初中英語可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)規(guī)則(共7頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)規(guī)則及練習題1. 可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞： 英語的名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。表示可以計數(shù)的事物的名詞叫可數(shù)名詞，一般有單數(shù)和復數(shù)形式兩種形式?？蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)的規(guī)則為：1）一般情況下，在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式后面加字母-s構成復數(shù)形式。如：bookbooks； penpens； erasererasers2）以字母x；s；ch；sh結尾的單詞，其復數(shù)形式是在單詞后面加字母-es。如：busbuses；boxboxes；watchwatches3）以輔音字母結尾的可數(shù)名詞，其復數(shù)形式是把字母變?yōu)閕再加-es。如：babybabies； coun

2、trycountries； citycities注意：如果是以元音字母y結尾的單詞則直接加字母-s。如：boyboys；toytoys4）以字母f或者fe結尾的可數(shù)名詞，其復數(shù)形式是先把字母f變?yōu)関再加-es。如：wifewives；leafleaves；knifeknives5）以字母o結尾的可數(shù)名詞，其復數(shù)形式一般加-s，或es。如：photophotos，radioradios，piano pianos， tomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes6）一些特殊變化的復數(shù)形式。 如：man/womanmen/women； childchildren；footfeet；too

3、thteeth；mousemice7）有些名詞的單復數(shù)形式相同：如：sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese，yuan（元）， jin （斤） 注意：有些集體名詞本身既表示單數(shù)意義又表示復數(shù)意義。當這些名詞指代一個單位、機構或被看成一個整體時，作單數(shù)形式理解；如果表示這個群體的所有成員，通常被看作復數(shù)。常用的這類詞有：class 班級； team 隊（員）； family 家庭/人； government 政府； group 組（員）The family is not large. 這個家庭不大。（指家庭這個整體）The family are all music lovers.

4、這一家人都是音樂愛好者。（指家庭中的成員）Almost all families in this village have taken part in the program. （指多個家庭）在這個村莊幾乎所有家庭都參加了這個節(jié)目。2不可數(shù)名詞“量”的表示方法1）用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少。如：The rich man has a lot of money那個富人有很多錢。There is some milk in the bottle瓶子里有一些牛奶。Is there any water in the glass？杯子里

5、有一些水嗎？I don't like winter because there's too much snow and ice我不喜歡冬天，因為有太多的冰和雪。2）用a piece of 這類定語修飾不可數(shù)數(shù)名詞.。a piece of paper ; a piece of wood; a piece of bread a bottle of orange ; a glass of water（milk）; a cup of tea 如果要表示“兩杯茶”、“四張紙”這類概念時，在容器后加復數(shù)。two cups of tea; four pieces of paper; thre

6、e glasses of water; three bags of rice3. 名詞所有格 名詞所有格是中考的重點。名詞所有格表示人或者事物的所有及所屬關系，在句子中作定語。1）表示人或者有生命的名詞的所有格的形式，單數(shù)名詞的后面加“-s”。如：This is my fathers car. 這是我父親的汽車。2）表示集體、時間、距離、世界、國家等名詞的所有格也可以用“-s”形式。如：Is there anything strange in todays newspaper? 今天報紙上有什么特別的消息嗎？3）表示無生命的名詞所有格要用of名詞的形式，有時也用于有生命的名詞。如：Look a

7、t the map of China, please. 請看這張中國地圖。I know the girls name/ the name of the girl. 我知道這個女孩的名字。注意：1）用連詞and連接兩個并列的單數(shù)名詞表示共同所有關系時，只在最后一個名詞的后面加“-s”，如：This is Li Lei and Li Pings father. 這是李雷和李平的父親。（兩個人共同的父親）如果兩個名詞分別所有，則在兩個名詞的后面分別加 “-s”，如：These are Li Leis and Li pings books. 這些是李雷和李平的書。（兩個人各自所有）2）以s或es結尾的

8、復數(shù)名詞，其所有格只在字母s的后面加“”；而不以s結尾的復數(shù)名詞的所有格形式仍然要加“-s”。如：Its about ten minutes walk from my home to my school. 從我家到學校步行大約十分鐘。 Here is the Childrens Palace. 這里是少年宮。 3）雙重所有格：“of +名詞的-s所有格/名詞性物主代詞”構成雙重所有格。如果在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數(shù)詞、不定代詞或指示代詞時，常用雙重所有格。 例如：Tom is a friend of my fathers. 湯姆是我父親的一位朋友。I gave him two photos

9、 of mine. 我給了他我的兩張照片。鞏固練習1. Mr. Black gave us _ on how to learn English well. A. an advice B. many advices C. some advice D. some advices2. You can get much _ about the World Expo on the Internet. A. map B. picture C. ticket D. information3. I saw many _ eating grass on the hill. A. horse B. cow C.

10、rabbit D. sheep4. I dont think looking after children is just work. A. womanB. womans C. women D. womens5. The hospital is a bit far from here. Its about _.A. forty minutes walk B. forty minutes walk C. forty minutes walks D. forty minutes walk6. There are a lot of _ planting trees on the hill.A. bo

11、y B. people C. girl D. student7. Your English is very good. Who taught you? Nobody. I taught _.A. me B. him C. himself D. myself8. Listen! The _ are singing in the next room.A. twins babies B. twin babies C. twins baby D. twins baby9. We all think football is not only _ game. Some girls like footbal

12、l, too.A. a boys B. boys C. boys D. the boys10. There are a lot of yellow _ on the tree when autumn comes.A. leafs B. leavesC. apple D. banana11. There are about one hundred teachers in our school. Two thirds of them are _.A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher12 They

13、are thirsty. Will you please give them _ ? Certainly.A. some bottles of waters   B. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of water     D. some bottle of waters13Mike hurt one of his _ in the accident yesterday.A. tooth   B. feet   C. hand   D

14、. ear14There is some _ on the plate.A. cakes   B. meat   C. potato   D. pears15The_ has two _ .A. boys; watches   B. boy; watch   C. boy; watches   D. boys; watchII. 用括號中所給的詞的適當形式填空。1. Please take some _ (medicine) and stay in bed for two d

15、ays.2. The baby has already had four _ (tooth) when she was seven months old.3. Could you help me to clean the fallen _ (leaf) on the ground?4. We need a lot of _ (dictionary) in our class. Could you buy some for us?5. We had better take three _ (week) holidays after the hard work.6.Whose car is thi

16、s? I think it must be your _ (father).7. I hear the yellow car is _ (Dave and Jane).Is it right?8. Our teacher is very angry with your brother because he made many _ (mistake) in his homework.9. There is a lot of _ (salt) in my soup. It is too salty to drink.10. The Olympic Flame was carried to diff

17、erent _ (city) in China.【答案與解析】I. 單項選擇。1.C。advice是不可數(shù)名詞，表示一些建議只能用C答案，表示一條建議（a piece of advice）。2. D。本題句意是“你能從因特網上得到大量有關世博會的信息”。information是不可數(shù)名詞，可以用much修飾，指“大量信息”。3. D。many 后面必須接可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)，只有sheep單復數(shù)相同，符合句意。4. D。本題考查名詞所有格，women是woman復數(shù)，不是以-s結尾的名詞所有格一般加-s, womens 指“婦女們的”。5. D。本題是考查名詞所有格和不可數(shù)名詞的用法。加-s構成的名

18、詞復數(shù)形式的所有格是minutes。forty minutes walk 意思為“步行40分鐘的路程”，walk是不可數(shù)名詞。6. B。在短語a lot of的后面用可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式或者不可數(shù)名詞。本句用there are則表示后面是用可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式，只有people是復數(shù)，所以選擇B。7. D。本題是考查反身代詞的用法。動詞taught和反身代詞連用表示“自學”的意思，反身代詞和前面作主語的人稱代詞應該一致，所以選擇D。8. B。本題是考查名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)的用法，名詞twin修飾后面的名詞作定語，在被修飾的名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式的時候，twin仍用單數(shù)，所以本題選擇B。9. C。本題是考查名詞所有格和冠詞的用法，從句意“我們都認為足球不僅僅是男孩的運動項目”推斷“男孩”是泛指，應該用復數(shù)，但不加定冠詞；名詞復數(shù)的所有格在s后加“”，所以選C。10. B。在短語a lot of的后面用可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式或不可數(shù)名詞，由are可知應該用名詞復數(shù)；leaf的復數(shù)形式是leaves，所以選B。11. A。本題是考查名詞作定語的用法。man/woman作定語的復合名詞其復數(shù)形式是兩個單詞都變化。所以woman teacher的復數(shù)形式是women teachers。12. B。表示“一些瓶水”的bot