a State contingency scheme to cope with any major oil spill accidents on the sea caused by offshore oil exploration and exploitation and report to the administrative department in charge of environment protection under the State Council for t

47、he record. The State administrative department in charge of maritime affairs shall be responsible for drawing up a contingency scheme to cope with any nation-wide major vessel oil spill accidents on the sea and report to the administrative department in charge of environment protection under the Sta

48、te Council for the record. All units in the coastal areas where marine environment pollution accidents may happen shall draw up in accordance with the State regulations contingency schemes to cope with pollution accidents and report to the local administrative departments respectively in charge of e

49、nvironment protection and maritime affairs for the record. The coastal people's governments at or above county level and the relevant departments thereunder shall relieve or mitigate damages in accordance with the contingence schemes in case of any major marine pollution accidents. Article 19 De

50、partments empowered by this Law to conduct marine environment supervision and control may conduct joint law enforcement operations on the sea. In their monitoring cruise, whenever any marine pollution accident or act of violation of the provisions of this Law is discovered, they shall check it, cond

51、uct on-the-spot investigation, collect evidence, and if necessary, have the power to adopt effective measures to prevent the spread of pollution, and in the meantime report the case to the relevant competent department for the treatment. Departments empowered by this Law to conduct marine environmen

52、t supervision and control have the right to conduct on-the-spot inspections of the units and individuals discharging pollutants within the sphere of their jurisdiction. Those under inspection shall report the situation faithfully and provide necessary data. Inspection departments shall keep the tech

53、nical and business knowhow of the inspected secret. Chapter III Marine Ecological Protection Article 20 The State Council and the coastal local people's governments shall adopt effective measures to protect typical and representative marine ecosystems such as mangroves, coral reefs, coastal wetl

54、ands, islands, bays, estuaries and important fishery waters, protect sea areas where rare and dying out marine organisms are naturally and densely scattered, protect habitats of marine organisms having important economic value, and protect marine natural historic relics and natural landscapes having

55、 great scientific and cultural significance. Efforts shall be made to renovate and restore damaged marine ecosystems having important economic and social values. Article 21 The relevant departments of the State Council and the coastal people's governments at provincial level shall, in accordance

56、 with the need for marine ecosystem conservation, delimit and establish marine nature reserves. The establishment of marine nature reserves at state level shall be subject to approval by the State Council. Article 22 A marine nature reserve shall be established where one of the following situations

57、exists: (1)being a typical marine physiographic area as well as a representative natural ecosystem area, or an area where the natural ecosystem has been damaged to some extent, but may be recovered through efforts of conservation; (2)being an area with higher marine biodiversity, or an area where ra

58、re and dying out marine species are naturally and densely scattered; (3)being a sea area, seashore, island, coastal wetland, estuary, bay or the like with special conservation; (4)being an area where marine natural remains of great scientific and cultural values are located; or (5)any other area calling for special conservation. Article 23 For any area having special geographic conditions, ecosystem, living or non-living resources and where the marine development and exploitation have special needs, a marine special reserve may be established, so that a special management ma