七年級英語上冊教學(xué)素材人教版

1、unit 12 my favorite subject is science. 文化背景知識介紹in the united states, regarding the public education system, there is not a national education system or a national curriculum. each state has a department of education. however, each local school district has the most power. the school districts locat

2、ed in the wealthiest residential areas tend to have the best facilitates since public schools are funded by tax and not by tuition fees.private schools are an alternative to public schools and charge tuition, but the quality of education and facilities is related to the price of tuition. some privat

3、e schools are very expensive, and admission to the school is competitive. schools affiliated with religious organizations are included in the category of private schools. the majority of americans attend public schools from elementary school to high school.in britain, what is called a public school

4、is actually a kind of private school (though not the only kind of private school). government schools that are free to the public are called comprehensive schools, and most of the population attend these. most people, including americans, can find the british system confusing!there are twelve years

5、of school in the american public school system. the number of years in a school depends on the school district.elementary school: 5 or 6 yearsmiddle school: 3 to 4 yearschildren begin first grade at about the age of 6 and complete twelfth grade at about the age of 18. prior to first grade, many elem

6、entary schools offer kindergarten for one year at the age of 5.in middle school (or junior high school) students first begin to take different classes from different teachers, and the process continues through university. a high school will offer subjects, which qualify a student to gain admission i

7、nto university. course offerings often can be viewed by the public on a school website. the core courses relate to english, social studies, math, science, physical education, and sometimes foreign language.unit 10 can you play the guitar? 文化背景知識介紹1. in most middle schools and high schools in the uni

8、ted states, students are encouraged to join a club. these groups generally meet at the end of the school day for an hour or two. students do not have to pay to join a club. if clubs need money to take a trip or buy some equipment, they often have a sale or raise money in another way. for example, a

9、cooking club might make and sell cookies to other students. a music club might decide to wash cars in the school parking lot on a saturday. the students' parents bring their cars and pay to have them washed by the club members.2. kung futhe term kung fu can be used for the many martial arts nati

10、ve to china. more than 300 styles are registered with the chinese government. different spellings are gung fu and gong fu. in everyday language, gong fu is excellence achieved through long practice in any endeavor. a more correct word for describing chinese martial arts is wushu. using kung fu to de

11、scribe chinese martial arts is more common outside china. chinese martial arts have spawned a popular genre of action movie. the films of bruce lee popularized martial arts in the west and actors like jet li and jackie chan have appeared in many western films. their movies are often called kung fu m

12、ovies.unit 9 do you want to go to a movie? 文化背景知識介紹an oscar is a golden statuette which is presented to outstanding performers and filmmakers during the academy awards. the practice of giving oscars started in 1929, and the award ceremony is televised.some of the top movies and movie stars include t

13、he following.top movies: titanic, gone with the wind, west side story, the lord of the rings: the return of the kingtop actors: jack nicholson, dustin hoffman, tom hanks, tom cruisetop actresses: meryl streep, katharine hepburn, jane fondaunit 8 when is your birthday? 文化背景知識介紹1. ask students about w

14、hich age groups in their culture like to talk about how old they are and which age groups don't. in the united states, young children like to tell how old they are. teenagers are sometimes sensitive about age questions because they want people to think they are older than they really are. after

15、age 25, it is not considered polite to ask someone's age, except for business reasons. many people in the united states think it's good to be young and bad to be old. how is it in the students' culture? do teenagers like to tell their ages? do younger or older adults get more respect?2.

16、most american children celebrate birthdays with a cake with lighted candles on top, one candle for each year of their age. the birthday boy (or girl) is supposed to make a wish (without telling anyone what it is) and blow out the candles. if he blows out all of the candles with one breath, the wish

17、will come true. singing "happy birthday to you" is also a tradition on birthdays.some birthdays are more important than other birthdays, especially in the life of a teenager and young adult.age 13: becomes a teenagerage 16: can obtain a driver's license in the united states (for an aut

18、omobile)age 18: can register to voteage 21: can legally drink alcoholin regard to astrology, many americans know their sign (of the zodiac) but most people do not seriously believe in astrology. in china, people sometimes celebrate their lunar birthday rather than their solar birthday. chinese peopl

19、e also use twelve animals to symbolize the year in which one is born. the animals represent the twelve earthly branches, and they are the rat, the cattle, the tiger, the rabbit, the dragon, the snake, the horse, the sheep, the monkey, the rooster, the dog, and the pig.unit 7 how much are these pants

20、? 文化背景知識介紹1. in some parts of the world, sales people greet and work with several customers at the same time. in the united states, however, salespeople usually work with only one customer at one time. when you approach a salesperson who is helping another customer, it is considered impolite to inte

21、rrupt their conversation.2. there are some differences between thanks, thank you, and thank you very much. thanks is used in informal situations or in situations when the person helped you in a not very important way. thank you is the standard form, which is acceptable in all situations. thank you v

22、ery much is used only when someone has done something special to help you. the tone of voice can also add meaning to a statement of thanks. a warm, meaningful thanks sometimes means a lot more to the listener than a more formal thank youunit 6 do you like bananas? 文化背景知識介紹1. in some cultures it is i

23、mpolite for a guest to accept food the first time it is offered. for this reason, visitors to the united states sometimes say "no" the first time their host offers them something to eat. they expect the host to repeat the offer. however, in the united states, the host may think that the gu

24、est really does not want the food.2. when you are invited to someone's house for dinner and you don't like some of the food served, it is all right not to eat it. however, you should try not to draw attention to the fact that you are avoiding certain foods. if possible, try to eat at least a

25、 little of everything offered. it is also ok to eat one or two servings of the foods you like, and leave the others on your plate.3. although magazines, movies and textbooks often show americans eating bacon, eggs, toast, and coffee for breakfast, very few people actually eat that much. some people

26、are worried about their health disease. but there's a more likely reason people don't eat big breakfasts any more: they would rather skip breakfast and sleep fifteen minutes later.4. the three main meals of the day are breakfast, lunch, and dinner. in most american families, dinner is the ma

27、in meal because everyone is too busy getting ready for school and work in the morning to have a big breakfast. also, there is limited time for lunch during the day. therefore, dinner is usually the biggest meal of the day.breakfast (during the week)cereal, milk, toast, pastries, coffee, juice, panca

28、kes, eggs, fruitlunch (during the week)kids: sandwiches, potato chips, fruit, milk, a hot meal in the school cafeteriaadults: sandwiches from home or a hot lunch prepared in a microwave or eaten at a restaurantdinner (during the week)a hot balanced meal including a meat dish, bread / pasta / rice, h

29、ot vegetables, and a sweet dessert (ice cream, fruit, cookies)dinner (during the weekend)families will have meals at home, go out to a restaurant, or barbecue at home or elsewhere (such as the beach, depending on the season and weather conditions)5. most people eat most meals with a knife, fork and

30、spoon. spoons are usually used for desserts or for soups. however, it is becoming more common for westerners to learn how to use chopsticks in chinese or other asian restaurants. in western cuisine, soup is often eaten as a starter, unlike chinese meals in which soup is often taken last. westerners

31、usually talk about "eating" soup, not "drinking" it.6. vegetarianism is much more common in western countries than in china. at least 10% of british and american people are now vegetarians, and the number is increasing. sometimes people choose to become vegetarians for health rea

32、sons, but most people do so because they do not feel it is correct to kill animals for food.7. some traditional holiday foods include the following.thanksgiving day: turkey, corn, pumpkin pie, cranberry saucechristmas: eggnog, gingerbread, roast beef, plum pudding, christmas cookiesunit 5 do you hav

33、e a soccer ball? 文化背景知識介紹there are many original and interesting collections around the world. some of these collections include the following:2,549 weighing scales (australia)11,650 different ties (england)24,810 different key chains (usa)69,384 golf balls (usa)32,287 different pairs of earrings (u

34、sa)16,321 beer bottles (usa)1,397 valid credit cards (usa)3,728 airline sickness bags (netherlandsunit 4 where's my backpack? 文化背景知識介紹1. although the students pictured in this book have a great many possessions, not all americans do. although most families can afford a television, many do not ha

35、ve computers, computer games or cd and video tape collections. it is not uncommon for young people in the united states to work after school in order to help with family expenses or to save money to buy things they want for themselves.2. there are many different types of housing available to america

36、ns depending on whether they live in the city, a suburb, or the country. some wealthy people have second homes where they stay on vacation. the following are some types of housing.housing in the city: apartment, townhousehousing in the suburbs: house, duplex / two-family house, mobile homehousing in

37、 the country / mountains / seaside: house, farmhouse, ranch, cabin, cottagea typical american home includes the following rooms: the kitchen, dining room, living room, bathrooms and bedrooms. there is usually one kitchen, one dining room, and one living room. however, there is often more than one be

38、droom and bathroom. the parents usually have the master bedroom, which is the largest bedroom and often includes a bathroom and a large, walk-in closet.in many cases, young people have their own bedrooms, which they decorate in various ways. it is popular to put posters and pictures on the walls of

39、places, people, or things they like.additionally, many young people post awards they receive from school. if children have collections of stuffed animals, dolls, models, and so on, these are often placed on shelves in their rooms.unit 3 this is my sister. 文化背景知識介紹1. there are many nontraditional fam

40、ilies in the united states. currently, children are being raised by single or divorced parents, guardians, parents of different religions or races, adoptive parents and so on. almost one half of all marriages end in divorce and almost one third of families with children under 18 are single parent fa

41、milies. 4 children out of 100 do not live with either parent.2. in a traditional family, children often call their parents dad and mom. they may talk to others about their parents using my father, my mother, my dad, or my mom. children call their siblings by their first (given) names. they may talk to others about their siblings using their fi