高三定語從句說課

1、高三英語定語從句第一輪復習說課稿一對教材分析定語從句是高考中一個非常重要的考點，高考試卷中幾乎每個大題都能見到它的身影。掌握好定語從句不但能夠在單選、完形填空，閱讀理解中得到高的分數(shù)，而且對于書面表達的完成也有非常重要的作用，定語從句的使用會讓閱卷的老師眼前一亮，作文檔次就提高了。所以定語從句是高三復習中的重中之重。二對學生的分析由于我校學生英語基礎較薄弱，詞匯量嚴重不足，不少學生連初中最簡單的語法都不懂，所以這節(jié)課設計比較簡單，讓絕大部分學生掌握定語從句的最基本的用法和把握高考的方向。三教學目標知識目標 1. 使學生充分明確什么是定語，什么是從句，以及由此構成的定語從句的概念及性質。 2.

2、掌握定語從句中的先行詞，關系詞的概念，以及在定語從句中的使用。水平目標 1. 通過這堂課的講解練習，學生能夠清楚的掌握定語從句的用法。 2.對于易混知識點能夠做到各個擊破，不會再混淆各個知識點之間的使用。四重點難點重點 關系代詞和關系副詞的用法。 難點 如何選擇連接詞。五教學過程設計導入設計 采用一個簡單的句子引出定語從句，了解什么是先行詞，什么是關系詞以及關系詞的作用及分類。There was an earthquake which happenedin Tangshan in 1976.然后讓學生了解各個關系代詞在定語從句中的替代成分，這兒特別強調關系代詞充當賓語時能夠省略，介詞不提前的情

3、況下。考點一:定語從句的基本用法1 關系詞的作用(1)關系詞的作用有三個:連接作用:關系代詞引導從句，把它和主句連接起來；替代作用:關系代詞在從句中替代它前面的先行詞；成分作用:關系代詞在從句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語成分。關系副詞在從句中充當狀語試比較下面的句子:Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao?你還記得我們一起在青島度過的日子嗎？Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?你還記得我們在青島過

4、暑假的日子嗎？2.易混關系代詞辨析(1)關系代詞that和which先行詞是物時，關系代詞that，which一般能夠通用，但也有區(qū)別。1)只能用that的情況先行詞為指物的不定代詞(all, nothing, the one, much等)或被不定代詞修飾時，如:You can take any seat that is free.Tell us all that you know.先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時，如:That is the first composition that I've written in English.先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時，如:T

5、his is the best way that has been used against pollution.當人和物同為先行詞時，如:Everyone wants to see the spaceship and the spaceman that made the flight around the earth.關系代詞在從句中作表語時，如:He is no longer the man (that) he used to be.先行詞被the only，the very修飾時，如:That is the very pen (that) I am looking for.2)只能用wh

6、ich的情況關系代詞前有介詞時，如:Here is the book about which I told you yesterday.非限制性定語從句中，如:The weather turned out to be very good, which was better than we could expect.3). who和that先行詞是人時，關系代詞可用 who(m)，that引導定語從句，但下列情況一般用who，而不用that。先行詞是one，ones，anyone或anybody，those時，如:Anyone who breaks the law should be punis

7、hed.一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個的關系詞是that時，如:The student that won the first prize is the monitor who speaks English best in our class.4).whose既可指人，也可指物，在從句中作定語。如：George Orwell，whose real name was Eric Arthur，wrote many political novels.（the real name of whom)The librarian refused to accept the book，whose cove

8、r was gone when it was returned. (the cover of which)3關系代詞的省略作賓語的關系代詞可以省略，但前面不能有介詞。如：This is the man ( who/whom/that) we have talked about.This is the man about whom we have talked .1. I know the reason _ he came late.2. Do you know the woman, _son went to college last year?3. The house _ color is r

9、ed is Johns.4. This is the best film _ Ive ever seen.5. Thats the town _ he worked in 1987.6. I have 2 brothers, _ are both soldiers.7. Next week, _ youll spend in your hometown ,is coming.8. Ive tried 2 pairs of shoes, neither of _ fits me well.4.關系副詞的用法1當先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時，要用關系副詞。其中when表示時間的介詞(如：in，at，

10、during等)which；where表示地點的介詞(如：in，at，on，under等)which；whyforwhich。如：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (whenon which)Can you tell me the office where he works? (wherein which)Do you know the reason why he is absent? (whyfor which)5.高考對關系副詞where的考查高考試題中對于where的考查趨于復雜，從先行詞由“明顯的地點”轉為“地

11、點的模糊化”。如先行詞為case,conditon,situation,point和stage等時，定語從句中缺狀語，用where引導定語從句The accident had reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in.事情發(fā)展到如此程度，不得不請雙方家長來一趟了。The shop _ I bought the book is big.The shop _ I bought the book in is big.The shop _ is located nearby my house is big.The r

12、eason _ he was late is unkown.The reason _ he told me for his absence is not true.考點二 “介詞which/whom”中介詞的選擇關系代詞前面的介詞使用是根據(jù)與名詞前面的動詞搭配關系和介詞的搭配關系及句子結構上的需要而定的。如：We'll never forget the day on which we went camping. The woman to whom we spoke is from the USA. This is the person(whom)you are looking for.

13、考點三：限制性和非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句起修飾限制的作用，是主句不可缺少的一部分，與先行詞無逗號隔開，翻澤成中文常譯成前置定語。如：Those who want to go sign their names on the paper.那些想去的人把他們的名字簽在紙上。非限制性的定語從句對先行詞起補充說明的作用，省去不影響句子意思，常用逗號隔開，翻譯成中文時，常譯成并列分句。如：This note was left by John, who was here a moment ago.這便條是約翰留的，他剛才還在這兒。關系代詞as和which引導的非限制性定語從句在非限制性定語從句中，as

14、既可指人又可指物,引導的從句子可位于句中、句首、句末，指整個句子，而which不僅可指整個句子還可以指單個名詞。as有正如，而 which 沒有這個意思：The meeting，which was held in the park，was a success.The meeting was a success，as was expected.注意：why和that不能引導非限制性定語從句。 在非限制性定語從句中，關系詞都不能省略。3注意way后接定語從句的情況(1)當先行詞是way意為“方式、方法”時，在定語從句作狀語，引導定語從句的關系詞有下列三種形式。如：What surprised me

15、 was not what he said but the way thatin which不填he said it.使我感到驚奇的不是他說了什么，而是他說話的方式?？键c四：定語從句中的主謂一致關系詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞要與先行詞保持一致。如：I，who am your friend，will leave for Beijing tomorrow.在非限制性定語從句中，which和as指代一個句子時，從句謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Mary is often late for class，which makes our teacher very unhappy.當先行詞被the onl

16、y/the very修飾時，從句謂語動詞用單數(shù)，若僅有one of修飾時則從句的謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：He is one of the students who want to be a doctor in the future.He is the only one of the students who wants to be a doctor in the future.Lets practice(鞏固練習)1. ( ) These are the people and places I wrote about in my last novel.A. which B. who C. that D. what2. ( ) I will never forget the days I spent in Beijing.A. which B. what C. when D. where3. ( ) I will never forget the days I studied in Beijing.A. why B. for w