高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 代詞 北師大版選修9

1、高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)專題- 代詞 t一、考點(diǎn)聚焦 代詞分為九類：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、指示代詞疑問代詞、連接代詞、不定代詞、關(guān)系代詞。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的作用。1、人稱代詞（1）人稱代詞作主語(yǔ)用主格，作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)用賓格，但應(yīng)注意以下4中情況：作主語(yǔ)的人稱代詞如果孤立地使用于無(wú)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子中，或在這種句子中與動(dòng)詞不定式連用，常用賓格。Does any of you know where Tom lives?Me.What! Me (to)play him at chess? No!句子中代詞作賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與所替代的名詞在人稱、數(shù)、格在意義上一般要保持前后一致。Th

2、e thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格，故用he代替)They took me to be her.他們誤以為我是她。（me是賓格，故用her替代）作表語(yǔ)人稱代詞一般用賓格，但在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分代詞的格不變。I met her in the hospital.It was her who I met in the hospital.在比較級(jí)的句子中than、as后用主格、賓格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有區(qū)別。I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack

3、and her.I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too.(2)兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列，其次序排列原則：在并列主語(yǔ)中，“I”總是放在最后，排列順序?yàn)椋憾?三 一（人稱）。賓格me也一樣。You ,she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.第三人稱，男女兩性并用，男先女后。He and she still dont agree to the plan.(3)幾個(gè)人稱代詞的特殊用法。we/you(

4、口語(yǔ))常用來泛指一般人。she可以代表國(guó)家、船只、大地、月亮等。The “Titanic”was the largest, wasnt she?2.物主代詞（1）名詞和形容詞性物主代詞各自的語(yǔ)法功能。（2）ones own=.of ones own句式的轉(zhuǎn)換。（3）某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中常用定冠詞代替物主代詞。如： take sb. by the arm, be wounded in the leg.3.反身代詞（1）反身代詞的語(yǔ)法功能：賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。（2）反身代詞和某些動(dòng)詞連有，構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)。enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at

5、home, make oneself understood（3）反身代詞還可用于某些成語(yǔ)中。for oneself為自己或獨(dú)立地，of oneself自然地，自動(dòng)地by oneself獨(dú)自地，in oneself本身性質(zhì)，beside oneself喜怒哀愁至極This problem gets a chapter to itself.這個(gè)問題占了一章（獨(dú)有）。Just between ourselves, I dont think much of him.私下地說我并不怎么看重他。They were discussing about it among themselves.（相互共同）Lef

6、t to himself he began to write.別人走后只留下他，他寫了起來。Im very angry with myself.生自己的氣。4.相互代詞（each other, one another）相互代詞無(wú)人稱、數(shù)和格的區(qū)別，在句中作賓語(yǔ)。其所有格分別為each others 、one anothers ,作定語(yǔ)。一般來說，each other指兩者之間，one another指三者或三者以上之間，但現(xiàn)在區(qū)分已不明顯。5.指示代詞（this, that , these, those, such, same）指示代詞具有形容詞和代詞兩種詞性，在句子中可以作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或

7、表語(yǔ)等。（1）指示代詞this和that的區(qū)別。this (these)一般指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或物；that(those)常指時(shí)間或空間較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.this常指后面要講到的事物，有啟下的作用；that則指前面講到過的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this:the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday.

8、 Thats why he didnt come.為了避免重復(fù)，常用that或those代替前面已提過的名詞。The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.this在電話用語(yǔ)中作自我介紹，that詢問對(duì)方；this和that可以當(dāng)副詞用，意思相當(dāng)于副詞so。（2）such和same的用法。such指“這樣的”人或事，在句中作主語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。Such was the story.We have never seen such a tal

9、l building.same指“同樣的”人或事，在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)，same的前面要用定冠詞the.The same can be said of the other article.另一篇文章也是同樣的情況。（主語(yǔ)）Whether he can do it or not,it is all the same to me.他是否能做這事，對(duì)我來說都一樣。（表語(yǔ)）6、疑問代詞（who,whom,which,what,whose）疑問代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。（1）who/what詢問姓名或關(guān)系。Who is he? He is my brother./He is Henr

10、y.詢問職業(yè)或地位。What is he？ He is a lawyer/teacher.What/who 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于說話人的視點(diǎn)，可單數(shù)也可復(fù)數(shù)。What is /are on the table?Who is/are in the library?(2)which與who、whatwhich表示在一定范圍內(nèi)，而who、what則無(wú)此限制。I found two books on the desk.Which is yours?7.連接代詞和關(guān)系代詞連接代詞與疑問代詞的形式相同，主要有who、whom、whose、what、which以及它們與ever合成的代詞whoeve

11、r、whomever、whatever、whichever等。它們用來引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句，即連接復(fù)合句中的主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，以連接代詞引起的名詞性從句前不能再加that.關(guān)系代詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的代詞，它們包括who、whom、whose、which、that等。這兩類代詞的用法詳見“名詞性從句”和“定語(yǔ)從句”部分。8、不定代詞不定代詞主要有：all、each、every、both、either、neither、one、none、little、few、many、much、other、another、some、any、no等。還有由some、any、no和

12、every構(gòu)成合成代詞，不定代詞具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，并有可數(shù)和不可數(shù)之分，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等（every、no只能作定語(yǔ)）。下面介紹幾組主要不定代詞的用法與區(qū)別。（1）some與any一般用法：some、any可與單、復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞連有。some一般用于肯定句，any多用于疑問、否定或條件句。He has some Chinese paintings.(定語(yǔ))Some like sports,others like music.(主語(yǔ)) Ask me if you have any questions.(定語(yǔ))Do you have any que

13、stions to ask?(定語(yǔ))I dont know any of the students.（賓語(yǔ)）特殊用法：any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。Any child can do that.（定語(yǔ)）You may take any of them.（賓語(yǔ)）some用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“某一”。Smith went to some place in England.（定語(yǔ)）在期待對(duì)方回答yes 時(shí)，some用在表示請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)的問句中。Would you like some bananas?（邀請(qǐng)）Mum,could you give me some money?(請(qǐng)求)some 用于否

14、定句表示部分否定。I dont know some of the students.（賓語(yǔ)）some和any在句中還可作狀語(yǔ)，作副詞。some意為“大約”相當(dāng)于“about”,而any則表示程度，意為“稍，絲毫”。如：There are some 300 workers on strike.Do you feel any better today?(2)one,both,allone作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，可以指人或物，表示“一個(gè)”的意思，其復(fù)數(shù)為ones,指人時(shí)，其所有格是ones，反身代詞是oneself.One should try ones best to serve the peo

15、ple.(主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ))This is not the one I want.(表語(yǔ))one、ones可以代替上文提到過的名詞，以免重復(fù)，one、ones前面分別可以用this、that、these、those或the、which等詞修飾。如：These books are more interesting than those ones.Here are three pens.Which one is yours,this one or that one or the one in the pencil-box?both用作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)，可以指人或指物，表示“兩者都”的意思。Thi

16、s maths problem can be worked out in both ways.(定語(yǔ))Both of the boys are here.(主語(yǔ))We both are students.(同位語(yǔ))注意：both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定時(shí)，用neither。如：Both of us are not teachers.我們倆并不都是教師。Neither of us is a teacher. 我們倆都不是教師。both不能放在the、these、those、my等之后，而應(yīng)放在它們的前面。如：Both my parents like this film.Both t

17、he /these boys are tall.all用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)，指“全部的”、“整個(gè)的”，可與可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞連用，除少數(shù)情況外，一般不與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用時(shí)，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物。He gave me all the money.他把全部的錢給了我。All the schools are flooded.所有的學(xué)校都被淹了。I told him all about it. 我把一切都告訴了他。Thats all for today.今天就在這兒。They have all been to Xian.他們都去過西安。注意：

18、all 用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none。如：Not all the ants go out for food.(or:All the ants dont go out for food.)并不是所有的螞蟻都出去尋找食物。None of the money is mine.這錢一分也不是我的。（3）many和muchmany和much都表示“許多”，但many修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，much修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。much有時(shí)用作狀語(yǔ)。（4）few, little; a few, a littlefew和little表示沒有多少，含否定意義；而a fe

19、w 和a little表示有一些，有幾個(gè)，含肯定意義。另外，few、a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞；little、a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞。它們?cè)诰渲谐Ｓ米鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。（5）no和noneno=not any,表示“沒有”，用來修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，通常作定語(yǔ)，none代替不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；代替可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。none還可以在句中作賓語(yǔ)。注意：none既可以指人又可以指物，no one只能指人。（6）each和everyeach（各個(gè)），指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物，側(cè)重個(gè)體，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。every（每個(gè)），指

20、三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物，側(cè)重整體，在句中只能作定語(yǔ)。Every student in our class has a dictionary.(定語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)班上“所有的人”)Each student in our class has a dictionary.（定語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)個(gè)體）Each of them has been there.（主語(yǔ)）The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.（賓語(yǔ)）We each got a ticket.（同位語(yǔ)）（7）either和neithereither是“兩者中任何一個(gè)”的意思，可修飾或代替單數(shù)可

21、數(shù)名詞，neither是“兩者中沒有一個(gè)”的意思，可以修飾或代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，它們可在句在作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。如：Here are two pens. You may take either of them.(賓語(yǔ))Neither boy knows French.(定語(yǔ))注意：either也作副詞，其意為“也”，用于否定句的句末。He doesnlike tea, and I dont either.（狀語(yǔ)）either與or構(gòu)成連詞，意為“不是就是”或“要么要么”。He is either Japanese or Chinese. neither用作副詞，意為“也不”，即“noteithe

22、r”。He cant do it, neither can I. neither可與nor構(gòu)成連詞，意為“既不也不”。Neither he nor you are a student.（8）other和another, the others 和othersthe other表示“兩者中的另一個(gè)”；“the other + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“其余（他）的”；the others表示“其他的人或物”?！皁thers及other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”泛指“其他的（別的）人或物”。這些詞語(yǔ)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如：He got two books; one is textbook, the othe

23、r is a novel.Five of the pencils are red, the others(the other pens)are yellow.Some are singing, others are dancing.another修飾或代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，意為“（三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的）另一個(gè)”，不能指兩者中的另一個(gè)，在句中可作賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。This coat is too dark. Please show me another.(賓語(yǔ))Please give me another book.（定語(yǔ)）注意：another修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“再，又”。如：Please give me

24、another ten minutes. one another(a second) a thirdthe other意為“一個(gè)一個(gè)一個(gè)一個(gè)”用于三者或三者以上的排列。someothersothers，意為“一些一些一些”。%二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1. The Parkers bought a new house but_will need a lot of work before they can move in.(NMET 2001)A.they B.it C.one D.which解析：答案為B。分析題意可知，they顯然不合，which多引導(dǎo)從句，從此為并列句式，one表示泛指，而此

25、處空格內(nèi)容指代前面提到的the new house。要仔細(xì)區(qū)別代詞的所指范圍，是人還是物，單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，另應(yīng)注意句式。2If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay_$ 15.（NMET 2000）A.another B.other C.more D.each解析：答案為A。本題考查不定代詞用于表示數(shù)量附加的用法?！癮nother + 數(shù)字 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)通常用來表示在原有數(shù)量上的附加。若選C，正確結(jié)構(gòu)是“數(shù)詞 + more + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。掌握another和more與數(shù)字搭配的位置是此題關(guān)鍵。another放在數(shù)字前

26、，more放在數(shù)字后。NMET 1995中第25小題命題思路與此題一致。3. Few pleasures can equal _of a cool drink on a hot day.(NMET 1999)A.some B.any C.that D.those解析：答案為C。本題考查替代詞that的用法。that通常在句中替代同類的、特定的但不是同一的事物。本句中that替代the pleasure。句意為“在炎熱的夏天幾乎沒有任何樂趣能與飲一杯冷飲的樂趣相比”。that指代單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)用those，表示特指，以避免重復(fù)，在比較句型中較為常用，代替可數(shù)名詞時(shí)可換用the one。4

27、. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one解析：答案為C。本句考慣用法及代詞。Like是及物動(dòng)詞，需要賓語(yǔ)。此處“it”指模糊的情形或環(huán)境，無(wú)具體指代，其余項(xiàng)均不可。又如：I like it here（我喜歡這兒）。5.Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after hes done for you.A. something B. anything C. all D. that解析：答案為C。本題

28、考代詞及定語(yǔ)從句。整句意思；在你父親為你做了所有一切之后再說你父親（的壞話）是件令人不愉快的事。6.We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made from some wood we had.A. it B. one C. himself D. another解析：答案為B?？即~。全句意為：我們需要為廚房填個(gè)櫥柜，所以Peter用我們所擁有的木頭做了一個(gè)。代詞one替代上文的名詞a cupboard,非特指的指代，正合題意。it應(yīng)指代上文提到的同一事物，為特指，故不可。C項(xiàng)離題意太遠(yuǎn)，D項(xiàng)指“又”，“再”的意思，亦不可。 基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)

29、練1. New English-Chinese Dictionary has been republished several times,_ more up to date than the last edition. A. any B. everyone C. either D. each2. After paying 1,000 dollars_ ,you'll all become full members of our club. A. each B. all C. every D. both3._ was her cruelty that we all hated her.

30、 A. It B. What C. That D. Such4. Mary has been ill in bed for a week. I wonder if she is _ better now. A. much B. some C. any D. very5. -Which of these two ties will you take? -I don't like these. Do you have any_ ? A. one B. other C. ones D. others6. I' d rather ride a bike as bike riding h

31、as _ of the trouble of taking buses. A. much B. all C. neither D. none7. I need some blue ink today but there is _ at hand. A. not B. nothing C. a little D. none8. I found the very watch of mine _ I had left _ . A. where, it B. that, it C. which,one D. where,one9. I haven't got time to get the t

32、ickets. Who's going to _? A. do so B. do it C. buy it D. do them10. -Jack certainly has a high opinion of Susan. It can't be better than _of him. A. hers B. she C. that D. her11. -Shall we introduce _ fire-fighting equipment from abroad? -Go ahead, if necessary. A. other B. a few more C. ano

33、ther D. some other12. -How about the price of these refrigerators? -They are equal in price to, if not cheaper than,_ at the other stores. A. others B. it C. that D. the ones13. -I dislike _ when others laugh at me in public or speak ill of me behind. -So do I. A. them B. those C. it D. that14. -Whi

34、ch do you prefer, classical music or pop music? -_. I prefer folk music. A. Either B. Both C. None D. Neither15. Why don' t you trust and use old Tom? He is still as strong as _ in the team. A. nobody B. anybody else C. everybody D. somebody else強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練16. -Are the new methods taking any effect?-Ye

35、s,_ articles are stolen from our supermarket. A. few B. more C. some D. none17. During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the chairman,_ brought the room to disorder. A. it B. and which C. and that D. this18. I've just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the

36、 Wind in the bookshop opposite. Tom, go and buy_ back. A. one B. any C. it D. some19. -Do you have _ at home now? -No, we still have to get scores of eggs and some vegetables. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something20. Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes _ will be a boy. A. he B. tha

37、t C. it D. there21. Surely it's _ with the big nose you mean, not _! A. he, I B. him, me C. him, I D. he, me22. The temperature can fall to 30. _ is,30°C below freezing point. A. Which B. It C. That D. This23. -The exam was easy, wasn't it? -Yes, but I don' t think _ could pass it.

38、A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody24. Cut the apple into halves so that the twins may each get _ half. A. every B. each C. another D. either25. _ of us can do everything, but all of us can do _ . A. None, something B. Some, everythingC. Few, something D. Few, nothing26. -May I help you wi

39、th some gloves, sir? -Yes, I'd like to try those blue _. A. one B. ones C. pair D. two27. Of all my friends _ will be able to persuade Tom to change his mind. He is so firm upon it. A. none B. nobody C. neither D. no one28. -Is he content to accept our offered price?-Yes. He cares more about the

40、 quality. Money is _ to him. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something29. I have no idea which was better, so I took _ of them. A. both B. none C. all D. any30. You mustn't always do _ as he asks you to do. He may be wrong sometimes. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything31. I

41、'm no painter, and to me, one painting is much like . A. another B. the other C. others D. one32. I didn't want either of _ hats and asked the salesman to show me_. A. those, another B. two, the other C. all, the others D. both, others33. The children were catching butterflies in the garden.

42、 Some caught a lot, and others caught _ at all. A. nothing B. none C. no one D. neither34. Thank you very much indeed. That' s _ of you. A. kindest B. most kind C. the kinder D. the most kind35. Jack is a very likable fellow, but I've learned to take _ he says with a grain of salt. A. someth

43、ing B. anything C. nothing D. everything36. -I love you more than her, child. -You mean more than _ love her or more than she loves _? A. you, me B. I, you C. you, you D. I, me高考訓(xùn)練01、(08全國(guó)卷I 30) Which of the two computer games did you prefer? Actually I didnt like _.A. both of them B. either of them

44、 C. none of them D. neither of them02、(08全國(guó)卷I 33) The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.A. which B. what C. that D. the one03、(08北京卷 25) It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. A. none B. neither C. both D. each04、(08上海春卷 26) Many fast-growing countries are less concerned with protecting _against climate change. A. one B. oneself C. them D. themselves 05、(08上海卷26) Do you want tea or coffee? _, I really dont mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. or 06、(08天津卷 05)To know more about t