現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解及理解練習(xí)知識(shí)題(含答案解析)

1、時(shí)態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have + 過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has ,其余用have.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式直接在助動(dòng)詞后面加上not、疑問(wèn)式是把助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前。以study為例，其否定式、疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)單回答形式如下：否定式疑問(wèn)式I have not (haven 't) studied .Have I studied？You have not (haven't) studied .Have you studied？He has not (hasn 't) studied.Has he studied？否定疑

2、問(wèn)式簡(jiǎn)單回答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven ' t I) studied ？Yes, you have. No, you haven' t.Have you not (Haven ' t you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I haven ' t.Has he not (Hasn ' t he) studied ?Yes, he has. No, he hasn ' t.(2)用法：1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常表示在 說(shuō)話之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該 動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的 結(jié)果或影響。My dau

3、ghter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I' m sure we ' ve met before.我肯定我們以前見(jiàn)過(guò)面。She has arrived.她至 U 了。2)表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如 recently, already, just, lately, for ,since ,yet 等。如:I haven ' t heard from her these days.這些日子我沒(méi)有收到她的信。We havent seen you recently.最近我們沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你。They have be

4、en away for two years.他們離開(kāi)已經(jīng)兩年了。She has beenwith us since Monday.汪后：1) since和for的區(qū)別since 后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如 1993 , last term, yesterday, the time I got there 。 for 后接一 段時(shí)間，表示"長(zhǎng)達(dá)多久"，如ten years, a while, two days 等。2. Jill has been in Ireland4. Mary is in her office.Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has

5、 been in Ireland Monday.three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.6. The bus isShe has been there 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.late. They've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.8. Mike has been ill a

6、long time. He has been in hospital October.2）表示短暫意義的動(dòng)詞如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die 等，在完成時(shí)當(dāng)中不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜膭?dòng)作不可能持續(xù)。因此，不能說(shuō)：He has come here for 2 weeks.x The old man has died for 4 months.They have left only for 5 minutes.以上三句話可以改為:He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has

7、for 4months. They have only for 5 minutes.3) have (has) been 和 have (has) gone 的區(qū)別：表示“曾到過(guò)某地"要用 "have (has)been "表示“已經(jīng)去某地"要用 "have (has) gone "。試比較：Where has he been? 他剛才到哪里去了？(已經(jīng)回來(lái)了)Where has hegone?他上哪兒去了 ？(人不在)They have been to Canada.他們到過(guò)加拿大。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大)They have gone

8、 to Canada.他們到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大).4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two daysago, just now, when I came in,但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等連用。例如：She has already come.她已經(jīng)來(lái)了。I haven ' t read it yet.我還沒(méi)讀過(guò)這個(gè)。I have m

9、et him before.我從前曾見(jiàn)過(guò)他。Ma Honghas always been a good student.馬紅直是個(gè)好學(xué)生。I haveoften seen him in the street.我經(jīng)常在街上看見(jiàn)他。They have never been to Yanan. 他們從未去過(guò)延安。I haven't seen him lately. 我近來(lái)沒(méi)看到他。Irregular VerbsBase FormPast FormPast Participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbr

10、ingbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemadema

11、deputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam, iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I already(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2.he(finish) his work tod

12、ay? Not yet.3. My father just(come) back from work. He is tired now.4.Where ' s Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher ' s office.5. I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6. So farI(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long the Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.8.I just(finish) my homework.9. He(

13、go) to school on foot every day.10. you(find) your science book yet?11. If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12.The students(read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey(climb) the tree.14.My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it anywhere?II.

14、 Choose the best answer.1. How long have you here?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. been2. My grandpa died.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was 6.3. Jane has to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. never been4. It is ten years I last saw her.A. afterB. sin

15、ceC. forD. that5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, havingD. have, had7. -Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and I friends since we were

16、very young.A. have madeB. have become C. have beenD. have turned8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking.Can I speak to Mr. Black?一 Sorry. He the Bainiao Park.A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to10. -you ever to th

17、e US?-Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, goD. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before.（改為否定句）I been to Macau before.2. He hasn ' t come to school because .he was,.ilj.（ 就劃線部分提問(wèn)）he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.（ 用 just 改寫）I just a new bike.

18、4. We began to learn English three years ago.（ 改為同義句 ）We English three years5. He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）6. They have been here since 2000.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）have they been here?7. The old man last year. He has for a year. (die)(動(dòng)詞填空)8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Miss Gao has an hour ago.IV. Ask the

19、 questions1) I have been there for two days.you?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3) He left here yesterday. he?4) They bought a book two hours ago. they a book?V . Use “ never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since" to fill in the blanks.1. I have seen him before, so I have no

20、idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ”"No, I have seen it. ”5. "Has the bus left? ”"Yes, it has left.”現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題及答案一、翻譯下列句子：1 .你曾經(jīng)吃過(guò)魚(yú)和薯?xiàng)l嗎？3.我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。5.你已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了嗎？7.這本字典我已買了三年了。9.我認(rèn)識(shí)他們五年了。11.自從他搬

21、到濟(jì)寧，他就住這兒了。已經(jīng)三年。13.自從1999年以來(lái)他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。了。2.我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書(shū)。4.他已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯6.我哥哥還沒(méi)回來(lái)。8.他離開(kāi)中國(guó)三年了。10.他們已去了美國(guó)五年了。12.我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生14.我來(lái)到這個(gè)學(xué)校已 3年多、用since和for填空1.two years2.two years ago3.last month4.5.yesterday6.4 o clock74 hours8.an hour ago9. we were children10.lunch time11.she1999left here12. He has lived in Nanjing the

22、year before last.13. I ve known him we were children.has studied Japanese three years.15. She has been away from the city about ten years.ten years she left the city.14. Our teacher16. It s about三、結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語(yǔ)。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to spf be in sp

23、 / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.HeBeijing for2) I moved to the USA in 2008.Ithe USA since3) I went home yesterday.Ihome for4) They came here last week.They here since come to / go back to / return to f be back togo out f be out1) He came

24、 out two years ago.He for.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We to Beijing since. become f be1) I became a teacher in 2000. I a teacher for2) The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for close f be closedopenbe open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop for2) The door opened at six in th

25、e morning.The door for sixhours. get up - be up ; die - be dead ; leave sp. f be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep f be asleep ; finish / end f be over ； marry f be married ; 1) I got up two hours ago.I since.2) He left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai for fiveminutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.

26、My grandpa for.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I since.6) They married in 1990.They since. start / begin to do sth. f do sth. ； begin f be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I at this school since.2) The film began two minutes ago.T

27、he film for. borrow f keep ; lose f not have ; buy f have ; put on f wear catch / get a cold f have a cold ; get to know f know 1) They borrowed it last week.They it since.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I a pen for3) I got to know him last year.I him since.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I

28、my glasses for. have / has gone tof have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the armyf be a league member /a Party member / a soldierf be a member of the league / the Partyf be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He a f

29、or two years.He a the for two years.He the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for.My brother in for two years.四、劃線提問(wèn)1) I have been there for two days.you?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3) He left here yesterday. he?4) They bought a book

30、two hours ago. they a book五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei?B: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I' m afraid he won ' t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry,

31、 I never there.A: How many times Li Fei to that place?B: He there only once.及go的各種形式填空。六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to1) Where is Jack? He his country.2) David the park just now.3) John England since he came back.4) How long they this village?5) The Smiths Beijing for years.6)you ever Amer

32、ica? - Yes, I there many times.7) I this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He the farm.9) When he? He an hour ago.10) Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I there before.11) Where you now? - I to the zoo.12) He often swimming.13)you there last year?14)they often skating in win

33、ter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ”"No, I have seen it. ”5. "Has the bus left? ”"Yes, it has left.”八

34、.用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1.She ' s(live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them(be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them(come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour(pass) since the train(leave).5. Mary(lose) her pen.you(see) it here and there?6. you(find) your watch yet?7. -Are you thirsty? -No I jus

35、t(have) some orange.8. We already(return) the book.9. they(build) a new school in the village?10. I(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father(read) the novel twice.12. I(buy) a book just now.13. I(lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father(read) this book since yesterday.答案2. I have just

36、lost my4. He has already had lunch.翻譯下列句子:1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?chemistry book.3. I have never been to the farm before.He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet?6. My brother hasnt come/get / been back yetMy brother hasn t returned yet.8.7. I have had this diction

37、ary for three years / since three years ago.Has been away from China for three years.9. I have known them for five years.10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.been in12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has college

38、for three years.13. They have known each other since 1999.14. I have been in this school for over three years.、用 since 或者for 填空1. for2. since3. since4. since5. since6. since7. for8 since9.since10. since11. since12.since13. since14.for15.for16. since三、結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語(yǔ) 1. has been in , fi

39、ve minutes2. have been in , 20083. have been at, two days4. have been , last week 1. have been out, two years2. have been back , yesterdayhas been , the army 1. have been , nine years2. has been , two years 1. has been closed , two hours2. has been open 1. have been up , two hours ago2. has been away from3. has been dead , seven years4. has been over5. have been asleep , two hours ago6. have been married ,1990 1. have taught , 19952. has been on , two minutes 1.